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AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner > Technology > Flashcards

Technology Flashcards

1
Q

Weighted Routing

A

Allows you to control how much traffic is routed to each resource. Great for load balancing and testing software. Is used by services such as Amazon Route 53.

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2
Q

Failover Routing

A

Allows for configuring active-passive failover.

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3
Q

Simple Routing

A

Allows for routing traffic to a single source, such as from a website to a web server.

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4
Q

Latency-based Routing

A

Allows for routing traffic to the AWS region with the best latency. Usually in cases when there are resources in multiple AWS regions.

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5
Q

AWS OpsWorks

A

A configuration management service that provides managed instances of Chef and Puppet. These are automation platforms that let you use code to automate the configurations of the servers.

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6
Q

AWS CodeDeploy

A

Automates code deployments to any instances, such as EC2 Instances and instances running on-premises. Allows you to release new features, avoid downtime during deployment, and handles the complexity of updating your applications.

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7
Q

AWS Batch

A

Allows developers and other users to run hundreds of thousands of batch computing jobs on AWS.

It’s a regional service.

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8
Q

Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service)

A

Allows the user to set up, operate, and scale a RDB in the cloud. Is less operationally efficient than Amazon DynamoDB.

Great for rapidly changing data. It’s not a global service.

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9
Q

Read Replica

A

The main purpose is scalability.

Allows the developer to create read-only copies that are synchronised with the master DB. Great for improved read performance. Can place the Read Replica in a different AWS Region closer to the users for better performance. It doesn’t enhance database availability, protect from a regional failure, or reduce DB usage costs.

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10
Q

Amazon RDS Multi-AZ

A

The main purpose is high availability. A primary DB Instance. is automatically created, followed by a standby instance in a different AZ. This allows for automatic failover.

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11
Q

Amazon RDS Multi-Region

A

The main purpose is disaster recovery and local performance.

There is asynchronous replication, and each region can have a Multi-AZ deployment.

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12
Q

AWS CloudFormation

A

It is an Infrastructure as Code (IaC) that allows you to model and provision resources needed for an application.

It gives developers and systems administrators a simple way to create and manage a collection of related AWS resources, provisioning and updating them in a clear manner.

You can use sample templates or create your own templates for AWS resources. It also allows for estimating the costs of the templates. These templates can be written in a programming language or a simple text file.

Can’t be used for automatic code deployment.

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13
Q

AWS Managed Microsoft AD (Active Directory)

A

Allows directory-aware workloads and AWS resources to use managed Active Directory in the AWS Cloud. It can’t deploy resources.

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14
Q

Amazon LightSail

A

Easy way to launch and manage a virtual private server with AWS. Not good for deploying more complex resources.

Has compute, storage, and networking capacity and capabilities to deploy and manage websites and web applications.

It’s a PaaS service.

It isn’t serverless.

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15
Q

Amazon Transcribe

A

Converts speech to text using Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR).

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16
Q

Amazon Polly

A

Converts text to speech.

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17
Q

AWS X-Ray

A

Can analyse and debug serverless and distributed applications, such as those built using a microservices architecture.

  1. Collect traces
  2. Record traces
  3. View service map
  4. Analyse issues
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18
Q

AWS Trusted Advisor

A

An online tool that gives you real-time guidance on provisioning your resources following AWS best practices on cost optimisation, security, fault tolerance, service limits and performance improvement.

Checklist covers five areas:
1. Cost Optimization
2. Security
3. Fault Tolerance
4. Performance
5. Service Limits

Can be used to check Amazon EBS volume configurations and warn when volumes appear to be underused. Charges being when a volume is created.

It can’t be used for debugging performance issues for serverless applications built using a microservices architecture. It can’t share reserved EC2 Instances amongst multiple AWS accounts. It can’t help with AWS migration.

It can be used to find underutilized EC2 Instances.

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19
Q

Amazon Pinpoint

A

Helps marketers and developers to deliver customer-centric engagement experiences by capturing customer usage data to derive real-time insights.

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20
Q

Amazon ECS (Elastic Container Service)

A

A highly scalable, fast, container management service for managing Docker containers on a cluster. Not a fully managed service.

