Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

NMT300 > TCM Written Midterm Material > Flashcards

TCM Written Midterm Material Flashcards

1
Q

what are common (deficiency) TCM diagnoses for CV concerns?

A

Heart Qi and Yang Def
Heart Blood and Yin Def
Kidney Qi Def
Spleen Qi Def -> Blood Def Def
Kidney Yin Def

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are common (excess) TCM diagnoses for CV concerns?

A

Heart Fire
Stomach Fire
Liver Fire
Liver Yang Rising
Lung Phlegm-Damp
Qi Stagnation: Liver, Heart, Lung
Heart Blood Stagnation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the Dan Tian Centre

A

represents stored energy in the body (in the lower burner)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what energy centres (7) are related to heart disease?

A

Dan Tian centre
Spleen centre
Solar plexus centre
Love and fear
Heart Centre
Throat centre
Head centres - Yintang and GV 20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

in CV conditions, what deficiency condition(s) is paired with the following excess conditions:
- stagnant heart blood (2)
- heart phlegm
- heart fire

A
  • stagnant heart blood (2): heart yang def or heart blood def
  • heart phlegm: spleen Qi def
  • heart fire: heart/kidney Yin Def
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

in CV conditions when there are excess patterns with underlying patterns of deficiency, when do you treat first…
- during aggravations?
- between aggravations?

A
  • during aggravations: emphasis is on dispersing excess
  • between aggravations: emphasis in reducing excess AND reinforcing deficiency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

a disturbance in Heart Spirit can cause ___ and ___ syndromes

A

anxiety and palpitation syndromes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

3 main origins of Heart Spirit disturbance:

A
  • excess
  • stagnation
  • deficiency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

TCM pathologies assoc with peripheral circulation syndromes (3)

A
  • Stagnant Qi and Blood
  • Deficient Blood and Yang
  • Deficient Heart and Kidney Yang
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

TCM pathologies assoc with varicose vein syndromes (3)

A

Stagnant Qi and Blood
Sinking of Spleen Qi
Damp Heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what channels are involved in back pain syndromes?

A
  • Governor and Bladder channels
  • SI and GB channels (to a lesser extent)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does “obstruction” refer to in “Chest Painful Obstruction Syndrome”

A

Obstruction refers to obstruction in circulation of Qi and Blood in the chest by Qi stagnation, Blood stasis, Phlegm, or Cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the 3 types of chest painful obstruction

A
  • Xin Tong (Heart-Pain) - pain in the chest
  • Zhen Xin Tong (True Heart-Pain) - pain in the chest with cyanosis of face, arms, and feet
  • Jue Xin Tong (Breakdown Heart-Pain) - pain in the chest with cold limbs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In Chest Painful Obstruction Syndrome there’s often an interaction b/w ____ and ____ stasis as these two pathogenic factors ____ each other

A

often an interaction b/w Phlegm and Blood stasis
these two pathogenic factors aggravate each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how does Stomach affect Heart and Blood circulation?

A

through the Great Connecting channel which gives the pulse the force to contract and dilate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is usually the first pathogenic factor in developing chest painful obstruction syndrome?

A

liver Qi stagnation - bc Liver is involved in Qi circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how does the character of pain relate to the pathogenic factor that causes it:
- distending pain
- oppression or tightness in chest
- burning pain
- very severe pain
- stabbing pain/knife blade

A
  • distending pain: Qi stagnation
  • oppression or tightness in chest: Phlegm
  • burning pain: Heat
  • very severe pain: Retention of Cold in blood vessels
  • stabbing pain/knife blade: Blood Stasis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how to differentiate Retention of Cold vs Yang Def:

A
  • Yang Def: has aversion to cold and feels cold. limbs feel cold to touch and face is pale
  • Retention of Cold: exposure to cold aggravates but pt has no aversion to cold. limbs feel cold to touch
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In edema, ____ (organ) are the root and ____ (organ) are the end of it. ____ (organ) contributes to feeling of fullness, edema, and Dampness

A

Kidneys are the root and Lungs are the end of it.
Spleen contributes to feeling of fullness, edema, and Dampness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

functions of the Kidney (particularly Kidney Yang) that relates to stages of transformation of fluids:

A
  • Provide necessary heat for Spleen to transform body fluids (therefore, Kidney Yang def -> Spleen Yang Def)
  • Assists Small Intestine in separation of body fluids into pure and impure parts
  • Provide Qi to bladder for Qi transformation
  • Assist Triple Burner transformation and excretion of fluids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

re: Yin Edema
- Aka:
- caused by:
- diagnostic:
- generally treated by:
- subtypes (3)

