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SAAB 340 Tech course > TAWS > Flashcards

TAWS Flashcards

1
Q

TAWS

A

TERRAIN AVOIDANCE WARNING SYSTEM

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2
Q

3 alerting functions of TAWS?

A
  1. Ground Proximity Warning (including altitude awareness callouts and bank angle alerting)
  2. Terrain (or Obstacle) Awareness and Display (TAD)
  3. Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF)
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3
Q

The TAWS comprises the following groups of components:

A

 Aircraft sensors and other systems input signals
 The Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning Computer
 Cockpit Audio Systems (Speakers and Headphones)
 Alert Annunciators, Button Lights and Terrain Display Units

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4
Q

How does TAWS extends the Ground Proximity Warning functions of the standard GPWS?

A

By adding
Terrain (or Obstacle) Awareness and Display (TAD) & Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF) functions and
modulating the Modes 1-6 as required reducing nuisance warnings.

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5
Q

6 Ground proximity warning modes?

A

MODE 1 -
EXCESSIVE DECENT RATE
CAUTION “SINKRATE”
WARNING “PULL UP!!”

MODE 2 -
EXCESSIVE TERRAIN
CLOSURE RATE
CAUTION “TERRAIN..TERRAIN”
WARNING “PULL UP!!”

MODE 3 -
SINK AFTER TAKE-OFF
CAUTION “DON’T SINK”

MODE 4 -
TOO CLOSE TO TERRAIN
CAUTION “TOO LOW- TERRAIN”
CAUTION “TOO LOW-GEAR!”
CAUTION “TO LOW- FLAPS”

MODE 5 -
EXCESSIVE DEVIATION
BELOW GLIDESLOPE
CAUTION “GLIDESLOPE!”

MODE 6 -
EXCESSIVE BANK ANGLE
CAUTION “BANK ANGLE”
ALTITUDE CALL-OUT- ““500””
CAUTION “…FIVE HUNDRED…”

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6
Q

GPWS MODE 1

A

EXCESSIVE DECENT RATE
CAUTION “SINKRATE”
WARNING “PULL UP!!”

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7
Q

GPWS MODE 2

A

EXCESSIVE TERRAIN
CLOSURE RATE
CAUTION “TERRAIN..TERRAIN”
WARNING “PULL UP!!”

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8
Q

GPWS MODE 3

A

SINK AFTER TAKE-OFF
CAUTION “DON’T SINK”

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9
Q

GPWS MODE 4

A

TOO CLOSE TO TERRAIN
CAUTION “TOO LOW- TERRAIN”
CAUTION “TOO LOW-GEAR!”
CAUTION “TO LOW- FLAPS”

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10
Q

GPWS MODE 5

A

EXCESSIVE DEVIATION
BELOW GLIDESLOPE
CAUTION “GLIDESLOPE!”

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11
Q

GPWS MODE 6

A

EXCESSIVE BANK ANGLE
CAUTION “BANK ANGLE”
ALTITUDE CALL-OUT- ““500””
CAUTION “…FIVE HUNDRED…”

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12
Q

The “enhanced” functions of the TAWS are

A

Terrain (or Obstacles) Alerting and Display (TAD)
and the Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF).

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13
Q

TADS

A

Compute 2 envelops
1 Terrain caution alerts
2 Terrain warning alerts

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14
Q

Terrain Clearance Floor

A

Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF) function (enabled with TAD) enhances the basic GPWS Modes
by alerting the pilot of descent below a defined “Terrain Clearance Floor” regardless of the aircraft
configuration

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15
Q

TCF is active during take off

A

Mode 4 protection is not
available, and during cruise and final approach.

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16
Q

When the aircraft penetrates the TCF alert envelope, the aural message “Too Low Terrain”

A

The aural message is
repeated for each 20% degradation in Radio Altitude from the initial penetration.

