TEAS SCIENCE STUDY GUIDE PART ONE

Question 1

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 1

an explanation formulated to answer the question being investigated.

Question 2

What are the steps of forming a hypothesis?

Answer 2

1. Identify the problem
2. Ask questions
3. Form hypothesis

Question 3

What are the steps of the scientific method?

Answer 3

1. Identify the problem
2. Ask questions
3. form hypothesis
4. Data collection and experimentation
5. Analysis
6. Conclusion

Question 4

What is data collection?

Answer 4

collection of data to test the hypothesis in a controlled environment.

Question 5

What are the 4 steps of data collection?

Answer 5

observation
measurement
samples
organization

Question 6

What is observation?

Answer 6

scientists use the 5 senses to learn as much as possible during data collection.

Question 7

What is measurement?

Answer 7

collection of quantitative data

Question 8

What are samples?

Answer 8

scientists obtain data from a subset of the population

Question 9

What is organization?

Answer 9

placing information into tables and charts

Question 10

What is experimentation?

Answer 10

Comparing a control group and an experimental group

Question 11

What is analysis?

Answer 11

Researchers must determine if the data is reliable and whether or not it supports the hypothesis

Question 12

What is conclusion?

Answer 12

scientists produce models to represent the explanation supported by the data.

Question 13

What is a theory?

Answer 13

a broad statement of what is thought to be true

Question 14

If the results of a experiment cannot be duplicated,

Answer 14

the argument loses its credibility.

Question 15

What is deductive reasoning?

Answer 15

a method whereby conclusions follow general principles

Question 16

What is inductive reasoning?

Answer 16

a method of arriving at general principles from specific facts.

Question 17

I observed the sun setting this evening.
I have observed the sun setting daily, hundreds of times in my lifetime.
Based on these two statements, what general conclusion can be drawn?

Answer 17

Inductive reasoning can be used to conclude that the sun sets every day.

Question 18

All men are mortal.
Sultan is a man.
Based on these two statements, what general conclusion can be drawn?

Answer 18

Deductive reasoning can be used to conclude that Sultan is a mortal.

Question 19

What is anatomy?

Answer 19

study of the structure of organs and body systems

Question 20

What is physiology?

Answer 20

the study of the function of the organ and body systems

Question 21

What are atoms?

Answer 21

the smallest parts of elements that still retain all the original properties of the element.

Question 22

What is a molecule?

Answer 22

chemical bonding of atoms that possesses its own characteristics independent of the atoms themselves.

Question 23

What are cells?

Answer 23

the basic unit of all life

Question 24

What are tissues?

Answer 24

when cells combine in terms of function and type

Question 25

What is a organ?

Answer 25

when two or more tissues work together to perform a specific function

Question 26

What is an organ system?

Answer 26

when organs work together to perform a specific task

Question 27

How many organ systems are there in the human body?

Answer 27

11

Question 28

What is the hierarchy of the structures in the human body from smallest to largest?

