Teat lesions Flashcards
what are some infectious causes of teat lesion?
warts (bovine papillomatosis)
pdeudo-cowpox
bovine herpes mammilitis
black spot
cow pox
udder impetigo
what are some non-infectious teat lesions?
hyperkeratosis
photosensitisation
chapped teats
cut teats
teat peas
teat stenosis
blind teats
what age animals normally get warts (bovine papillomatosis)?
younger heifers
what age animals is bovine papillomatosis seen in?
younger cattle
why is bovine papillomatosis problematic?
harbour bacteria in skin folds
poor liner attachment leading to difficulty milking
pain can make milking/suckling difficult
how is bovine papillomatosis treated?
most self cure, but can remove with ligation/surgery/cryosurgery
what can be used to control bovine papillomatosis in severe cases?
autogenous vaccine can be produced
what is a risk factor for bovine papillomatosis transmission?
flies (need effective fly control)
what type of pathogen causes pseudocowpox?
virus
what virus causes pseudocowpox?
parapox
what lesions are seen in pseudocowpox cases?
circular or horse shoe shaped scabs
are pseudocowpox lesions painful?
no
how infectious is pseudocowpox?
moderatley, will see multiple cows with lesions and can recur
how is pseudocowpox treated?
premilking teat dip
what lesions are seen in bovine herpes mammilitis cases?
vesicles that burst to become very inflamed and painful
what disease could a bovine herpes mammilitis case be similar to?
foot and mouth (vesicles)
what pathogen causes bovine herpes mammilitis?
bovine herpes virus 2
what lesions are seen in cowpox cases?
painful vesicles, ulcers and scabs that take weeks to heal
how commonly is black spot seen?
very common
what is black spot?
damage to teat end (from things such as excessive vacuum) with a secondary infection of Fusobacterium necrophorum
what pathogen causes black spot?
Fusobacterium necrophorum
how is milk spot treated?
topical antibiotics and a teat cannula
what is udder/teat impetigo?
pustular lesions on skin usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus
what is the causative agent of teat impetigo?
Staphylococcus aureus
how is teat impetigo treated?
post-milking teat dip
antiseptic udder creams
what can cause chapped teats?
worn teat liners
poor teat skin care
calf suckling
what is the function of pre-milking teat dip?
remove any organisms on skin that might enter the udder during milking
what are the constituents of a teat dip?
disinfectant (iodine, chlorhexidine, lactic acid…)
emollient
dye
sticking agent
what is a teat pea?
pedunculate granuloma attached to the wall of the teat canal that blocks the flow of milk
how can teat peas be treated?
removal by Hudson’s spiral inserted by rotating up teat canal
mosquito forceps up canal to tear it off
prophylactic antibiotics when removed
what usually causes teat stenosis?
sequelae to trauma
how is teat stenosis treated?
local and sedation then insert teat knife
cover with antibiotics and teat cannula
what is the prognosis for teat stenosis?
guarded as they can form scar tissue when healing leading to more stenosis
how can cut teats be treated?
sedate and life hindlimb
use a ring block around base of teat then clean and debride
suture closed the wound