17
Q

TA MODE (Terrain Look-Ahead Alerting)
TERRAIN AWARENESS

A

CAUTION “Caution Terrain, Caution Terrain”
WARNING “Terrain, Terrain, Pull Up”

18
Q

TA MODE (Terrain Look-Ahead Alerting)
OBSTACLE AWARENESS

A

CAUTION “Caution Obstacle, Caution Obstacle”
WARNING “Caution Obstacle, Obstacle, Pull Up”

19
Q

TCF MODE (Terrain Clearance Floor)

A

CAUTION “Too Low Terrain”

20
Q

TAWS computer power supply fault

A

– All modes inhibited.
– Loss of Radio Altitude Mode 1-6 and TCF are inhibited. Note- TAD will be
available

21
Q

Loss of Radio Altitude

A

Mode 1-6 and TCF are inhibited. Note- TAD will be
available

22
Q

Loss of position data

A

– Terrain awareness functions, TCF and Mode 6 altitude callout inhibited. FAULT
light illuminated.

23
Q

Test

A

Perform a system self test on the ground prior to the first flight of the day to verify proper operation
of the TAWS.

24
Q

Fault light

A

Fault light to be EXTINGUISHED before every take-off unless the applicable MEL has been
invoked.

25
Q

TAWS Test

A

Momentarily push the TAWS TEST button

26
Q

How to display TAWS?

A

Terrain Display Selection - MFD
1. Select WXR on the MFD
2. Press DISP button
Note : Range selector not available when the radar is off.

Terrain Display Selection - EHSI
1. Select RR on the Display Control Panel (DSP)
2. Press DISP button
WR is atleast on standby

27
Q

MAGENTA

A

If there is no terrain data in the database for a particular area, the affected display area is coloured
MAGENTA

28
Q

Envelope Modulation:

A

Is an automatic feature that provides improved alert protection and expanded alerting margins at specific locations worldwide that have certain terrain features. Removes nuisance and missed alerts that were suffered in the past.

29
Q

What is terrain clearance floor (TCF):

A

-Enabled with the TAD function, TCF provides additional alerts for pilots conducting NPA’s by notifying of premature descent. Based on the aircrafts current position relative to the runway.
-For all runways > greater than 2000’ in length

30
Q

What is Terrain Alerting and Display (TAD):

A

-Graphic display of the surrounding display on the weather radar indicator.

-Based on aircraft’s GPS position and the internal database.

-Terrain that is above or within 2000’ below the aircrafts altitude is displayed topographicaly.

31
Q

Cautions, Warnings, alerts, visual representations:

A

-Caution alert triggered: terrain/obstacle turns yellow, “caution terrain” 60 seconds from impact.

-Warning is triggered: Terrain/obstacle turns red. “Terrain terrain pull up” 30 seconds from impact.

32
Q

How do you know the GPS is lost:

A

-enhanced functions will not be available.

-Basic 6 basic modes will be unaffected

-no display (black background)

33
Q

What is geometric altitude?

A

-based on GPS altitude

-provided to reduce errors of correct barometric altitude caused by temp extremes, no-standard pressure alt conditions and user errors.

-inputs from GPS, Corrected baro-alt, rad alt, Static air temp

34
Q

What does flap override button do?

A

-Disables “too low flaps” warning to allow 0 flap landing

35
Q

How to display TAWS:

A

-Push ‘Display terrain awareness button’ on glareshield, then have radar in stby and it will appear on EHSI & 5th screen

36
Q

What to do after receiving a TAWS warning:

A

-IMC/night - Disconnect autopilot, apply MCP and execute a pull up action, max climb until all visual & aural warnings cease, monitor rad alt for trend toward terrain & adjust pitch accordingly, advise ATC.

-VMC day: assess warning and take whatever corrective action is required.

37
Q

What is peaks?

A

Supplemental feature of TAD. Includes digital elevations of highest and lowest displayed terrain.

SAAB 340 Tech course (4 decks)

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