TE Glossary

Question 1

Assignment Statement

Answer 1

An assignment sets the value in a storage location denoted by a variable name.

Question 2

Boolean Expression

Answer 2

An expression using comparison or logical operators and the evaluated value is a boolean result.

Question 3

Branch

Answer 3

A branch represents an independent line of development separate from the main development.

Question 4

Code Smell

Answer 4

A code smell is any symptom in the code of a program that possibly indicates there is a deeper problem, violation of fundamental design principles, or an impact to design quality. Duplicate code is often an indication of a code smell.

Question 5

Camel Case

Answer 5

A naming convention where the first letter starts with a lower-case letter and each subsequent word starts with a capital letter.

Question 6

Constant

Answer 6

A constant is a value that cannot be altered during execution of the program.

Question 7

Constructor

Answer 7

A constructor is a special method of a class that initializes an object of that type. Constructors have the same name as the class and can be used to set the values to default values or user-defined values.

Question 8

Declaration Statement

Answer 8

A declaration statement introduces a new variable by providing a data type and a name that it can be referenced by.

Question 9

Exception

Answer 9

An anomaly or exceptional condition that requires special processing.

Question 10

Instantiate

Answer 10

Instantiation is the creation of an instance of an object from a template such as a class.

Question 11

Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

Answer 11

A software application that unifies several programming tools commonly used by programmers to develop software. An IDE normally consists of a source code editor with intelligent code completion, build and run automation, and a debugger.

Question 12

Interfaces

Answer 12

An interface is a contract. It specifies how a software component could be used by indicating what behavior it needs to implement but not how.

Question 13

Layer of Abstraction

Answer 13

A concept that sits on top of a more basic concept that makes is easier to solve problems. For example, a programming language like Java or C# is a layer of abstraction on top of the C programming language. C, in turn, is a layer of abstraction on top of the underlying CPU and hardware the program is running on.

Question 14

Local Repository

Answer 14

A local repository refers to a copy of a git repository that resides on your computer.

Question 15

Loosely Coupled

Answer 15

Loose coupling reduces the dependencies that one class has on another so that it depends on it to the least extent possible.

Question 16

Method Signature

Answer 16

Part of the method declaration that indicates the return type, name of the method, and input parameters.

public int MultiplyBy(int multiplicand, int multiplier)
{
int result = multiplicand * multiplier;

return result;
}

Question 17

Overloaded Method

Answer 17

Method overloading allows a class to have several methods with the same name for flexibility. In order for it to be valid though, the parameter signatures must be different between each overloaded method.

Question 18

Pascal Case

Answer 18

A naming convention where the first letter starts with an upper-case letter and each subsequent word starts with a capital letter.

Question 19

Platform

Answer 19

A platform is the basic hardware and software on which applications can be run.

Question 20

Remote Repository

Answer 20

A remote repository is a copy of a git repository located on a centralized server. Team members push commits to the remote repository when they are ready to share with the rest of the team.

Question 21

Scope

Answer 21

Scope refers to the visibility of variables. If code can access a variable, it is in scope. If code cannot access a variable, it is out of scope.

Question 22

Tightly Coupled

Answer 22

Tightly coupled code tends to make changes in one module have a ripple effect throughout the other modules due to inter-module dependency. Tightly coupled code is not flexible.

Question 23

For Loop

Answer 23

Used when you want code to repeat a defined number of times (e.g. one time for each element in an array)

Customizable but difficult syntax - can start and end wherever, reverse direction, retrieve only certain items

initializer, condition, iterator/increment

for(int i = 0; i < animals.Length; i++)

Question 24

Initializer (for loop)

Answer 24

The statement (or set of statements) that set the initial state. This is executed one time before the loop begins. Declares a local loop variable.

Question 25

Condition(for loop)

Answer 25

Before running the body of the loop, the expression is evaluated.

Question 26

Iterator (for loop)

Answer 26

A statement (or set of statements) that execute at the end of each pass through the loop. If condition remains true, the body of the for loop executes again.

Question 27

Array

Answer 27

Size is fixed zero-based index [] = new [];

Question 28

List

Answer 28

is type. Size is not fixed. Zero-based index. Needs a foreach loop to iterate through the list. Needs: using System.Collections.Generic; Create: List names = new List(); Adding/removing values: names.Add/Remove("Luke")

Question 29

Foreach loop

Answer 29

Iterates through the collection. Straightforward syntax, not customizable only moves forward from first item, every item is retrieved foreach(string name in names)

Question 30

Stack

Answer 30

(LIFO) last-in, first-out data structure. Push adds while pop removes. Rare. Commonly used when applications need an undo feature

Question 31

Queue

Answer 31

(FIFO) first-in, first-out. Used when there's a need for a system that manages a collection of items in the order the items are added. Ex. Call center holds customers in the order they call. Enqueue adds while dequeue removes

Question 32

Dictionary

Answer 32

Associative array. Consists of key-value pairs. Unordered data structure. Dictionary identifier = new Dictionary(); ``` Dictionary people = new Dictionary() { { "Luke", true }, { "Han", false}, { "Chewbacca", false }, { "Yoda", true }, { "Leia", true } }; ```

Question 33

Encapsulation

Answer 33

The bundling of an object's state and behaviors together. Part of OOP

Question 34

Inheritance

Answer 34

The act of having one class adopt the properties and methods of another class. This prevents code duplication and allows you to share code across classes while having the source code live in only one class file

Question 35

Polymorphism

Answer 35

The idea that something can be assigned a different meaning or usage based on its context. This specifically allows variables and objects to take on more than one form.