TCP/IP Stack

Question 1

what is the TCIP/IP stack

Answer 1

it defines the rules referring to tranmission of data packets

Question 2

what is the role of the IP

Answer 2

controls the delivery of the packets

Question 3

what is the role of TCP

Answer 3

keeps track of the packets and re-assembles them on receipt

Question 4

how much layers are there

Answer 4

4

Question 5

what is a protocol

Answer 5

a set of rules

Question 6

what are the 4 layers

Answer 6

application
transport
network
link

Question 7

give 2 roles of the application layer

Answer 7

• selectes the appropraite protocol for communication
  interact with the user via appropriate application software

Question 8

give 2 roles of the transport layer

Answer 8

• established end to end communication
• communication split into packets by transpor layer and re assemled by receiver
• chooses a port number for client and destination

Question 9

give 2 roles of the network layer

Answer 9

• supplies appropriate IP addresses for source and destination
• involved with packet routing
• combination of IP address and port = socket

Question 10

give 2 roles of the link layer

Answer 10

• recieves packets from the network layer and adds MAC addresses
• adds frame header and footer to packets
• deals with physical connection

Question 11

give the 6 protocols needed to know in the application layer

Answer 11

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure)
POP3 (Post Office Protocol (v3))
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
SSH (Secure Shell).

Question 12

explain what HTTP does

Answer 12

enables the transfer of data between a client and a server

Question 13

explain what POP3 does

Answer 13

email protocol used to retrieve emails from a mail server to a local client

Question 14

explain what FTP does

Answer 14

used for transferring files between a client and a server over the internet or LAN

Question 15

explain what SSH does

Answer 15

securely access and manage devices over a network

Question 16

explain what SMTP does

Answer 16

sends emails from a mail client to a mail server or between servers

Question 17

explain the client server model

Answer 17

• client sends a request to the server, server responds to request by replying with a response message to the client
• the client is dependnt on the server to provide and manage the information

Question 18

explain what a web socket is

Answer 18

a set of rules that creates a persistent connection between 2 computers on na network to enable real time collaboration

Question 19

what does CRUD stand for

Answer 19

create, retrieve, update and delete

Question 20

how does REST map HTTP methods to SQL operations

Answer 20

• GET - SELECT
• POST - INSERT
• PUT - UPDATE
• DELETE - DELETE

Question 21

what does rest stand for

Answer 21

representational state transfer

Question 22

what does REST rely on to work in web applications

Answer 22

HTTP request methods

Question 23

how does REST connect a database to the browser

Answer 23

through HTTP methods handled by a REST API on the server

Question 24

what role does javascript play in a REST web application

Answer 24

sends the HTTP requests to the servers API

Question 25

what formats can be used to send data between the server and browser in a RESR application

Answer 25

JSON or XML

Question 26

give 2 advantages of JSON over XML

Answer 26

* easier for a human to read * more compact * easier to create * easier for computers to parse so therefore quicker

Question 27

if a thin client is set up, how will this affect the hardware on both the terminals and the server

Answer 27

* higher bandwidth connection required * slower processor, reduced RAM on computer * sever must have alot of processors and increased RAM