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Western Civ > Tech 101 > Flashcards

Tech 101 Flashcards

1
Q

All of the following are believed to be developments of the Paleolithic age expect which one?

A

The regular production of food through agriculture

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2
Q

In ancient civilization why didnbronze replace copper?

A

Bronze was harder and more durable

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3
Q

What transition occurred during the early Neolithic era

A

A slow transition from hunting and gathering to an agricultural society

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4
Q

Which best describes what historians refer to as the agricultural revolution

A

Included the growing of crops and taming of food-producing animals

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5
Q

The written script of the Sumerians is known as which of the following

A

Cuneiform

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6
Q

How are punishments for crime under the code of hummarabi best described?

A

They were more severe for the lower classes

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7
Q

Which of the following best describes the Egyptian pyramids?

A

Conceived and built as tombs for a city of the dead

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8
Q

According to the tradition of the Hebrews they were descendants of which patriarch?

A

Abraham

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9
Q

According the Hebrew Bible where Moses United the Israelites after their enslavement

A

Egypt

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10
Q

According to the biblical account what was Solomons most revered contribution to Hebrew society

A

Constructing the temple the symbolic center of the Hebrew religion and society

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11
Q

The destruction of Jerusalem in 586 B.C.E and the Babylonian captivity of the people of Judah occurred at the hands of which of the following

A

Chadea

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12
Q

Which of the following best describes the covenant

A

It acted as a contract between God and tribes of Israel

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13
Q

The Phoenicians contributions to the ancient near East included which of the following

A

A simplified alphabet and system of writing

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14
Q

The Assyrians are important in history for their innovations in which of the following

A

Empire building

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15
Q

The Polis was the Greek name for which of the following

A

City-state

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16
Q

The Greek Polis put primary emphasis on which of the following

A

Cooperation between its citizens for the common welfare

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17
Q

For whom was the battle of Marathon a victory

A

The Athenian hoplites

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18
Q

Which of the following best describes the Delian league?

A

It became an instrument of Athenian imperialism

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19
Q

Which of the following occurred during the Age of Pericles?

A

Athenians became deeply attached to their democratic system

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20
Q

The Peloponnesian War resulted in which if the following

A

The defeat of Athens and the collapse of it empire

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21
Q

Which of the following was not one of Phillips II’s military reforms?

A

He abandoned the phalanx formation as too ineffective and innefficent

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22
Q

Alexander the Great’s troops rebelled when he made the decision to invade which country?

A

India

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23
Q

Scholarship on the legacy of Alexander the Great has suggested he sought to do what?

A

Emulate the Homeric warrior-hero Achilles

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24
Q

The Hellenistic era is best described by which development?

A

The extension and imitation of Greek culture throughout the ancient Near East

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25
Q

Which of the following was NOT a major source of slaves in the Hellenistic world?

A

Citizens who could not pay their debts were sold into slavery

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26
Q

How did Greek religion change during the Hellenistic period?

A

The Greeks became very receptive to the eastern religious mystery cults

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27
Q

Julius Caesar is best know for which of the following

A

He led military commands in Spain and especially Gaul that enhanced his popularity

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28
Q

Rome was established in the first millennium B.C.E. In which location?

A

On the plain of Latium

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29
Q

Which of the following innovations enabled Romans to erect giant amphitheater, public baths, and high-rise tenement buildings?

A

Concrete

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30
Q

The Roman Senate played what role in Roman politics

A

It could only advise the magistrates in legal matters

31
Q

Romans did not readily accept any of the following Greek philosophies except which?

A

Stoicism, because of its emphasis on virtue and duty

32
Q

Under the rule of Augustus the Roman Empire is best described how?

A

It turned toward an absolute monarchy, with the princeps overshadowing the senate

33
Q

Imperial Rome’s gladiatorial shows are bestvdeacribed how?

A

They were government-backed spectacles used to content the masses

34
Q

The largest area of Roman innovation in architecture was what

A

The use of concrete on a massive scale

35
Q

The last great persecution of Christians was ordered by whom

A

Diocletian

36
Q

The most important figure in early Christianity after Jesus be as whom

A

Paul of Tarsus

37
Q

Constantine’s most enduring reform came in the creation of which of the following?

A

The “New Rome”

38
Q

Pope Gregory the great was responsible for all of the following EXCEPT which?

