Taxonomy Review Flashcards
How many species have been currently named and classified?
over 2 million
What did Carolus Linneaeus develop?
hierarchical categories according to structure and form
What did Aristotle classify the first system by?
plants or animals and where the lived (land, air, water)
how many levels were in the original linnaean system?
7
What is the largest level in the modern linnaean system?
domain
how many levels are in the modern linnaean system?
8
What is the smallest level in the modern linnaean system?
species
What is the llinnaean system in order from biggest to smallest?
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species
subspecies
variations of a species that live in different geographic areas
Binomial classification is always written in what ?
italics or underlined
what are the two systematics?
taxonomy and phylogenetics
what is the goal of systematics?
to classify organisms in term of their natural relationships
phylogeny
evolutionary history of a species or taxon
what does phylogenetics compare?
patterns of embryonic development of DNA and RNA
what is cladistics?
a system of phylogenetic analysis that uses shared and derived character as the only criteria for grouping taxa
clade
group of organisms that share one or more derived characters
molecular cladistics
- use the count of shared, derived amino acids to hypothesize relationships
- independent of physical similarities and differences
karyotyping is…
a test to examine chromosomes in a sample of cells
analyzing karyotypes help…
shed light on evolutionary relationships
tree of life is divided into what groups?
2: eukaryotes and prokaryotes
domain bacteria
- small
- single celled prokaryotes
-lack organelle complex
