TCP/IP: Specific Protocols

Question 1

What are the 4 TCP/IP conceptual layers?

Answer 1

Network Interface Layer
Internet Layer
Transport Layer
Application Layer

Question 2

Organize the 7 OSI layers into the 4 TCP/IP layers.

Answer 2

Network Interface: Physical, Data Link
Internet: Network
Transport: Transport
Application: Session, Presentation, Application

Question 3

Describe the 4 TCP/IP layers.

Answer 3

• Network Interface: receiving datagrams from the Internet Layer and transmitting them over the physical medium
• Internet layer: providing host-to-host communication (packets encapsulated, control messages are sent, routing algorithms are run)
• Transport layer: communication between applications on different devices
• Application layer: provides for applications like FTP, telnet, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

Question 4

What is the data packet called that TCP sends to IP?

Answer 4

TCP segment

Question 5

What is the data unit called that is sent to the network interface from IP?

Answer 5

IP datagram

Question 6

What is the data stream transmitted by an Ethernet device?

Answer 6

Frame

Question 7

What is equivalent to a UDP datagram?

Answer 7

TCP segment

Question 8

What was the fundamental protocol on which the Internet was based?

Answer 8

Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4)

Question 9

What is TCP?

Answer 9

Transmission Control Protocol. A transport layer, connection-oriented, end-to-end protocol. Governs the exchange of sequential data.

Question 10

What do applications use to determine the internal routing of data?

Answer 10

Source and destination ports

Question 11

What indicates where the data begins in a packet?

Answer 11

Data offset

Question 12

What is UDP?

Answer 12

User Datagram Protocol - a connectionless transport layer protocol

Question 13

UDP is an interface between what and what?

Answer 13

IP and upper layer processes

Question 14

T/F: UDP protocol ports distinguish multiple applications running on a single device from one another.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

T/F: UDP adds reliability, flow control, and error recovery to IP

Answer 15

False. TCP does this.

Question 16

Where is UDP used?

Answer 16

Situations where reliability of TCP is not necessary (higher layer protocols might do error and flow control)

Question 17

T/F: SNMP, DHCP, and RIP use TCP, not UDP.

Answer 17

False. They use UDP.

Question 18

T/F: UDP is an example of a connection-oriented protocol.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Why does UDP have an increase in speed?

Answer 19

• has less overhead
• is connectionless
• no error recovery

Question 20

TCP is to _____ as UDP is to _____ .

• a telephone call or two-way radio
• pushing a domino over so that it hits a marble that rolls into a bucket.

Answer 20

This is silly. TCP is reliable while UDP is not.

Question 21

Which layer receives datagrams from the Internet layer and transmits them over the physical medium?

Answer 21

Network

Question 22

Which layer provides host-to-host communication?

Answer 22

Internet

Question 23

Which layer provides communication between applications on different devices?

Answer 23

Transport

Question 24

Which layer provides for applications like FTP, SMTP, Telnet?

Answer 24

Application

Question 25

What is a frame?

Answer 25

Data streamed by an Ethernet device.

Question 26

What 4 things does the UDP packet contain?

Answer 26

Source port
Destination port
Length
UDP Checksum