A

Writing the Ecclesiastical Hisyory of the English People

39
Q

Justinian most important lasting contribution to Westen Civilization was which of the following?

A

His codification of Roman Law

40
Q

Muhammad’s flight from Mecca to Medina in 622 is known as what?

A

Hegira

41
Q

Which of the following is NOT a similarity between Christianity and Islam?

A

Both Mahammad and Jesus considered themselves to be devine

42
Q

Muslim societies abide by a strict code of law, called what?

A

the shari’a

43
Q

Who wrote The Life of Charlmemagne and account of Charlemagne’s achievements?

A

Einhard

44
Q

Which of the following best describes the early Middle Ages?

A

A small population subsisted on a limiting agricultural economy

45
Q

Hiwnid the Lord-vassal relationship in the Germanic practice of medieval Europe best described?

A

It was an honorable relationship between free men

46
Q

By the early eleventh century how is the Byzantine Empire best described?

A

Having achieved a new brilliance of power and influence under then Macedonians

47
Q

Each is true of the ideal civilized behavior known as chivalry EXPECPT which of the following

A

Chivalry was developed without the influence of the church

48
Q

How are marriages among the aristocracy of the High Middle Ages best described?

A

They were expected to establish political appliances between families and increase their wealth

49
Q

How are students in medieval universities best described

A

They often engaged in quarrels with one another and in confrontations with townspeople

50
Q

How is the curriculum of the medieval university best described

A

It consisted of the trivium and quadtrivium

51
Q

The Magna Carta could be best described as which of the following

A

An affirmation of the traditional rights of baron

52
Q

Parliament to j England originally a rose from which of the following

A

Kings need to collect new taxes

53
Q

In general monasteries performed each role except which one of the following?

A

They formed clerical guilds for priest and nuns

54
Q

Which of the following was NOT a result of the Crusades

A

The steady growth in power of the Middle Eastern crusade states

55
Q

All were reaction to the great plagues expect which of the following

A

A reduction in the persecution of religious minorities because of the displeasurebit caused to God

56
Q

Which of the following occurred during the Black Death

A

Jews were accused of causing the plague by poisoning town wells

57
Q

Which of the following is a key economic conditions sequence of the plague

A

A decline in manorialism and weakening of feudalism as noble landlords desperate for cash converted peasant labor service to market rents, freeing their serfs

58
Q

Joan of Arc saved France by inspiring what French soldier to break English siege of which city?

A

Orleans

59
Q

Which of the followijgnbest characterizes popular religion in the eve of the Reformation?

A

People sought certainty of salvation through a variety of means, including the veneration of relics and the purchase of indulgences

60
Q

Luther religious crisis came to a head over which of his growing beliefs

A

No amount of good works could satisfy Gods righteouness

61
Q

For Lutherbwhatbwas the only sure source of truth and the only reliable path of faith, other than justification?

A

The Bible

62
Q

Luther break with the church was promoted by which of the following

A

Widespread sale of indulgences by preaching monks

63
Q

What was luthersbl position in the sacraments of the Catholic Church

A

He rejected all of them except baptism and communion of the Lords supper

64
Q

Though Luther was condemned why did he survive

A

He was protected by the Electir of Saxony

65
Q

Which of the following was a central belief of Lutheranism

A

Justification is by faith alone

66
Q

Who was the CHIEF rival of the Holy Roman Emperir Charles V?

A

Francis I of France

67
Q

Luther is ideas were most readily accepted in which country

A

Scandinavia

68
Q

“Bloody Mary” Tudor earned her nickname by expecting more than 300 members of which group?

A

Protestants

69
Q

How is Englands Queen Elizabeth best described?

A

As a moderate Protestant

70
Q

Which of the following is among the chief characteristics of John Calvins reform movement?

A

Predestination and the absolute soverignth of God

71
Q

England break with the Roman church became official with the passage of which act?

A

Act of Supremacy

72
Q

Calvin believed that salvation might be indicated by which of the following?

A

A decent and godly life

73
Q

How did the Reformation affect the development of education in Europe?

A

It expanded public access to primary schooling and improving secondary schooling through the gymnasium

74
Q

How us the Reformation in England under Henry VIII best described?

A

It was triggered by Henrys desire for male heir.

Western Civ (1 decks)

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