TC4

Question 1

exophthalmos aka proptisis

Answer 1

protrusion of the eye

Question 2

epiphora

Answer 2

excess tearing

Question 3

keratoconjunctivitis sicca

Answer 3

dry eye syndrome

Question 4

schirmer test

Answer 4

evaluate tear production

Question 5

corneoscleral junction

Answer 5

limbus

where conjunctiva inserts

Question 6

palpebral fissure

Answer 6

opening between eyelids

Question 7

lagophthalmos

Answer 7

inability to completely close eyelids

Question 8

mullers muscle does what?

Answer 8

aids levator in elevating eyelid

Question 9

lid lag occurs in what condition?

Answer 9

hyperthyroidism.

bc SNS and mullers muscle is hyperactive

Question 10

chalazion

Answer 10

cystic nodule from obstruction of meibomian draining duct

Question 11

hordeplum, internal and external

Answer 11

internal is infection of meibomian gland

external is stye. infection of sebaceous glands

Question 12

ectropion and entropion

Answer 12

outward and inward turning if eyelid margin

Question 13

pterygium

Answer 13

thickening of bulbar conjunctiva growing across the cornea

Question 14

pingueculum

Answer 14

fatty nodule of bulbar conjunctiva

Question 15

chemosis

Answer 15

painless edema of conjunctiva

Question 16

tiny petechial conjunctival hemorrhages accompany what 2 conditions?

Answer 16

autoimmune disease

infectious endocarditis

Question 17

large bulbar conjunctival hemorrhages (hyposphagma) usually caused by what 2 things?

Answer 17

local eye trauma/rubbing

if recurrent -> coagulation defects

Question 18

scleral icterus aka?

Answer 18

jaundice

Question 19

blue sclerae is caused by what?

Answer 19

osteogenesis imperfecta. not enough collagen in sclera

Question 20

corneal arcus is what and could indicate what?

Answer 20

gray white band of lipid deposition

hyperlipidemia

Question 21

band keratopathy is manifestation of what?

occurs in what conditions?

Answer 21

chronic hypercalcemia

caused by chronic kidney disease, sarcoidosis, bone cancers

Question 22

kayser fleischer ring is what?

occurs in what?

Answer 22

brown green ring from copper deposition

happens in wilson disease

Question 23

marcus gunn pupil

Answer 23

afferent pupillary defect
light shining in eyes, pupils are not the same size
or
swinging light between eyes changes pupil constriction instead of staying the same

Question 24

what are argyll robertson pupils?

what conditions associated with?

Answer 24

bilateral dont constrict or dilate properly in appropriate light

CNS syphilis, multiple sclerosis, sarcoidosis, diabetes, lyme disease, head trauma, several retinal or optic nerve disease

Question 25

Adie’s tonic pupil

what is it
usually caused by what?

Answer 25

unilateral. constricts to near vision but not bright light

oval appearance of pupil

isolated injury to ciliary ganglion

Question 26

diabetic pupillary abnormalities look like what?

Answer 26

fail to dilate normally in dark

sluggish constriction to bright light

Question 27

3 things that manifest in graves autoimmune hyperthyroidism

Answer 27

1. exophthalmos
2. mobius’s sign- failure of ocular convergence during near accommodation
3. lid lag

Question 28

CNVI palsy causes what

is caused by what?

Answer 28

causes horizontal diplopia

caused by diabetes and hypertension -> microthrombin-> nerve infarction

Question 29

CNIV palsy causes?

is caused by

Answer 29

if it SPARES PUPIL then due to microinfarction in vasa vasorum -> diabetes or hypertension

if it affects pupil -> extrinsic compression by aneurysm of PCA or basilar artery