Teas 5 Flashcards
What’s the innate (nonspecific)? Adaptive (specific)?
1st line of defense, (skin,mucous, digestive enzymes)
2nd line of defense (fever, inflammation, phagocytosis )
3rd Line of defense
What do Natural killer cells target?
Chemotaxis
Lyse
Diapedesis
Infereon
Cancer and virus cells. Produce pore forming proteins
Wbc respond to damaged body tissue
Rupture
Squeeze through capillary beds, guided to damage or infection
Keep viruses from spreading
Salivary Amylase is secreted from?
What 2 hormones do the first part of the small intestine (duodenum) secrete?
Parotid salivary gland
Cck & secretin
Why is it important to repeat an experiment?
6 parts of a scientific argument?
Name 4 steps data collection uses?
Make sure your experiment is thorough and you get the results you want every time the experiment is repeated.
Identify problem, ask questions, form a hypothesis, experiment and collect data, analyze data, conclude your experiment.
Observation, measurement, sample, organization.
Deductive / inductive reasoning
Deductive- form a conclusion from assumption
Inductive- form a conclusion from facts
Anatomy (define)
Physiology (define)
Name structure of human body from smallest to largest
Study of organs and body systems
Function of organs and body systems
Atoms( smallest unit of life)
Molecules ( 2 or more arms are joined)
Cells (basic unit of life)
Tissue
Organs ( 2 or more tissues form to function)
Organ system ( work together to perform a task)
Organism (all organ systems working together in the body)
List 4 tissue types
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Skeletal
Functions of epithelial tissue and where is it found? Does it have blood vessels?
protection
secretion
Absorption
excretion
Found= digestive tract, kidneys, urethra, skin.
It doesn’t have a blood supply
Functions of connective tissue, where is it found, is there a blood supply?
Support, protect, and bind organs.
Spleen, ligaments, tendons, bones, bone marrow
Has its own blood supply except for ligaments
Functions of muscular tissue, name 3 types of tissue, does it have a blood supply?
Produces movement.
Skeletal( supports voluntary movement, controlled by brain)
Cardiac( involuntary movement only found in the heart)
Smooth( involuntary movements, found in intestines, blood vessels, bladder, & uterus)
Function of nervous tissue, where is it found?
Neurons send electrical impulses throughout the body.
Brain, spinal cord, & nerves.
Trace the way blood travels through the heart?
- ) Deoxygenated blood comes from superior/ inferior vena cavae.
- )Travels into right atria, through the tricuspid valve.
- ) Down into the right ventricle
- ) Goes up into the pulmonary valve, into pulmonary artery, goes into lungs where gas exchange happen.
- ) Leaves the lungs oxygenated, back in the pulmonary veins
- ) into left atria, down through mitral valve
- ) into left ventricle, goes up into the aortic valve, to the aorta.
- ) Aorta distributes it to the body.
Arteries take blood______.
Veins take blood _____.
Away from the heart.
To the heart.
Where Does oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange happen?
What is the makeup of lungs?
in the alveoli in the lungs
trachea, bronchial tubes, alveoli, diaphragm
Central Nervous System is composed of?
Peripheral Nervous System is composed of? Name the 2 systems the PNS is divided into?
Spinal Cord, brain.
Cranial/ spinal nerves.
Autonomic Nervous System- controls automatic body functions like heartbeat and digestion.
Sensory-Somatic Nervous System- Controls voluntary movements such as walking and talking. 12 pairs cranial nerves 31 pairs of spinal nerves.
What are the functions of the liver, spleen and pancreas?
Spleen (Lymphatic System) Filters blood
Pancreas (Digestive-Exocrine, Endocrine Systems) Releases 2 hormones CCK & Secretin in the duodenum of the small intestine to help with digestion.
Releases 2 hormone insulin & glucagon to help with regulating blood sugar levels.
Liver(Digestion & Urinary) Produces bile to breakdown fats in small intestines.
Produces urea the kidneys can excrete it out.
Functions of lymphatic system.
Supports the immune system by transporting WBC to and from lymph nodes, returns fluid that has leaked from cardiovascular system back in the blood vessels.
Structure (6) / Function of kidney
- Renal Pelvis
- Renal Medulla
- Renal Pelvis
- Renal Capsule
- Renal vein & artery
- ureters
Removes waste products from the body
Where are proteins, fats, and carbs broken down?
What enzymes are used to help breakdown?
Where does most digestion take place?
Which division of the nervous system helps with digestion?
Proteins (stomach)
Carbs (mouth)
Fats (small intestine)
Protease(Proteins)
Carbs (Salivary amylase, released by parotid salivary gland)
Fats(Pancreatic enzymes, released by secretin)
Small Intestines
Autonomic Nervous System
What factors influence birth/ fertility rates? (10)
- religion
- culture
- economy
- employment
- government
- education
- literacy
- infant morality rates
- abortions
- accessibility of family planning
What is taxonomy?
Name the 6 kingdoms & 3 domains.
Classification of organisms
K: animalia, fungi, plantae, Protista, eubacteria, archaebacteria
D: archae, eukarya, eubacteria
Name the biological classification system, starting with the least specific.
Kingdom Animalia (all animals) Phylum Chordata (animals w/ backbone) Class Mammalia ( all mammals) Order Carnivore (meat eaters) Family Ursidas ( bear family) Genus Ursus (grizzly & brown bear) Species Ursus Actos (grizzly bear)
Natural Selection
Genes
Adaptation
Mutations
Species are better able to survive and reproduce in their environment than others
Provide info. For organisms characteristics. Responsible for hereditary
Species that that survive better in a certain environment
Changes in DNA affects the way it functions
What is a nucleotide made of?
Name the 5 nitrogenous bases?
Pentose (sugar), phosphate,(found in back of DNA & RNA links bases together, nitrogenous base) ( encodes genetic info in cells)
Adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine,uracil.
Thymine found in DNA, Uracil found in RNA.