Answer 28

``` Atoms Molecules Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organism ```

Question 29

What are the four basic tissue types in humans?

Answer 29

epithelial connective muscle nervous

Question 30

What are the two functions of epithelial tissue?

Answer 30

provides covering | produces secretions

Question 31

Does epithelial tissue have its own blood supply?

Answer 31

no

Question 32

Epithelial tissue is usually arranged in

Answer 32

sheets

Question 33

How does epithelial tissue obtain food and oxygen?

Answer 33

diffusion from nearby capillaries

Question 34

If well nourished, epithelial tissue can

Answer 34

regenerate easily

Question 35

Epithelial tissues are classified by

Answer 35

number of cell layers | cell shape

Question 36

Simple epithelium contains

Answer 36

one layer of cells

Question 37

What types of body structures would you find simple epithelium?

Answer 37

structures where absorption, secretion and filtration occur.

Question 38

Stratified epithelium contains

Answer 38

more than one layer of cells

Question 39

What is the purpose of stratified epithelium?

Answer 39

protection

Question 40

What are the three shapes of epithelium?

Answer 40

squamous cuboidal columnar

Question 41

What is the function of connective tissue?

Answer 41

connect different structures of the body

Question 42

Does connective tissue have its own blood supply?

Answer 42

most of the time

Question 43

What specific type of connective tissue does not contain its own blood supply?

Answer 43

ligaments

Question 44

What are the different types of connective tissue?

Answer 44

bone cartilage adipose blood vessel

Question 45

What is the function of muscle tissue?

Answer 45

producing movement

Question 46

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Answer 46

skeletal cardiac smooth

Question 47

What are voluntary movements?

Answer 47

movements controlled by the brain

Question 48

skeletal muscle is under _______ control

Answer 48

voluntary

Question 49

What is involuntary control?

Answer 49

cannot be consciously controlled

Question 50

Smooth muscle is under ______ control

Answer 50

involuntary

Question 51

Where would you find smooth muscle?

Answer 51

in the walls of hollow organs such as intestines, blood vessels, bladder and uterus

Question 52

Cardiac muscle is

Answer 52

under involuntary control and only found in the heart

Question 53

What is nervous tissue?

Answer 53

provides the structure for the brain, spinal cord and nerves

Question 54

What are nerves?

Answer 54

neurons that send electrical impulses throughout the body

Question 55

What are myelin?

Answer 55

support cells that help protect nervous tissue

Question 56

What is the circulatory system?

Answer 56

cardiovascular system

Question 57

What is the circulatory system made of?

Answer 57

heart, blood vessels, and blood

Question 58

What is the function of the circulatory system?

Answer 58

circulation and distribution of various substances throughout the body

Question 59

Hormones released from the endocrine system influence

Answer 59

blood pressure

Question 60

The urinary system helps regulate

Answer 60

blood volume and pressure by adjusting urine volume

Question 61

The nervous system controls

Answer 61

blood pressure, heart rate distribution of blood throughout the body

Question 62

In women, estrogen helps

Answer 62

preserve vascular heath

Question 63

The integumentary system allows heat to escape by

Answer 63

dilating superficial blood vessels

Question 64

Blood cells are formed in

Answer 64

the marrow of the bones in the skeletal system

Question 65

The digestive system consists of

Answer 65

all the organs from the mouth to the anus involved with the breakdown of food

Question 66

What are the organs of the digestive system?

Answer 66

``` mouth esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine rectum anus ```

Question 67

The digestive system produces

Answer 67

enzymes

Question 68

What is the function of enzymes?

Answer 68

they break down food so that the nutrients can be easily passed into the blood for use throughout the body.

Question 69

Any food that is not digested is

Answer 69

expelled through the anus

Question 70

Where does the absorption of nutrients occur?

Answer 70

small intestine

Question 71

What are the parts of the small intestine?

Answer 71

duodenum jejunum ileum

Question 72

After absorption occurs, the _______ removes water that remains

Answer 72

colon

Question 73

The liver produces

Answer 73

bile that breaks down fats

Question 74

What is the function of the pancreas?

Answer 74

delivers enzymes to the small intestine that aid in digestion.

Question 75

What is the function of the endocrine system?

Answer 75

control of bodily functions

Question 76

What is the function of endocrine glands?

Answer 76

secretion of hormones that travel through the blood to the organs

Question 77

What does the integumentary system consist of?

Answer 77

skin mucous membranes hair nails

Question 78

What is the function of the integumentary system?

Answer 78

protection of internal tissues from injury waterproofing the body temperature regulation

Question 79

What is a pathogen?

Answer 79

microorganisms capable of producing disease.

Question 80

The integumentary system serves as a barrier to

Answer 80

pathogens

Question 81

What is the relationship between the respiratory and digestive systems and the integumentary system?

Answer 81

they provide oxygen and nutrients to the skin

Question 82

What is the relationship between the cardiovascular and integumentary systems?

Answer 82

oxygen and nutrients for the skin travel through blood vessels

Question 83

What is the relationship between the lymphatic and integumentary systems?

Answer 83

lymphatic system picks up excess fluid from the skin to avoid swelling

Question 84

The skeletal system provides _______ to the integumentary system

Answer 84

shape and support

Question 85

Hormones from the _____ regulate hair growth and hydration

Answer 85

endocrine system

Question 86

The skin serves to protect

Answer 86

internal organs

Question 87

The muscular system generates heat that

Answer 87

is expelled through the skin as sweat

Question 88

The urinary system activates

Answer 88

vitamin D

Question 89

The nervous system regulates

Answer 89

the production of sweat interprets stimuli adjusts the diameter of blood vessels

Question 90

What does the lymphatic system consist of?

Answer 90

``` lymph nodes lymph vessels spleen thymus tonsils ```

Question 91

What is lymph?

Answer 91

a clear fluid rich in antibodies

Question 92

The lymphatic system supports the immune system by

Answer 92

housing and transporting white blood cells to and from lymph nodes

Question 93

The lymphatic system returns fluid that has leaked from the cardiovascular system

Answer 93

back into the blood vessels.

Question 94

Acidic secretions in the reproductive and integumentary systems help the lymphatic system by

Answer 94

preventing bacterial growth