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Mycobacterium > tb_sunday > Flashcards

tb_sunday Flashcards

1
Q

partially acid fast organisms that might give a false+ auramine stain

A

rhodococcus, nocardia, legionella, crypto cysts, isosproa, cyclospora, microsporidia

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3
Q

number of fields that must be read on ZN smear

A

300

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4
Q

Mycobacti organisms that show cording?

A

M. tb & M. kansasii

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5
Q

Name organism that is a scotochromogen at 37C but photochromogen at 25C?

A

M. szulgai

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6
Q

Describe handling of gastric specimens?

A

process in 4h, or add 100mg sodium carbonate to neutralize acidity

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7
Q

List unsat specimens

A

pooled sputum or urine, nonsterile containers, waxy containers or dry swabs

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8
Q

Reagents used for digestion of normal flora?

A

NALC, NaOH

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9
Q

Mucolytic agent

A

N-acetyl-L-cysteine, digests sputum and allows NaOH to be used a lower concentration

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10
Q

Decontaminating agent

A

4% NaOH

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11
Q

Purpose of sodium citrate

A

binds heavy metals present in specimens to inactivate acetylcysteine.

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12
Q

Decontaminating agent for Pseudomonas

A

%5 oxalic acid

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13
Q

Holding time for LJ slants?

A

37^C, 6-8w

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14
Q

Mycobacteria characteristics

A

not readily gram-stained, nonmotile rods, high lipid content, hydrophobic surface

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15
Q

Differentiate M. tb from M. bovis

A

M.bovis: susceptible to T2H & niacin -, pza-, nitrate-

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16
Q

NTMS?

A

photo, scoto, nonphoto, rapid growers

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17
Q

Genera containing mycolic acid

A

Corynebacterium, Gordona, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Rhodococcus, Tsukamurella

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18
Q

acid-fastness describes which characteristic?

A

waxy envelope and presence of mycolic acid (lipid)

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19
Q

Culture used for M. leprae

A

none. Alright, armadillos and can be injected into footpads of mice.

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20
Q

Saprophytic mycobacterium

A

M. gordonae, M. pheli, smegmatis

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21
Q

Media growth for semi-quantitative catalase test?

A

LJ

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22
Q

mycobacti distinguised by salt tolerance?

A

rapid growers, fortuitum, chelonae, flavescens++, trivale

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23
Q

media growth for niacin and nitrate test and age requirement of culture.

A

LJ nitrate : 3-5 wLj niacin: 18-28 day growth

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24
Q

MTB organisms

A

tb, bovis, africanum, microti, canetti

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25
Q

HPLC IDs mycobacti based on which characteristic?

A

mycolic acids in cell wall

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26
Q

Differentiate M. simiae from MTB complex?

A

M. simiae: SQ cat+, pigment+, catalae+ at 68^C, nitrate-, accuprobe and NAAT

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27
Q

Rate of air flow in BSC?

A

70% recirculated air, inward face velocity of 75ft/min

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28
Q

BacTec 960 MGIT detects growth by which method?

A

reduced oxygen produces fluorescence due to organism growth.

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29
Q

Incubation temperature for skin-specific mycobacti

A

30C (marinum, ulcerans, haemophilum)

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30
Q

RFLP enzyme?

A

restriction endonuclease

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31
Q

procedure used to reduce tb exposure?

A

open safety cups under BSC

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32
Q

sensitivity of PCR using smear+ organism

A

> 95%

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33
Q

genera that contain mycolic acid

A

mycobacteria, rhodococcus, nocardia

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34
Q

Partially acid fast organisms

A

rhodococcus, nocardia, gordona

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35
Q

organisms with thin braching filaments

A

nocardia

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36
Q

Cell component used to identify mycobacti using HPLC?

A

mycolic acid

37
Q

length of time required to hold negative organisms

A

6-8w,+4 if smear+

38
Q

Biochems for M. tb

A

niacin, nitrate, citrate

39
Q

TB positive for growth on MAC without crystal violet?

A

group 4 rapid growers

40
Q

biochems used to differentiate 2 chelonae subspp. & M. kansasii from M. fortuitum?

A

5% NaCl

41
Q

niacin test summary

A

4 w old LJ culture+cyanogen bromide &amine=yellow (+)

42
Q

SQ catalase test summary

A

2w LJ (NOT BAP) culture+Tw80&30H2O2, measure height of bubbles (>45mm ,45mm)

43
Q

> 45mm SQ catalase organisms

A

M. kansasii, simiae, scotochromogens, nonphotochromogenic saprophytes

44
Q

growth on MAC without crystal violet

A

m. fortuitum and m. phlei

45
Q

QC+ for heat-stable catalase test

A

M. kansasii+

46
Q

iron uptake organisms

A

m. fortuitum+, chelonae-

47
Q

tellurite reduction test

A

MAC+, black precipitate

48
Q

nitrate reduction organisms+

A

mtb, ks, sz, sm, fo

49
Q

mycobacteria tuberculosis characteristics:

A

slow growth, nonphoto, nude color dry crumbly morphology, nitrate+, niacin+, catalase 68-

50
Q

M. xenopi characteristics in culture

A

hot water, G at 42^C, 10x magnifaction show birds nest-like growth

51
Q

mycobacti responsible for AIDS patients

A

MAC

52
Q

3 mycobacti that grow at 30^C

A

haemophilum, ulcerans, marinum HUM

53
Q

ABCs for mycobacti

A

streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide

54
Q

Optimal growth temperature for rapid growers?

