TAX - Estate Trust Taxation Flashcards

1
Q

How is Gift taxation different from Estate taxation?

A

Property transferred while taxpayer is living

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2
Q

What is the annual exclusion amount for a taxpayer’s Gift taxation? What is required to get the exclusion?

A

$14,000 per year per spouse to each individual

In order to get the exclusion, the recipient must immediately acquire a present interest in the property and get unrestricted access to the property and all of its benefits

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3
Q

If a Gift is an annuity, what value is used for the Gift?

A

If the Gift is an annuity, use Present Value to determine the gross Gift

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4
Q

What is the basic Gift tax calculation?

A

Gross Gifts
- 1/2 of Gifts (treated as given by spouse)
- Total # of donees x $14,000 exclusion
= Taxable Gift

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5
Q

How is a Gift taxed if a recipient gains a future ownership in the Gifted property?

A

Recipient must gain ownership and all rights to property to get the annual exclusion. If recipient merely gains a future ownership, then the present value of the Gift is 100% taxable to donor and cannot exclude from Gift tax calc

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6
Q

What are the deductions for Gift tax, besides the annual exclusion?

A

Tuition and medical expenses paid directly to the provider organization (note: NOT books or dorm fees)

Political contributions

Charitable Gifts

Unlimited Gifts to spouse

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7
Q

What is the basis of Gifted property for the recipient?

A

If a loss on sale, basis is FMV on the date of the Gift

If a gain on sale, basis is same as donor’s basis

No G/L if donor basis is less than sales price, and sales price is less than FMV @ Gift date

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8
Q

How/when are Gift tax returns filed?

A

Calendar-year basis only

Due April 15

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9
Q

What are the basic characteristics of complex Trust?

A

Income distributions are optional
Accumulation of income ok
Charitable contributions ok
Contributions using tax-exempt income are not deductible
Allowed personal exemption of $100

Key Point: Distribution of Trust corpus (principal) ok

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10
Q

What are the basic characteristics of a Simple Trust?

A

Income distributions mandatory

Accumulation of income disallowed

No charitable contributions

Distribution of Trust corpus DISALLOWED

Allowed personal exemption of $300

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11
Q

How are Net Operating Losses handled in a Trust?

A

Trusts can have a Net Operating Loss

Any unused NOL flows through to the beneficiaries

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12
Q

How are expenses and fees related to tax-exempt income handled in a Trust?

A

Expenses and fees from tax-exempt income are not deductible for either a Complex or Simple Trust

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13
Q

When is property transferred in an Estate?

A

After the death of the donor

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14
Q

What amount of a decedent’s Estate is exempt from Estate Tax?

A

The First $5,430,000 is exempt with a 40% tax on amount above that

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15
Q

How are a decedent’s medical expenses handled with respect to an Estate?

A

Medical expenses paid after death, but incurred within 1 year of death go on decedents personal tax return

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16
Q

How is an Estate’s NOL handled?

A

Estates can have a Net Operating Loss

Any unused NOL flows through to the beneficiaries

17
Q

What does a gross Estate consist of?

A

Cash and Property FMV at death, or alternate valuation.

18
Q

What is joint tenancy with respect to an Estate? How is it calculated?

A

When two non-spouses jointly own property

FMV at death X % Ownership = Amount in Estate

19
Q

What is tenancy by entirety?

A

1/2 of marital assets go to deceased spouses Estate

20
Q

What is tenancy in common in an Estate?

A

A, B, and C own property

If A dies, FMV of As share goes to heirs

21
Q

How is Estate tax handled with respect to a beneficiary?

A

Property received through inheritance not income to recipient

Property value is FMV at date of death or 6 months later

If property is sold prior to 6 month date and the alternative date is used, FMV at date of sale is used to value property

Basis in property automatically assumes LT holding period

22
Q

What is distributable net income (DNI)?

A

DNI = Taxable Income Expenses (from income production)

Trust beneficiaries only pay tax if earnings are distributed

Estate beneficiaries pay tax on DNI, regardless if distributed

23
Q

When must a tax exempt organization file a 990-T for Unrelated Business Income?

A

If a tax exempt organization has more than $1,000 of UBI, it must file a Form 990-T

24
Q

What are the requirements for a 501(c)3 organization?

A

Organized and Operated exclusively for exempt purposes

No earnings can benefit an individual or private shareholder

Cant attempt to influence legislation as a major part of its activities

Cant campaign politically