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21
Q

AWS Fargate

A

A serverless compute engine for containers. Works with both Amazon ECS (Elastic Container Service) and Amazon EKS (Elastic Kubernetes Service).

It removes the need to provision and manage servers, so you can focus on development.

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22
Q

AWS Lambda

A

A compute service that lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers (serverless). It only executes code when needed and scales automatically. It doesn’t support running container applications.

It has a maximum execution time of 15 minutes.

It’s a region service.

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23
Q

Amazon ECR (Elastic Container Registry)

A

Can store, manage, and deploy Docker container images. It doesn’t support running container applications.

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24
Q

Amazon DynamoDB

A

A fully managed, scalable, serverless, key-value NoSQL DB designed to run high-performance applications at any scale. Has built-in security, continuous backups, automated multi-region replication, in-memory caching, and data export tools.

Can manage structured and unstructured data, including JSON documents.

Has the least operational overhead for any scale when storing data.

It isn’t free and you’re charged for reading, writing, and storing data in your DynamoDB tables, along with optional features that are enabled.

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25
Q

Amazon DynamoDB with Global Tables

A

Global tables replicate data automatically across selected AWS Regions and automatically scale capacity to accommodate your workloads. Offers active-active cross-region support that is needed for the company.

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26
Q

DAX (DynamoDB Accelerator)

A

An in-memory cache that delivers fast read performance for your tables at scale by allowing you to use a fully managed in-memory cache. Can improve DynamoDB table read performance by up to 10x. No active-active cross-region configuration.

No caching feature.

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27
Q

Amazon Aurora

A

A fully managed relational database engine that’s compatible with MySQL and PostgreSQL, but not NoSQL. Can deliver up to 5x the throughput of MySQL and up to 3x the throughput of PostgreSQL without changes to most existing applications.

A well-defined schema is needed.

In a multi-master cluster, all DB instances have read/write capability.

Not suitable when you need to set up a new DB on short notice.

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28
Q

Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service)

A

Allows for setting up a RDB in the cloud. Has cost-efficient and resizable capacity while automating administration tasks. Doesn’t support NoSQL.

The BYOL (Bring-Your-Own-License) model only applies to the Oracle Engine.

A well-defined schema is needed.

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29
Q

AWS IAM Identity Center

A

Built on top of AWS IAM, it simplifies access management for multiple AWS accounts, applications, and other SAML-enabled cloud applications. Workforce users get a user portal to access their assigned AWS accounts or cloud applications.

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30
Q

AWS Cognito

A

Allows for adding user sign-up, sign-in and access control for web and mobile apps. Can authenticate users through social identity providers such as Facebook, Twitter, or Amazon. It has SAML identity solutions, and allows for your own identity system. Great for those building B2C or B2B apps.

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31
Q

AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management)

A

Allows you to securely control access to AWS services and resources for your users. Can assign users to groups and use permissions to allow and deny their access for AWS resources.

It’s free to use.

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32
Q

AWS CLI (Command Line Interface)

A

Can manage multiple AWS services from the command line and automate them through scripts.

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33
Q

AWS CodeCommit

A

A fully-managed source control service that hosts secure Git-based repositories. Makes it easier for teams to collaborate.

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34
Q

AWS CodePipeline

A

A continuous delivery service that allows to model, visualise, and automate the steps required to release your software. Can model the full release process for building your code, deploying to pre-production environments, testing your application and releasing it to production.

Integrates with many other AWS services such as AWS CodeCommit, Amazon S3, AWS CodeBuild, AWS CodeDeploy, AWS Elastic Beanstalk, AWS CloudFormation, AWS OpsWorks, Amazon ECS, and AWS Lambda.

CodePipeline can’t by itself deploy the code.

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35
Q

AWS Compute Optimizer

A

It helps you identify the optimal AWS resource configurations, such as Amazon EC2 Instances types, Amazon EBS volume configurations, and AWS Lambda function memory sizes. It uses ML to analyse historical utilisation metrics.

It doesn’t optimise recommendations for S3 and EFS.

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36
Q

AWS Elastic Beanstalk

A

It’s a Platform as a Service (Paas) that allows you to deploy and scale web applications and services. It handles capacity provisioning, load balancing, auto-scaling, and application health monitoring.

It isn’t serverless.

