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PPS Board Review by Jamy > TB Manual > Flashcards

TB Manual Flashcards

1
Q

Primary defenses against TB

A

Macrophages and T-lymphocytes

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2
Q

MTB Survival Strategies

A
  1. Prevention of acidification of phagosomes
  2. Neutralization of the effects of reactive oxygen intermediates by mycobacterial cell wall components
  3. Inhibition of plasma membrane repair
  4. Probable inhibition of phagosome-lysosomal fusion through secretion of SapM, PknG and glycosylated phosphotadyl-inositol
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3
Q

Incubation Period

A

3 to 12 weeks

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4
Q

Lesion located peripherally in any part of the lungs, close to the pleura

A

Ghon Focus

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5
Q

Soft semi-solid core surrounded by epithelioid macrophages, Langerhans giant T-cells and lymphocytes

A

Granuloma

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6
Q

Dissemination of bacilli from the primary granuloma in the lungs to the hilar nodes

A

Granulomatous lymphadenitis

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7
Q

Combination of granulomatous lymphadenitis + ghon focus

A

Ghon Complex

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8
Q

Compression of the bronchi to cause collapse of the distal lung due to enlarging hilar and mediastinal nodes

A

Middle Lobe Syndrome

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9
Q

Progressive, widely disseminated hematogenous TB (numerous small, yellow-white nodules, less than 2mm

A

Miliary TB

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10
Q

Close contact with contagious adult/adolescent without any signs and symptoms of TB, (-) TST, no radiologic or laboratory findings of TB

A

TB Exposure

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11
Q

(+) TST reaction only

A

TB Infection

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12
Q

(+) smear microscopy, culture or rapid diagnostic test

A

Bacteriologically-confirmed TB Disease

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13
Q

Does not fulfill the criteria for bacteriologic confirmation but has signs and symptoms of TB

A

Clinically-diagnosed TB Disease

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14
Q

3 elements of PTB Primary Disease

A

Ghon Focus
Lymphadenitis
Lymphangitis

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15
Q

Most common extrapulmonary sites of Miliary TB

A

Lymphatic
Bones/Joints
Liver

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16
Q

Enlargement of peribronchial lymph nodes with subsequent compression of intrabronchial, the nodal extension into the bronchus

A

Endobronchial TB

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17
Q

Most common form of extrapulmonary TB

A

Tuberculous lymphadenitis

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18
Q

Most common cause of chronic lymphadenitis in children

A

Tuberculous lymphadenitis

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19
Q

TB lymphadenitis in the cervical region

A

Scrofula

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20
Q

Most common location of TB lymphadenitis in children

A

Anterior cervical region

21
Q

Direct extension of the TB into the skin

A

Scrofuloderma

22
Q

Most severe form of extrapulmonary TB

A

TB Meningitis

23
Q

Most common organ involved in extrapulmonary TB

A

Meninges

24
Q

Enlarged granulomatous foci within the brain parenchyma

A

Tuberculoma

25
Q

Area affected the most in tuberculous spinal meningitis

A

Dorsal Cord

26
Q

Most common site affected by TB of bones/joints

A

Spine

27
Q

Rupture of caseous abdominal lymph node

A

TB peritonitis

28
Q

Constant indicator of peritoneal disease

A

Ascites

29
Q

Routes of perinatal or postnatal TB

A

Hematogenous spread
Ingestion of infected amniotic fluid
Postpartum inhalation

30
Q

TST Positive cut off size for HIV

A

> 5mm

31
Q

TST Positive cut off size for person who had close contact with TB

A

> 5mm

32
Q

TST Positive cut off size for organ transplant recipients

A

> 5mm

33
Q

TST Positive cut off size for immunosuppressed patients

A

> 5mm

34
Q

TST Positive cut off size for persons living in areas where TB is highly prevalent

A

> 10mm

35
Q

TST Positive cut off size for population with NO risk factor

A

> 15mm

36
Q

Inability to react to TST because of a weakened immune system

A

Anergy

37
Q

How many increase in reaction size of induration within a period of 2 years for persons with previous negative TST reaction to be classified as convertion to positive

A

> 10mm

38
Q

Temperature for storage to tuberculin solution

A

2 to 8C

39
Q

True or False: A history of BCG vaccine is not a contraindication for TST

A

True

40
Q

True or False: About 80-90% of children who received BCG in their infancy have non-reactive TST at 5 years of age

A

True

41
Q

Most potent sterilizing drug

A

Rifampicin

42
Q

Prevents emergence of resistant bacilli

A

Ethambutol

43
Q

Bactericidal against rapidly multiplying TB in an environment with high oxygen tension and neutral pH

A

Streptomycin

44
Q

Active in the acidic intracellular environment and inflammation where it exerts its sterilizing effects

A

Pyrazinamide

45
Q

Best bactericidal activity versus rapidly multiplying MTB

A

Isoniazid

46
Q

Prevents development of infection among contacts exposed to active disease

A

Primary prophylaxis

47
Q

Prevents progression of LTBI to disease

A

Secondary prophylaxis

48
Q

Prophylactic dose of Isoniazid

A

6-month regimen of Isoniazid given at 10mg/kg OD

PPS Board Review by Jamy (2 decks)

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