Techtonic Plates Flashcards
What are biospheres, hydrosphere, and lithosphere?
Biosphere: regions of Earth occupied by living organisms
Hydrosphere: all water components on Earth
Lithosphere: rigid outer layer of Earth
What are dependent and independent variables?
Independent variable: manipulated variable
Dependent variable: measured effect
How do you identify dependent and independent variables in an experiment?
Independent variable is what you change
Dependent variable is what you observe or measure
How does a reflex action differ from a voluntary action?
Reflex action: automatic response
Voluntary action: conscious decision
What human activities are impacting the carbon cycle?
Deforestation, fossil fuel combustion, industrial processes
What information is shown about each element on the periodic table?
Element name, symbol, atomic number, atomic mass
How can microorganisms be transmitted from one host to another?
Through air, water, food, direct contact, vectors
What is the difference between pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms?
Pathogenic: cause disease
Non-pathogenic: do not cause disease
What are the functions of the endocrine system?
Regulates metabolism, growth, reproduction, mood, and other functions
Explain what happens during convection currents.
Warm fluid rises, cool fluid sinks, creating circulation
What are the sources of environmental pollution?
Industrial waste, vehicle emissions, agricultural runoff, plastic waste
How do neurons work?
Transmit signals through electrical impulses and neurotransmitter release
How does the body remove waste products?
Through excretion via kidneys, liver, lungs, and skin
What is the most accepted theory on the beginning of the universe?
Big Bang Theory: universe expanded from a singularity
What are the limitations of technological development in the study of the universe?
Cost, accessibility, technological capability, ethical considerations
How does the size of viruses compare to that of bacteria?
Viruses are smaller than bacteria
What are the three main types of plate boundaries?
Divergent, convergent, transform
What happens at divergent boundaries?
Tectonic plates move apart, creating new crust
What are abiotic and biotic factors?
Abiotic: non-living components
Biotic: living organisms
What are different types of waves and their examples?
Transverse waves (light), longitudinal waves (sound), surface waves (water)
How do lights behave when they are reflected and refracted?
Reflected: bounces off surfaces
Refracted: bends when passing through different mediums
What is the difference between reflex action and reflex arc?
Reflex action: automatic response
Reflex arc: neural pathway involved
How do the sizes of different microorganisms compare to each other?
Viruses < bacteria < fungi < protozoa
What is the impact of climate change on the carbon cycle?
Increased CO2 levels, altered carbon sinks, disrupted ecosystems