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37
Q

AWS Partner Solutions

A

These are automated reference deployments built by AWS solutions architects and AWS Partners.

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38
Q

AWS Forums

A

A community forum where people can help each other about AWS.

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39
Q

AWS Whitepapers

A

These are whitepapers written by AWS and the AWS community.

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40
Q

Amazon S3 One Zone-IA (Infrequent Access)

A

It’s for data that is accessed less frequently but needs rapid access when required. This stores data in only one AZ instead of the standard 3 AZ’s. Thus, it’s 20% cheaper than the standard Amazon S3 Standard-IA.

Has retrieval fees.

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41
Q

Amazon S3 Standard-IA (Infrequent Access)

A

It’s for data that is accessed less frequently but needs rapid access when required. This stores data in the standard of 3 AZ’s. It’s more expensive than Amazon S3 One Zone (IA).

GET requests are more expensive than standard S3 storage type. Might not be best for websites that are visited frequently.

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42
Q

Amazon S3 Standard

A

Offers high durability, availability, and performance object storage for frequently accessed data. Doesn’t function as a DB. Doesn’t support file append operations, as it stores objects. All Amazon S3 buckets are encrypted by default using server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed keys (SSE-S3).

Retrieval time is milliseconds.

No retrieval fees.

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43
Q

Amazon S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval

A

A secure, durable, and low-cost storage class for data archiving. It’s cheaper than Amazon S3 One-Zone-IA, but retrieval time ranges from a minute to hours.

It’s less cost-optimal than Amazon S3 Glacier Deep Archive.

Has retrieval fees.

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44
Q

Amazon Neptune

A

A fully managed DB service built for the cloud, specifically for building and running graph applications.

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45
Q

Amazon EFS (Elastic File System)

A

A file storage service for use with Amazon EC2. It provides a file system interface, file system access semantics, and concurrently-accessible storage for up to thousands of Amazon EC2 Instances. It uses the Network File system protocol.

Can scale on-demand to petabytes without disrupting applications.

It isn’t encrypted by default, but can be configured to be encrypted.

It’s a regional service and can’t directly connect to CloudFront.

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46
Q

Amazon EBS (Elastic Block Store)

A

It’s a easy-to-use, high-performance block storage service designed for use with Amazon EC2 for both throughput and transaction-intensive workloads at any scale.

Useful for relational and non-relational DB’s, enterprise applications, containerised applications, big data analytics engines, file systems, and media workflows.

EBS isn’t encrypted by default.

It can’t be accessed simultaneously by multiple EC2 Instances.

When backing an instance, the following things are needed:
1. Security Group
2. EBS Root volume
3. VPC and subnet specification

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47
Q

Instance Store

A

It gives temporary block-level storage for your instance. This storage is located on disks that are physically attached to the host computer. This differs from persistent storage (i.e. HDD, SSD, Amazon EFS)

Ideal for temporary storage of information that changes frequently or for data that is replicated across a fleet of instances. The data is lost if the Instance experiences failure or is terminated.

They can’t be accessed simultaneously by multiple EC2 Instances.

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48
Q

AWS Systems Manager Session Manager

A

A fully managed service that has an interactive browser-based shell and CLI experience. It’s for secure and auditable instance management without the need to open inbound ports, maintain bastion hosts, and manage SSH keys.

Great for compliance with corporate policies that require controlled access to instances, increase security and auditability of access to the instances while providing simplicity and cross-platform instance access to end-users.

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49
Q

Amazon EC2 Instance Connect

A

Provides a simple and secure way to connect to your Linux instances using SSH. You use AWS IAM policies and principals to control SSH access to your instances. Thus there’s no need to share and manage SSH keys. Port 22 still needs to be open for traffic.

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50
Q

Amazon Inspector

A

An automated security assessment service that helps improve the security and compliance of applications deployed on AWS. It automatically assesses applications for exposure, vulnerabilities, and deviations from best practices. After assessing, it makes a list of security findings prioritised by level of severity.

It can’t provide secure shell access to EC2 Instances. It can’t infrastructure and focuses on security assessment.

51
Q

Amazon Route 53

A

A highly available and scalable cloud Domain Name System (DNS) web service. It gives developers and businesses a reliable and cost-effective manner to route end users to internet applications by translating website URL’s into IP addresses for the purposes of connecting computers. It can’t provide secure shell access to EC2 Instances.