A
  • Aka: edema of the EMPTY TYPE
  • caused by: DEF OF SPLEEN AND/OR KIDNEYS
  • diagnostic: PITTING EDEMA
  • generally treated by: primary tx of Root, secondary tx of manifestation (tonify Spleen and/or Kidney Yang, resolve dampness and edema)
  • subtypes: Spleen Yang Def, Heart Yang Def, Kidney Yang Def
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

re: Yang Edema

A
  • Aka: edema of the FULL TYPE
  • caused by: external Wind-Water, external Dampness, or Toxic Heat
  • diagnostic: slight pitting edema
  • generally treated by: treating manifestation (expelling wind water, resolving toxic heat or resolving dampness)
  • subtypes: Wind-water invading the Defensive Qi, Toxic heat, Dampness, Damp Heat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

re: Qi Edema
- caused by:
- diagnostic:
- generally treated by:

A
  • caused by: Qi stagnation
  • diagnostic: Edema is NON-PITTING
  • generally treated by: moving Qi, eliminate Stagnation, pacify the Liver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

T/F: Yin and Yang Edema are both considered Empty pathological conditions.

A

F: Yin and Yang Edema are both considered Full pathological conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
in edema, what do edema caused by edema, dampness, and phlegm all have in common?
- dysfunction of transformation, transportation, and excretion of body fluids - can be d/t impairment of fx of Lung, Spleen, or Kidneys (except for cases of edema and Dampness from exterior origin) - are Full aspects of a pathological condition
26
in edema, differentiate the pathologies in: Edema, Dampness, and Phlegm
--Edema - accumulation of body fluids under the skin --Dampness and Phlegm - accumulation of pathological fluids and can cause further pathology
27
how is edema of the upper body treated vs edema of the lower body?
Edema of upper part of the body is treated by diaphoresis Edema of the lower part is treated by diuresis
28
what is something to watch for with herbal formulas for Qi Def?
- appetite changes: manage your eating in 10-15 % increases each day to help with symptoms of Spleen dysfunction (bloating, loose stool)
29
Blood tonics require proper ___ functioning to be effective
require proper Spleen functioning to be effective
30
3 common TCM pathologies in heavy periods
Qi Def Blood-Heat Blood Stasis
31
Blood masses in TCM: - are they moveable or immovable? - what do they feel like? - pain quality? - arise from Yin or Yang organs? - what is the treatment principle?
Blood masses: - immovable - feel hard - pain location is fixed - arises from Yin organs Tx principle: - primarily: invigorate Blood, eliminate stasis, break Blood - secondarily: move Qi
32
Qi masses in TCM: - are they moveable or immovable? - what do they feel like? - pain quality? - arise from Yin or Yang organs? - what is the treatment principle?
- moveable/ come and go/ no fixed location - if assoc pain, it comes and goes as well - arise from Yang organs Tx principle: - primarily: move Qi - secondarily: invigorate Blood
33
what do Phlegm masses feel like? are they moveable?
feels soft on palpation, usually no pain but has a fixed location
34
T/F: in all cases of abdominal masses, there is always an underlying Qi def
True: Deficient Qi fails to transport and transform -> stagnation of Qi and Blood -> masses form
35
treating abdominal masses in beginning vs middle vs late stages
beginning - pathogenic factor is relatively weak so resolve the pathogenic factor (move Qi, invigorate Blood, and resolve Phlegm) middle - body's Qi is weakening and pathogenic factor becomes more prominent - so remove the pathogenic factor and tonify body's Qi simultaneously late stage - pathogenic factor is very prominent and body Qi is very weak so primarily tonify body's Qi and secondarily resolve pathogenic factor
36
TCM perspective of endometriosis - pathogenic factors - pain severity
- dampness is a frequent secondary pathological factor in endometriosis, after Blood stasis - amount of pain depends on severity of Blood stasis (in Western med, there is no direct correl b/w severity of pain and extent of endometriosis)
37
factors in the pathology of endometriosis (4)
THERE IS ALWAYS A KIDNEY DEF and DISHARMONY OF LIVER AND SPLEEN - retention of menses - blood stasis - kidney def (usually kidney Yang def, sometimes kidney Yin def) -> infertility - cold, dampness, damp-phlegm
38
T/F: when treating Endo with TCM principles, we treat both the root and the manifestation
True ie. Tonify Kidneys and invigorate Blood (and if necessary, expel Cold, resolve Dampness)
39
how does the Penetrating Vessel relate to TCM tx in gynecology?
Penetrating Vessel = Sea of Blood any blood pathology (esp Blood stasis) in gynecology should be treated with this vessel
40
how to activate Penetrating Vessel using Acu
opening points: Sp 4 and Pc6 then, use points on the vessel to move Blood (Ki14, Lv 3)
41
