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Cerebrovascular > TCD wk 2(test 1) > Flashcards

TCD wk 2(test 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Reasons for TCD to have gaps on screen

A

Tortuous vessel
Bad window
Alternative attempts to better insonate can suggest incomplete circle.

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2
Q

Vessels not in trans-temporal window

A

OA- Orbital, 40-60 mm, T
CarSiph-orbital, 60-80mm,
VA-foraminal, 60-90mm, A
BA-foraminal, 80-120mm, A

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3
Q

Diagnosing stenosis

A

Can’t definitively diagnose stenosis since TCD not gold standard, and blindly assessing vessels.

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4
Q

Transtemporal window

A

MCA>ACA>PCA

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5
Q

Transforaminal window

A

VA=BA

AKA suboccipital

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6
Q

Vertebral Artery (VA)

A 
Transforamenal
Start from midline of post neck groove.
Aim towards nose, sweep laterally.
60-80mm.
Away, can change with disease (SSS)
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7
Q

Magnum foramen

A

Where vertebrals join to from basilar artery

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8
Q

Basilar artery (BA)

A 
Transforamenal
Start midline post neck at groove.
Aim towards nose.
80-100mm
Away, can change with disease (SSS)
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9
Q

Transorbital window

A

OA

CSA

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10
Q

Opthalmic artery (OA)

A 
Transorbital
Lateral portion of orbit.
Aim medally.
40-60mm. 
Towards, can change with disease.
1st ICA branch. 
High resistance.
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11
Q

Carotid siphon (CS)

A 
transorbital
Lateral to orbit.
Aim towards nose.
60-80mm.
Bidirectional-tortuous.
Low resistance.
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12
Q

Submandibular window

A

ICA

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13
Q

Internal carotid artery (ICA)

A 
Submandibular
Start at angle of mandible.
Aim superiorly.
40-70,m.
Away.
Low resistance (high=ECA).
Used to calculate lindegaard ratio.
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14
Q

TCD originally used for

A

vasospasms after hemorrhage.

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15
Q

TCD aids in the detection of

A

Rt-LT shunts.
Vasomotor reactivity.
Diagnosis and monitoring vasospams in subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Supplemental test for brain death confirmation.

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16
Q

Trans-cranial color-coded duplex (TCCD)

A

Visualization of intracranial structures with blood flow patterns.
Phased array proe.
Picks up parenchymal imaging with map of vessels (images).
Insufficient window esp in elderly.

17
Q

When was M-mode created?

A

2002

18
Q

How much of the beam is attenuated with skull bone?

A

90%

19
Q

Disadvantages of TCCD?

A

Small window.

Attenuation effects ability to assess vessels.

20
Q

Pattern circle of willis communicates?

A

RT-LT and Ant-Post.

21
Q

Vessels insonated in temporal window?

A

MCA
ACA
PCA
Pcom

22
Q

Vessels insonated in transforaminal window?

A

BA
VA
CS

23
Q

Vessels insonated in transorbital window?

A

OA

CS

24
Q

Vessels insonated in sub-mandibular window?

A

ICA

25
Q

Red on M-mode represents

A

Flow towards beam

26
Q

Blue on M-mode represents

A

Flow away from beam

27
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Same side

28
Q

Contralateral

A

Opposite side

29
Q

Recommended power going through transorbital?

A

decreased by 10%

Cerebrovascular (4 decks)

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