Techniques

Question 1

Effleurage:

Answer 1

“Warm up”
Superficial and deep
Longitudinal and transverse
Always towards the heart or nearest lymph nodes
Prepares muscles and client
Between 5-10 minutes

Question 2

Petrissage:

Answer 2

More force and deeper
4 techniques:
Kneading
Rolling
Picking up and squeezing
Wringing
Always communicate with client
No longer than 10 minutes

Question 3

Tapotement:
(Not in exam)

Answer 3

Tapping or striking
Done dry (without wax)
Rhythmic percussions using hands/fists (cupping, beating, slapping)
Light=mild vasoconstriction
Moderate= vasodilation
Not necessary-ask the client if they want it done

Question 4

Trigger Point therapy:
(Not in exam)

Answer 4

Locate area of pain/tightness
Palpate and get a VAS pain score
Instruct client to breathe deep and slow
Compress trigger point firmly for up to 20 seconds
Ask for VAS throughout- if it doesn’t reduce then move slightly

Question 5

Soft tissue release:

Answer 5

Isolates specific muscle groups
Two types: Passive and active
Locate muscle origin and insertion
Shorten the muscle
Choose hand lock position
Patient (active) or therapist (passive) moves muscle to its stretched position for up to 10-15 seconds- start passive then do active if client is comfortable
Therapist works hand from insertion to origin.
Get feedback and repeat twice more if needed

Question 6

Frictions:

Answer 6

Work dry (without wax) across the ligament/muscle being worked on.
Commonly used on ATFL, MCL, Achilles or the hamstring muscle belly
Initial 3 minutes long plus up to 10 more if necessary.
Ligaments=transverse movement
Muscles=circular movement
Mobilise structures and trigger an acute response to microtrauma and chemotaxis-vasodilation and localised anaesthesia.

Question 7

PNF stretching:

Answer 7

Get the patient to take the muscle as far into a stretched position as possible and then take that stretch slightly further and hold at the point of discomfort for 10-15 seconds.
Learn the quadriceps and hamstrings.