TCP/IP Model

Question 1

List some high speed internet connections (Home or SOHO)…

Answer 1

Optical fibre, DSL, CATV.

Question 2

List some home connectivity devices (Home or SOHO)…

Answer 2

Router, switches, ethernet cable, access point.

Question 3

List some end devices (Home or SOHO)…

Answer 3

PC, smartphone.

Question 4

List some high speed internet connections (Enterprise)…

Answer 4

Satellite link, fibre optical link

Question 5

What is a Hybrid Network Structure?

Answer 5

• Made up of 4 WAN’s and 2 LAN’s

- Has multiple topologies

Question 6

List some network nodes…

Answer 6

Layer 2/3 switches, router, bridge.

Question 7

What is the purpose of a switched LAN?

Answer 7

• The switches break up collision domains

- Creates single broadcast domain

Question 8

List some common LAN traffic congestions…

Answer 8

Multicasting, low bandwidth, broadcast storms.

Question 9

List examples of protocols in Layer 5 Application…

Answer 9

HTTP, POP3, SMTP, IMAP, DNS, DHCP, SIP, Telnet, NTP, SSH, TLS, SNMP, FTP.

Question 10

List examples of protocols in Layer 4 Application…

Answer 10

TCP, UDP, SCTP.

Question 11

List examples of protocols in Layer 3 Application…

Answer 11

IPv4, IPv6, ICMP, ICMPv6, ARP.

Question 12

List examples of protocols in Layer 1 and Layer 2 Application…

Answer 12

Ethernet, 802.11, PPP, HDLC.

Question 13

List the advantages of layering…

Answer 13

• Simplifies networking model
• Programmers to specialize in particular levels
• Provides design modularity
• Standardized interfaces

Question 14

Typical functions of the transport layer…

Answer 14

• Provides: sender and receiver data, Error control, Flow control, Congestion control
• Data sent by a connectionless transport is called a datagram or segment

Question 15

Typical functions of the network layer…

Answer 15

• Functions: Software/logical addressing for data packets (IP, IPZ, AppleTalk), Data routing and connectivity, Best path selection
• Responsible for end to end transportation packets

Question 16

Typical functions of the data link layer…

Answer 16

• Provides for the physical layer transmission of data and handles error notification, network topology and flow control
• 2 layers: Logical link control layer (LLC), Media access control layer (MAC)

Question 17

Typical functions of the physical layer…

Answer 17

• Defines the physical characteristics of the network hardware
• Binary digits as voltages (encoding)
• Transmits signals to the wire

Question 18

Typical functions of the application layer…

Answer 18

• Responsibilities: Network service requests (email and web browsers)
• Concerned with user interaction with the computer and network: Telnet, FTP, HTTP, DNS, SMTP and SNMP

Question 19

List some features of routers…

Answer 19

• Will not forward broadcast or multicast packets by default
• Use logical address in a Network layer header to determine the next hop router to forward the packet to
• Routers can use access lists to control security on the types of packets it allows
• Layer 2 bridging functions
• Layer 3 devices provide connections between virtual LANs

Question 20

What is the size of a MAC address in bits and hexadecimal?

Answer 20

• 48 bit physical address written as 12 hexadecimal digit

Question 21

Do logical addresses change from hop to hop? True/False

Answer 21

False. Only physical addresses will change.