A

28^C

55
Q

GenProbe Accuprobe: type of reading and organisms tested?

A

chemiluminisecence/ M. tb, MAC, M. gord, M. kan, cocci

56
Q

BacTec MGIT PANTA

A

polymyxin B, amphotericin b, nalidixic acid, trimethoprim, azolcillin

57
Q

pigment in mycobacti?

A

carotenoids

58
Q

MGIT growth supplement

A

albumin-protective agent to bind free fatty acid, dextrose is energy source, catalsase destroys toxic peroxides in media, oleic acid involved in metabolism

59
Q

MGIT growth explanation

A

oxygen sensitive fluorescent compound suppressed by high oxygen concentration dissolved in 7H9 broth. As bacteria grow and consume oxygen, suppression released and fluorescence detected.

60
Q

NaCl 5% growth

A

flavescens and triviale

61
Q

describe accuprobe (genprobe) assay

A

tubes labeled with chemiluminiscent ssDNA probe complementary to rRNA of target organism forming DNA_RNA hybrid.

62
Q

Name acceptable tb specimens

A

Sputum: 3 separate samples, from am collections. 5 ml/each.Urine: 2 ml, am samples, transport to lab in 30 minBlood: 10ml use DuPont isolator tube at RTGastric: 5-10 Ml from fasting patient, transport in 4h or add sodium carbonateStool: sterile container, only AIDS patients

63
Q

Tb SOC

A

Early am sputum or aerosol collection

64
Q

Why unsat pooled specimens?

A
  1. Contamination increased

2. Positive sample may be diluted by negative sample

65
Q

Compounds used to neutralize gastric lavage specimens

A

Sodium carbonate
10% tri sodium phosphate
Crystalline di sodium phosphate

66
Q

3 Anticoagulants that don’t inhibit acid fast bacilli

A

CitrateHeparinAmmonium oxalate

67
Q

+- for 68 catalase test

A

+M. fortuitum, -M tuberculosis

68
Q

3 staining procedures for acid fast bacilli

A

ZnKinyounRhodamone-aura mine

69
Q

Hazards of cyanogen bromide (niacin test)

A

Volatile and toxic
Gives off cyanide gas
Impure CB decomposes and explodes

70
Q

Suitable disinfectants for tb?

A

70% ethyl alcohol
Phenolic soap
Sodium hypochlorite
Formaldehyde 3-8%

71
Q

Preferred media for isoniazid resistant m tb?

A

Middle brook 7h11 because it contains casein hydrolysate to improve strain reccoery

72
Q

Unsuitable disinfectant for tb?

A

Quaternary ammonium compounds

73
Q

Requirements to identify mtb

A

Cellular and colonial characteristics, rate of growth, niacin, nitrate, 68 catalase-

74
Q

3 Sputum methods reagents acceptable for recovery of m tb

A

NalcNaoh
Zephiran
tri sodium phosphate

75
Q

Describe xenopi culture characteristics

A

Slow growth
Circular colonies
Filamentous extensions on cornmeal agar

76
Q

Mycobacterium cutaneous lesions secondary to post surgical wound infections, trauma or needle injections caused by:

A

M fortuitum chelonae complex

77
Q

Recovery of m marinum and m ulcer ans enhanced by

A

Incubation at 30c

78
Q

Tellurite reduction test positive for

A

Rapid growers and Mac

79
Q

Factors affecting photochromogenicity

A

Oxygen
Age of culture
Exposure to light1 hr
Crowding in culture

80
Q

3 d arylsulfatase positive organisms

A

Xenopi (@42C) and Fortuitum

81
Q

BACTEC 460TB media used in machine

A

12B vials use 7H12 broth. 7h12 broth has ABCs and c14 labeled palmitic acid

82
Q

M bovis biochemical tests

A

Niacin weak/negative
Nitrate reduction
Catalase inactivated at 68
T2H sensitivity

83
Q

Bactec MGIT 960 and BACTEC 460TB advantages over conventional media

A

Reduced time from 19 d to 8d. Bactec used for susceptibility testingAutomated monitorLarge inoculum and liquid media increase sensitivity

84
Q

BACTEC 460TB GI positive reads?

A

10

85
Q

BACTEC 460TB disadvantages?

A

Radioactive material
Expensive inst reqd
Not possible to examine colonial morphology
Possible cross contamination if needle heater fails

86
Q

Tween hydrolysis test helpful for identification of:

A

Scotochromogenic and nonphotochromigenic

Mycobacterium (1 decks)

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