taxonomy and systematics Flashcards
taxonomy defintion
the naming of species typically associated with the original description of species
nomenclature defintion
assignment of a distnctive name to a species
taxon/ clade defintion
any grouping of species that share a particular set of characteristics
what is an archaea
prokaryotic microbe that lives in extreme environments
what is a eubacteria
a true bacteria which are prokaryotic organisms
what is a monera
a prokaryotic bacteria and cyanobacteria
what is a protista
an eukaryotic single-celled organism
what is a fungi
a eukaryotic, multi-cellular organism that have non-motile cells and digest organic matter extracellularly and absorb breakdown products
what is an animalia
eukaryotic, multicellular organism that ingest other organisms and have motile cells
what is a plantae
eukaryotic, multicellular organism that are photosynthetic and have non-motile cells
what is a monophyletic group
it has a single ancestral species and all its descendents
what is a polyphyletic group
has species that can be traced back to several ancestral species
what is a paraphyletic group
has some but not all species in a lineage
homologies defintion
has a resemblanes that results from a common ancestor
analogies defintion
has a resemblances that results in a different species under the same evolutionary pressure (convergent evolution)- not used in taxonomy
asymmetry defintion
absence of a central point or axis around which the body parts are arranged
radial symmetry defintion
one point of reference at the end of the animal that has the mouth and the other is the opposite point of the animal
bilateral symmetry
arrangement of the body parts divides an animal into right and left mirror images
what is a unicellular organisation
an organism that exists as single cells or aggregates of single cells
what is a diplobastic organisaton
its the simplest level of tissue organisation, it has two layers (ectoderm and endoderm), the cell types act independently of each other
what does triplobastic organisation contain
ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm
what does mesoderm do
it gives raise to connective, supportive and blood cells
acoelomate meaning
there is no gap between endoderm and mesoderm
pseudocoelomate meaning
there is a body cavity between the endoderm and mesoderm
coelomate meaning
there is a body cavity within mesoderm