Key features
- Resolver
- Traffic Flow
- Latency-based Routing
- Geo DNS
- Private DNS for Amazon VPC
- DNS Failover
- Health Checks and Monitoring
- Domain Registration

52
Q

Amazon Eventbridge

A

A serverless event bus service that lets you develop event-driven applications.

A service that gives real-time access to changes in data in AWS services, your own applications, and SaaS applications without writing code. It’s a serverless task scheduler that simplifies creating, executing, and managing millions of schedules across AWS services.

53
Q

AWS Systems Manager

A

Gives you visibility and control of your infrastructure on AWS. Systems Manager provides a unified user interface so you can view operational data from multiple AWS services and allows you to automate operational tasks across your AWS resources. Can group AWS resources by application. Can view operational data for monitoring and troubleshooting, and take action on your groups of resources.

Can automate the patching of managed instances with security and non-security updates.

Can’t be used to run a process on a schedule.

54
Q

Amazon SNS (Simple Notification Service)

A

A highly available, durable, secure, fully managed pub/sub messaging service that allows you to decouple microservices, distributed systems, and serverless applications. Application components can send and receive messages asynchronously.

It doesn’t provide the current services’ status.

It relies on other services such as CloudWatch Alarms to forward the actual alarm.

55
Q

Amazon SageMaker

A

A fully managed service that allows you to build, train, and deploy ML models quickly.

56
Q

Amazon RedShift

A

A fully-managed petabyte-scale cloud-based data warehouse product designed for large scale dataset storage and analysis. A well-defined schema is needed.

It isn’t encrypted by default, but can be configured to be encrypted.

57
Q

AMI (Amazon Machine Image)

A

It has the information needed to launch an instance. An AMI must be specified when launching an instance. A single AMI can be used to launch multiple instances. The AMI must be in the same region as the EC2 Instance launched. The AMI can be copied into the region that the EC2 Instance is launched.

58
Q

Amazon S3 Glacier Deep Archive

A

The lowest-cost storage class. For long-term retention and digital preservation for data that are accessed very infrequently (i.e. 1-2x per year). For customers in highly-regulated industries, such as Financial Services, Healthcare, and Public Sectors, that retain datasets for 7-10 years or longer to meet regulatory compliance requirements. Has a retrieval time of hours. It can also be used for backup and disaster recovery.

Has retrieval fees.

59
Q

AWS Storage Gateway

A

A hybrid cloud storage service that gives you on-premises access to virtually unlimited cloud storage. All data transferred between the gateway and AWS storage is encrypted using SSL.

It can’t be used for data archiving.

60
Q

Amazon Macie

A

A fully managed data security and data privacy service that uses ML and pattern matching to discover and protect your sensitive data in AWS. Macie automatically provides an inventory of Amazon S3 including a list of unencrypted buckets, publicly accessible buckets, and buckets shared with AWS accounts outside those you have defined in AWS Organizations. Amazon Macie analyses the buckets that you selected and alerts you to sensitive data, such as personally identifiable information (PII).

61
Q

AWS Glue

A

A fully managed ETL (extract, transform, and load) service that customers prepare and load their data for analytics. It’s meant for batch ETL data processing.

62
Q

AWS Secrets Manager

A

Helps protect secrets needed to access your applications, services, and IT resources. Lets you rotate, manage, and retrieve DB credentials.

63
Q

AWS Health - Service Health Dashboard

A

Where you can monitor the availability and operations of AWS services. Can subscribe to an RSS feed to get notifications of interruptions to each service.

Can view the overall status of AWS services.

64
Q

AWS Health Dashboard - Your Account Health

A

Provides alert and remediation guidance when AWS is experiencing events that may impact you.

Alerts are triggered by changes in the health of your AWS resources.

65
Q

Amazon S3 Intelligent-Tiering

A

For optimising costs by automatically moving data to the most cost-effective access tier, without performance impact or operational overhead. It stores objects in two access tiers: one that is optimised for frequent access and another lower-cost tier that is optimised for infrequent access.

No retrieval fees.

