TBI Flashcards
Is TBI congenital or acquired?
Acquired
Name the causes of TBI (5) and identify which is the #1 cause
- A blow or jolt to the head?
- Falls
- Motor vehicle accident (#1 cause)
- Struck by or against something
- Assaults
Primary cause of TBI in children under age of 2? (1)
Shaken baby syndrome
Primary causes of TBI in infants and toddlers (2)
- Accidental falls
2. Motor vehicle accident (most common in this age group)
Primary causes of TBI in school age children (4)
- Play
- Motor vehicle accidents (most common in age group) (seating restraint system, air bags)
- Falls
- Bicycle accident ( no helmet)
Primary causes of TBI in adolescents (3)
- Motor vehicle accidents (drugs, alcohol contributing factors)
- Intensive sport/activities
- Risk taking behaviour
Primary causes of TBI with adults and older adults (2)
- Falls
2. Motor vehicle accidents (most common)
True or false: males are three times more likely to acquire a TBI
False: males are TWICE as likely over females.
50% of TBI are sustained under the age of what?
20
Name 9 signs of a TBI
- Headaches
- Difficulty remembering, concentrating or making decisions
- Slowness in thinking, speaking, acting or reading
- Easily confused
- Feeling tired, having no energy/motivation
- Mood changes
- Changes in sleep patterns
- Light-headedness, dizziness or loss of Blanca
- Nausea
What is the difference between the two types of TBI?
Open head : penetrated through the skull to the brain tissue
Closed head: no penetration past the skull
Which type of TBI is the worse?
One is not worse than the other.
What percentage of TBI’s are closed head?
90%
What is a concussion?
It is a mild TBI
It is closed head TBI
Definition: a concussion is a violent jarring or shaking that results in a disturbance of brain function
What is a diffuse axonal brain injury?
Closed TBI
Injury is spread throughout brain due to movement within the skull
Common type of TBI
Can lead to death
What is the difference between primary closed head injury and secondary closed head injury ?
Primary: symptoms which appear immediately or on the spot
Secondary: symptoms which evolve over time after trauma has occurred
What are the 5 Symptoms of a primary closed head injury?
- skull fracture
- contusion/bruises
- Lacerations
- Nerve damage
- Hematoma/ blood clot
What are 6 symptoms of a secondary closed head injury?
- Brain swelling (edema)
- Increased pressure inside of the skull (intracranial)
- epilepsy
- Intracranial infection
- fever
- Hematoma (blood clot)
What are 5 difficulties after a TBI?
- Attention
- Executive functioning
- Mood/behaviour
- Sensory
- Spasticity
What are the 3 types of recovery and which is most common?
- Fully recover (most common)
- Partial recovery(some)
- Never recover/death (extreme cases)
What is the initial treatment for TBI?
Stabilization
What are the 4 treatments for TBI?
- Prevent secondary effects
- Restore lost functional abilities
- Provide adaptation
- determine changes for home
What does the SCC focus with TBI? (6)
- ADL skills (main focus)
- Adapting learning
- Social
- emotional
- Working with OT, PT, SLP
- Family support
What is Traumatic Brain Injury?
A term that describes subbed and physical damage and trauma to the brain
