TBI

Question 1

Is TBI congenital or acquired?

Answer 1

Acquired

Question 2

Name the causes of TBI (5) and identify which is the #1 cause

Answer 2

1. A blow or jolt to the head?
2. Falls
3. Motor vehicle accident (#1 cause)
4. Struck by or against something
5. Assaults

Question 3

Primary cause of TBI in children under age of 2? (1)

Answer 3

Shaken baby syndrome

Question 4

Primary causes of TBI in infants and toddlers (2)

Answer 4

1. Accidental falls

2. Motor vehicle accident (most common in this age group)

Question 5

Primary causes of TBI in school age children (4)

Answer 5

1. Play
2. Motor vehicle accidents (most common in age group) (seating restraint system, air bags)
3. Falls
4. Bicycle accident ( no helmet)

Question 6

Primary causes of TBI in adolescents (3)

Answer 6

1. Motor vehicle accidents (drugs, alcohol contributing factors)
2. Intensive sport/activities
3. Risk taking behaviour

Question 7

Primary causes of TBI with adults and older adults (2)

Answer 7

1. Falls

2. Motor vehicle accidents (most common)

Question 8

True or false: males are three times more likely to acquire a TBI

Answer 8

False: males are TWICE as likely over females.

Question 9

50% of TBI are sustained under the age of what?

Answer 9

20

Question 10

Name 9 signs of a TBI

Answer 10

1. Headaches
2. Difficulty remembering, concentrating or making decisions
3. Slowness in thinking, speaking, acting or reading
4. Easily confused
5. Feeling tired, having no energy/motivation
6. Mood changes
7. Changes in sleep patterns
8. Light-headedness, dizziness or loss of Blanca
9. Nausea

Question 11

What is the difference between the two types of TBI?

Answer 11

Open head : penetrated through the skull to the brain tissue

Closed head: no penetration past the skull

Question 12

Which type of TBI is the worse?

Answer 12

One is not worse than the other.

Question 13

What percentage of TBI’s are closed head?

Answer 13

90%

Question 14

What is a concussion?

Answer 14

It is a mild TBI
It is closed head TBI
Definition: a concussion is a violent jarring or shaking that results in a disturbance of brain function

Question 15

What is a diffuse axonal brain injury?

Answer 15

Closed TBI
Injury is spread throughout brain due to movement within the skull
Common type of TBI
Can lead to death

Question 16

What is the difference between primary closed head injury and secondary closed head injury ?

Answer 16

Primary: symptoms which appear immediately or on the spot

Secondary: symptoms which evolve over time after trauma has occurred

Question 17

What are the 5 Symptoms of a primary closed head injury?

Answer 17

1. skull fracture
2. contusion/bruises
3. Lacerations
4. Nerve damage
5. Hematoma/ blood clot

Question 18

What are 6 symptoms of a secondary closed head injury?

Answer 18

1. Brain swelling (edema)
2. Increased pressure inside of the skull (intracranial)
3. epilepsy
4. Intracranial infection
5. fever
6. Hematoma (blood clot)

Question 19

What are 5 difficulties after a TBI?

Answer 19

1. Attention
2. Executive functioning
3. Mood/behaviour
4. Sensory
5. Spasticity

Question 20

What are the 3 types of recovery and which is most common?

Answer 20

1. Fully recover (most common)
2. Partial recovery(some)
3. Never recover/death (extreme cases)

Question 21

What is the initial treatment for TBI?

Answer 21

Stabilization

Question 22

What are the 4 treatments for TBI?

Answer 22

1. Prevent secondary effects
2. Restore lost functional abilities
3. Provide adaptation
4. determine changes for home

Question 23

What does the SCC focus with TBI? (6)

Answer 23

1. ADL skills (main focus)
2. Adapting learning
3. Social
4. emotional
5. Working with OT, PT, SLP
6. Family support

Question 24

What is Traumatic Brain Injury?

Answer 24

A term that describes subbed and physical damage and trauma to the brain