66
Q

AWS Local Zones

A

Lets you select AWS services, like compute and storage services, closer to more end-users, giving them very low latency access to the applications running locally.

67
Q

AWS Edge Locations

A

It’s a site that CloudFront uses to cache copies of the content for faster delivery to users at any location.

It provides caching which reduces the load on your origin servers, and it improves application performance by delivering content closer to your users.

68
Q

AWS Wavelength

A

Extends the AWS cloud to a global network of 5G edge locations to let developers innovate and build a whole new class of applications that require ultra-low latency.

69
Q

AWS Direct Connect

A

A cloud service that links your network directly to AWS, bypassing the internet to deliver more consistent, lower-latency performance.

When making a new connection, you can choose a hosted connection provided by an AWS Direct Connect Delivery Partner, or choose a decided connection from AWS. Can deploy at over 100 AWS Direct Connect locations around the world.

Takes at least a month to establish this connection. Can’t be used to interconnect VPC’s.

70
Q

AWS Device Farm

A

It’s an application testing service that lets you improve the quality of your web and mobile apps by testing them across an extensive range of desktop browsers and real mobile devices without having to provision and manage any testing infrastructure.

71
Q

AWS Amplify

A

A platform for full-stack development of web and mobile applications on AWS.

72
Q

AWS App Runner

A

It’s a container-native service managed by AWS, for helping developers build, deploy, and scale web applications and API’s in a quick manner.

73
Q

AWS Infrastructure Event Management

A

It’s a structured programme available to Enterprise Support customers (and Business Support customers for an additional fee) that helps you plan for large-scale events such as product or application launches, infrastructure migrations, and marketing events. Focuses more on business operations.

74
Q

Amazon CloudFront

A

A global CDN services that accelerates the delivery of your websites, API’s, video content, or other web assets to customers worldwide.

It retrieves your content from an origin, such as an Amazon S3 bucket, EC2 Instance, or Amazon ELB or your own web server, when it’s not already in an edge location. It can be used to deliver your entire website or application, including dynamic, static, streaming, and interactive content.

It isn’t suitable for dynamic, real-time data, such as gaming and interactive services.

75
Q

Amazon SQS

A

This service provides a managed message queueing service for decoupling and scaling microservices, distributed systems, and serverless applications. It allows the decoupling of application components by allowing them to send and receive message asynchronously without direct communication.

Multiple copies of every message are stored redundantly across multiple AZ’s so that they’re available when needed.

76
Q

Amazon Kinesis

A

This service provides real-time streaming data processing for big data use cases such as real-time analytics, machine learning, and ETL. It enables the decoupling of application components by allowing to consume and process data from streaming data sources such as IoT devices, social media, and website clickstreams.

77
Q

AWS IAM Access Analyzer

A

It uses CloudTrail logs for analysis and produces an IAM policy based on recognised actions and services. This policy can then be used to refine permissions for an entity by attaching it to an IAM user or role.

78
Q

AWS Proton

A

A deployment workflow tool that standardises infrastructure and automates the deployment of serverless & container-based applications.

79
Q

AWS License Manager

A

It allows you to manage software licenses from different vendors.

80
Q

AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store

A

Centralises the configuration data of the user’s application. Can store data such as passwords, database strings, AMI ID’s, and license codes as parameter values.

81
Q

Amazon ElastiCache

A

Offers fully managed Redis and Memcached. Can deploy, run, and scale popular open source compatible in-memory data stores. Can build data-intensive apps or improve the performance of existing apps by retrieving data from high throughput and low latency in-memory data stores.

Great for applications with read-heavy application workloads, such as social networking, gaming, media sharing, etc. Also great for compute-intensive workloads (such as a recommendation engine).

In-memory caching improves application performance by storing critical pieces of data in memory for low-latency access. Cached information may include the results of I/O-intensive DB queries or the results of computationally-intensive calculations.

82
Q

AWS IoT Greengrass

A

Lets you run local compute, messaging, data caching, sync, and ML inference capabilities on connected devices in a secure manner.

83
Q

AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery (AWS DRS)

A

Provides fast, reliable recovery of on-premises and cloud-based applications using affordable storage, minimal compute, and point-in-time recovery.

Can replicate data from source servers to a staging area subnet in your AWS account. Can test the implementation non-disruptively. Can monitor replication and perform recovery and fallback drills periodically. Can launch recovery instances on AWS within minutes if you need to recover applications. Can keep applications on AWS or replicate data back to your primary site.

84
Q

AWS Application Migration Service

A

Great for migrating applications to AWS.

85
Q

AWS Database Migration Service

A

Great for migrating DB’s to AWS. It can handle database replication, but not great for disaster recovery.

86
Q

Amazon Aurora Backtrack

A

Lets you restore a DB cluster to a specific time, without restoring data from a backup.

87
Q

Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)

A

A web service that provides secure, resizable compute capacity in the cloud. It’s designed to make web-scale cloud computing easier for developers. You have more control over your EC2 instance, so you can install any DB that you prefer and manage its guest OS, including the required updates and security patches.

It’s a zonal service.

88
Q

Rekognition

A

A data visualisation service. Used mainly for image and video analysis. Can’t be used to protect sensitive data.

89
Q

AWS Snowball

A

A petabyte-scale data migration solution that uses hardware devices to transfer large amounts of data into and out of the AWS Cloud.

90
Q

Amazon AppStream 2.0

A

A fully managed application streamlining service which you can use to centrally manage your desktop applications.

91
Q

AWS SDK’s (Software Development Kits)

A

These let you interact with AWS services using language-specific API’s, essentially in a programmatic manner.

92
Q

Service Limit

A

These are set for each account to help guarantee the availability of AWS resources, and minimise billing risks for new customers. Some limits are raised automatically over time as you use AWS, but most require manually limit increase requests.

To increase the limit, create a case in the AWS Support Center page and ask for a service limit increase.

93
Q

Amazon S3 Lifecycle Policy

A

These can be used to automatically move infrequently accessed data to a more cost-effective storage class.

94
Q

Multipart Upload

A

When you upload a single object as a set of parts. Recommended when objects exceed 100 MB in size.

95
Q

Lambda@Edge

A

A feature of Amazon CloudFront that lets you run code closer to application users.

96
Q

Best Practices: Building an Application in the AWS Cloud

A

There are many best practices, but the most important ones are:

  1. Design for failure
  2. Decouple your components (no tight dependencies between components)
  3. Implement elasticity
  4. Think parallel
97
Q

EBS Volume Types

A

The main types of volumes are SSD and HHD.

SSD (Solid State Drive):
- Best for workloads with small, random I/O operations
- Can be used as a bootable volume
- Best for transactional workloads, critical business applications that need sustained IOPS performance, large database workloads such as MongoDB, Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server and etc.
- Moderate/high cost
- IOPS (Input/Output Operations per Second) is the dominant performance attribute

HDD (Hard Disk Drive):
- Best for workloads with large, sequential I/O operations
- Can’t be used as a bootable volume
- Best for large streaming workloads requiring consistent, fast throughput at a low price, big data, data warehouses, log processing, and throughput-oriented storage for large volumes of data that is infrequently accessed
- Low cost
- Throughput(MiB/s) is the dominant performance attribute

98
Q

Throughput Optimized HDD

A

These volumes have low-cost magnetic storage whose performance is defined as throughput, not IOPS.

Great for large, sequential workloads such as Amazon EMR, ETL, data warehouses, and log processing.

99
Q

Amazon EMR

A

A cloud big data solution for petabyte-scale data processing, interactive analytics, and ML using open-source frameworks such as Apache Spark, Apache Hive, and Presto.

100
Q

Provisioned IOPS SSD

A

Used for critical business applications that need sustained IOPS performance.

101
Q

General Purpose SSD

A

This volume balances price and performance for a wide variety of workloads. Not suitable for frequently, accessed, throughput-intensive workloads.

102
Q

Cold HDD

A

The cheapest volume, but mainly suitable for less frequently accessed workloads.

103
Q

Amazon Sumerian

A

A service that lets you create and run 3D, AR, and VR applications.

104
Q

Amazon Lex

A

A powerful AI service that lets developers build conversational application interfaces. Can create intelligent bots that uses NLP and responds to user requests in a human-like manner.

It integrates with AWS Lambda, Amazon DynamoDB, and Amazon S3.

105
Q

Amazon Quicksight

A

A business intelligence service that lets users create and publish interactive dashboards and reports.

106
Q

AWS Step Functions

A

Provides serverless orchestration for modern applications. It centrally manages a workflow by breaking it into multiple steps, adding flow logic, and tracking the input and outputs between the steps.

As the applications execute, Step Functions maintains application state, tracking exactly which workflow step your application is in, and stores an event log of data that is passed between application components. If networks fail or components hang, your application can pick up right where it left off.

107
Q

EBS Backup

A

Can take point-in-time snapshots, which serve as incremental backups. Only the blocks on the device that have changed after your most recent snapshot are sized.

Snapshots are store durably in Amazon S3.

Instances don’t have to be stopped first to start the EBS backup.

108
Q

Amazon Athena

A

An interactive query service that makes it easy to analyse data in AmazonS3 using standard SQL.

109
Q

VPC Route Table

A

It governs how traffic flows inside a VPC, not with external sources.

110
Q

AWS App Mesh

A

A service mesh that provides application-level networking to make it easy for your services to communicate with each across multiple types of compute infrastructure.

111
Q

AWS WAF (Web Application Firewall)

A

A cloud-based service that helps protect web applications or API’s against attacks by filtering traffic based on rules that you create.

It’s a global service.

112
Q

AWS Outpost

A

Provides AWS services to data centres, co-location spaces, or on-premises facility.

Comes in two families:

Rack:
- It has the same AWS infrastructure, services, API’s, and tools as any data centre or co-location space. An Outpost rack provides AWS compute, storage, DB, and other services locally.
- Locally supported services:
- Amazon EC2
- Amazon ECS
- Amazon EKS
- Amazon EBS
- Amazon EBS Snapshots
- Amazon S3
- Amazon RDS
- Amazon Elasticache
- Amazon EMR
- Amazon ALB
- Amazon Route 53 Resolver
- VMware Cloud

Server:
- Has the same AWS infrastructure, services, API’s and tools to on-premises and edge locations with limited space or smaller capacity requirements.
- Locally supported services:
- Amazon EC2
- Amazon ECS
- AWS IoT Greengrass
- Amazon Sagemaker Edge Manager

113
Q

Golden AMI

A

It’s an AMI with the latest security patches, software, configuration, and software agents that need to be installed for logging, security maintenance, and performance monitoring.

114
Q

Equipment Expenditures of AWS

A

AWS introduces cost reductions each year in their services.

115
Q

Amazon MQ

A

A managed message broker service for Apache ActiveMQ that makes it easy to set up and operate message brokers in the cloud.

It manages the administration and maintenance of ActiveMQ, a popular open-source message broker.

Can also get direct access to the ActiveMQ console, API’s, and protocols for messaging, including JMS, NMS, AMQP, STOMP, MQTT, and WebSocket.

116
Q

Amazon Chime

A

A communication service where you can meet, chat, and place business calls inside and outside your organisation.

117
Q

Amazon SES (Simple Email Service)

A

A cloud-based email sending service for helping digital marketers and application developers send marketing, notification, and transactional emails.

118
Q

Amazon WorkMail

A

A service to manage corporate email infrastructure and removes the need for up-front investments to license and provision on-premises email servers.

119
Q

AWS Architecture Center

A

A collection of technical resources to help build more effectively and efficiently in the AWS Cloud.

Domains:
- Analytics & Big Data
- Compute & HPC
- Containers
- Databases
- Machine Learning
- Migration
- Security, Identity & Compliance
- Storage

120
Q

Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration

A

It can speed up content transfers to and from Amazon S3 by 50% - 500% for long-distance transfer of larger objects.

121
Q

AWS Service Catalog

A

For organisations, IT teams, and managed service providers (MSP’s) that need to centralise policies. Can vend and manage AWS resources and services.

122
Q

Amazon Grafana

A

A service for creating and visualising real-time operational dashboards.

123
Q

Amazon FSx

A

Can launch and run popular file systems. Examples include Windows File Server, Lustre, NetApp ONTAP, and OpenZFS.

124
Q

AWS CodeBuild

A

A fully managed continuous integration service that compiles source code, runs tests, and produces software packages that are ready to deploy.

AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner (4 decks)

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