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Product Design > Technical Principles > Flashcards

Technical Principles Flashcards

1
Q

What’s compressive strength?

A

The ability to withstand being crushed or shortened by pushing forces.

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2
Q

What’s tensile strength?

A

The ability to resist stretching or pulling forces

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3
Q

What’s bending strength?

A

The ability to resist forces that may bend the material

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4
Q

What’s shear strength?

A

The ability to resist sliding forces on a parallel plane.

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5
Q

What’s torsional strength?

A

The ability to resist twisting forces from applied torsion

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6
Q

What’s hardness

A

The ability to resist abrasive wear, such as scratching or surface indentation

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7
Q

What’s toughness

A

The ability to absorb impact force without fracture

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8
Q

What’s plasticity

A

The ability to be permanently deformed and retain the deformed shape

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9
Q

What’s ductility

A

That ability to be drawn out under tension, without cracking

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10
Q

What’s malleability

A

The ability to withstand deformation by compression without cracking

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11
Q

What’s elasticity

A

The ability to be deformed and return to the original shape when the force is removed

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12
Q

What’s the density of a material?

A

The mass of the material in a standard volume of space.

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13
Q

What’s fusibility?

A

The ability of a material to be fused or converted to a solid to liquid/molten state.

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14
Q

What’s magnetism?

A

The natural force of an object that causes the material to attract iron or steel

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15
Q

What’s corrosion/degradation resistance?

A

The ability of the material to withstand environmental attack or decay

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16
Q

What’s an electrical conductor?

A

Something that allows the flow of electrical current through the material.

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17
Q

What’s an electrical insulator?

A

Something that doesn’t allow the flow of electricity through the material

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18
Q

What’s a thermal conductor?

A

Something that allows the transfer of heat energy through a material.

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19
Q

What’s a thermal insulator?

A

Something that prevents the transfer of heat through a material

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20
Q

What’s thermal expansion?

A

The increased in material volume in response to heat input

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21
Q

What’s the definition of opaque?

A

Prevents light from travelling through

22
Q

What’s does it mean when something is translucent?

A

It allows light through but diffuses the light so objects appear blurred

23
Q

What’s does it mean when something is transparent?

A

It allows light to pass through easily, so you can see clearly through the material

24
Q

What are mechanical properties?

A

Properties associated with how a product reacts to an external force

25
Q

What’s a physical property

A

Properties associated with the actual make-up or structure of the material

26
Q

What are the 3 types of metal classifications?

A
  • Ferrous
  • non-ferrous
  • alloy
27
Q

What’s a ferrous metal?

A

A metal containing mostly iron and carbon.
- are magnetic and will rust

28
Q

What are some examples of ferrous metals?

A
  • low carbon steel
  • medium carbon steel
  • cast iron
29
Q

What’s a non-ferrous metal?

A

A metal that doesn’t contain iron.
- not magnetic and don’t rust

30
Q

What are some non-ferrous metals?

A
  • aluminium
  • copper
  • zinc
  • silver
  • gold
  • titanium
  • tin
31
Q

What’s an alloy?

A

A metal made up of two or more metals, or combined two or more elements, one of which must be a metal.
- they can be ferrous or non-ferrous

32
Q

What are some example of alloys?
Ferrous and non-ferrous

A

Ferrous
– stainless steel, die steel

Non-ferrous
– bronze, brass, duralumin, pewter

33
Q

What’s a hard wood?

A

A wood from broad-leafed trees (deciduous)
- slow growing and loose leaves in autumn

34
Q

What’s a softwood?

A

A wood from a coniferous tree (cone bearing)
- fast growing and evergreen

35
Q

What’s manufactured board?

A

A man-made wood-based composite material

36
Q

What’s are some examples of a hardwood?

A

Oak, ash, mahogany, teak, birch, beech

37
Q

What are some examples of soft woods?

A

Pine, spruce, Douglas fir, redwood, cedar, larch

38
Q

What are some examples of manufactured board?

A

Plywood, marine plywood, aeroply, chipboard, MDF

39
Q

What’s a thermoplastic?

A

A material that can be repeatedly reheated and reshaped, allowing it to be recycled
- have longer linear chain molecules

40
Q

What’s a thermosetting polymer?

A

A material that when heated undergoes a chemical change, whereby the molecules form rigid cross links
Can’t be reshaped and reheated

41
Q

What’s an elastomer?

A

A material which at room temperature can be deformed under pressure then upon release, will return to its original shape
- have weak bonds that allow them to stretch

42
Q

What are some examples of thermoplastics?

A
  • low density polyethylene (LDPE)
  • High density polyethylene (HDPE)
  • polypropylene (PP)
  • high impact polystyrene (HIPS)
  • acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)
  • polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)
  • polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
  • nylon
  • PVC
43
Q

What are some examples of thermosetting polymers?

A
  • urea formaldehyde (UF)
  • melamine formaldehyde (MF)
  • polyester resin
  • epoxy resin
44
Q

What are some examples of elastomers?

A
  • natural rubber
  • polybutadiene
  • neoprene
  • silicone
45
Q

What are some examples of papers and boards?

A

-layout paper
-cartridge paper
-tracing paper
-bleed proof paper
-treated paper
-watercolour paper
-corrugated card
-bleached card
-mount board
-duplex card
-foil backed and laminated card

46
Q

What is a composite?

A

A material comprised of two or more different materials, resulting in a material with enhanced properties

47
Q

What are some examples of composites?

A
  • carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP)
  • glass fibre reinforced plastic (GRP)
  • tudsten carbide
  • aluminium composite board
  • concrete
  • fibre cement
  • engineered wood
48
Q

What’s a smart material?

A

A material whose physical properties change in response to an input or change in the environment

49
Q

What are some examples of a smart material?

A
  • shape memory alloys (SMA)
  • thermochromatic pigment
  • phosphorescent pigment
  • photochromic pigment
50
Q

What’s a modern material?

A

A material developed through the invention of new or improved processes
- they aren’t smart as they don’t react to external change

51
Q

What are some examples of modern materials?

A
  • Kevlar
  • precious metal clay (PMC)
  • high density modelling foam, polymorph

Product Design (1 decks)

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