how is the directing vessel related to treating gyne issues?
Directing vessel governs Yin and tonifies Kidney Yin also regulates the uterus and can be used to tonify Kidney Yang
42
how to activate Directing Vessel with Acu
opening points: Lu 7 and Ki 6 then, combine these with points on the vessel according to symptoms
43
when would use use the Governing Vessel in gyne tx? why?
only whe there is pronounced Kidney Yang Def bc it governs teh Yang and controls Kidney Yang
44
what are the TCM pathologies (8) that can occur with endometriosis?
liver blood stasis stagnation of cold dampness damp heat damp-phlegm in the uterus kidney yang def kidney yin def blood def
45
how to activate the Governing Vessel with Acu
use SI3 and UB 62 - and can combine with CV4 for Gyne issues
46
Ear Acu: Function of Zero point
general homeostatic balance supportive of other auricular points
47
Ear Acu: function of Shenmen
sedates the mind connects the body and spirit
48
Ear Acu: function of Autonomic (sympathetic) point
balances sympathetic and parasympathetic
49
Ear Acu: function of Thalamus point
cerebral cortex connection regulates excitement, tranquility, sweating, swelling, and shock
50
Ear Acu: function of endocrine point
homeostatic to endocrine levels
51
what (5) auricular points are master points:
zero point shenmen autonomic/ sympathetic thamaus endocrine
52
what (5) auricular points are secondary master points
master oscillation allergy tranquilizer master sensorial master cerebral
53
Ear Acu: function of master oscillator point
balances L and R hemispheres switches contralateral reactivity to ipsilateral reactivity
54
Ear Acu: function of allergy point
reduces inflammatory reactions
55
Ear Acu: function of tranqillizer point
produces a general sedation effect
56
Ear Acu: function of master sensorial point
reduces overwhelming sensations
57
Ear Acu: function of master cerebral point
reduces nervous conditions, negative thinking, and psychosomatic disorders
58
what ear acupoints are used in the NADA protocol
sympathetic/autonomic shen men kidney liver lung (lung 2)
59
what ear acupoints are used in the ACACD protocol
shen men kidney point zero brain sympathetic/autonomic limbic system
60
effects of moxa
restores weakened Yang expels cold and damp courses through the 3 Yin (very deep cold) regulates Qi and Blood
61
what type of pain (origin/TCM dx) do you need to be careful using moxa with?
Excess Heat bc they are already feeling warmth - could be used in pts with a combination pattern of Yin def and Yang def in different areas, just using moxa on the Yang def areas
62
moxa indications (6)
asthma arthritis vomiting diarrhea rheumatic pain abdominal pain
63
treatment principles in applying moxa
treat upper body before lower body treat the back before the front treat the head before the extremities
64
indirect vs direct moxa uses
direct: good for chronic conditions, NDs are not allowed to do this bc of scarring indirect: not touching the skin, can be used on acu points that we don't needle, other acu points, and areas needing heat
65
cupping indications
headache, dizziness cough, asthma pain in tendons d/t wind damp epigastric pain, vomiting, diarrhea, indigestion acute sprains using bleeding techniques w cupping common cold menstrual pain poison snake bite non-ulcerated furuncles Bi syndrome from wind-damp (low back, shoulders, legs)
66
absolute CI for cupping
- Skin ulcer - High fever (d/t warming in nature) - Over large vessels (could rupture) - Abdominal and sacral areas of pregnant women bc can change nerves/ligaments and we don't want to stimulate labour
67
relative CI for cupping
- susceptible to spontaneous bleed - severely allergic skin - very thin muscle - semiconscious pt - edema - convulsions - can also be used to treat convulsions - dermatitis
68
what are the physiological effects of dry needling
causes local changes by creating a lesion in all structures needled - activates the somatosensory system first - activates the spinothalamic tract second
69
what are the main differences b/w Dry needling and TCM acupuncture
Dry needling: - placement depends on pain/tenderness sites, not necessarily point/meridian specific - treatment effect can occur immediately vs TCM acu effect may be immediate or after time
70
after withdrawing a needle, the free nerve endings of the skin are stimulated for __ hours
72 hours
71
indications for electroacupuncture
muscle tension pain (muscle or nerve pain) to increase the intensity of sensation
72
absolute CI for electroacupuncture
- pacemakers, insulin pumps, other embedded electrical devices - new cuts, scars, broken bones in acute stage
73
cautions with electroacupuncture
- strong stim across head - never across the chest - ant neck - over face (sharp sensation) - may cause spasms in muscles - do not use needles with plastic handles - avoid using needles <0.16mm
74

NMT300 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions