Tattoo theory Flashcards
1
Q
What needs to be rewash able, preferably tiled in a tattoo studio?
A
Floors and Walls
2
Q
What color are biohazard bags/bins?
A
Yellow or Orange
3
Q
What needs to be worn for all aspects of cleaning and waste handling?
A
Sterile gloves
4
Q
What is the first piece of ppe to put on before prepping for a tattoo?
A
Sterile gloves
5
Q
What angle is an armature bar set at on a coil liner tattoo machine?
A
30 degrees
6
Q
What angle is an armature bar set at on a coil shader tattoo machine?
A
45 degrees
7
Q
What is the stroke length of a coil liner tattoo machine?
A
1.5 - 2mm
8
Q
What is the stroke length of a coil shader tattoo machine?
A
2 - 3mm
9
Q
All needles and tubes have a code on them defining exactly what type they are. How many does a needle package/cartridge have?
A
5-6 (depending on manufacturer)
10
Q
All needles and tubes have a code on them defining exactly what type they are. How many does a tube have?
A
2-4 (depending on manufacturer)
11
Q
If i have a 1206RL what needle would I have?
A
0.35mm 6 needle Round Liner
12
Q
If I have a 1206RS what needle do I have?
A
0.35mm 6 needle Round Shader
13
Q
If I have a 0808M1 what needle do I have?
A
0.25mm 8 needle Standard Straight Magnum
14
Q
If I Have a 106M2 what needle do I have?
A
0.30mm 6 needle Tightly Woven Straight Magnum
15
Q
If I have a 1206RM what needle do I have?
A
0.35mm 6 needle Rounded Magnum
16
Q
If I have a 1206CM what needle do I have?
A
0.35mm 6 needle Curved Magnum
17
Q
If I have a 1002F what needle do I have?
A
0.30mm 2 needle Flat
18
Q
If i have a 1206RL what tube would I need?
A
6D or V or R (Diamond/Round tube)
19
Q
If I have a 1206M2 what tube would I need?
A
4F (Flat tube)
20
Q
Where in the skin layer do we want the tattoo ink to sit?
A
Dermis layer
21
Q
Which layer of the skin is at the top?
A
Epidermis layer
22
Q
What type of razor should you use before Tattooing?
A
Single use, disposable razor
23
Q
More often than not, the area you are tattooing will need to be __________.
A
Shaved
24
Q
Why is aftercare of a tattoo so important?
A
To promote good healing
25
Who sets the licensing and registration for setting up a tattoo studio?
Local Council / Authority / Burrow
26
Fill in the blank:
The health and safety at work act ______ applies across the whole of _______, _______ and ________
1974, England, Wales, Scotland
27
Fill in the blank:
The control of substances hazardous to health regulations ______
2002
28
Fill in the blank:
The MANAGEMENT of health and safety at work safety regulations _____.
1999
29
What is HASWA 74?
Health and Safety at Work Act 1974
30
Fill in the blank:
The Tattooing of Minors Act ______
1969
31
What is the minimum age you can permanently tattoo someone?
18
32
Who is responsible for the purchasing and application of the topical local anesthetic?
The client
33
What can lead to the spread of infectious diseases within the tattooing industry?
Unsafe / Unhygienic practices
34
What is a BBV?
Blood - Borne Virus
35
What can you class as a Blood Borne Virus? (BBV)
Hepatitis B, C, D and HIV
36
What should you use for hand washing?
Liquid soap is sufficient
37
When will you become a liability to the tattoo shop owner, other staff and the public?
If you have any cracks or open sores, wounds on your hands or any higher risk of catching or spreading a BBV (blood borne virus)
38
What is the single most important thing to stop spread/contraction of infection?
Washing your hands
39
Fill in the blank:
Hand hygiene = ____ _______ and ____ ______
Hand washing and hand drying
40
What are the two main reasons for wearing gloves
Cross contamination
Becoming contaminated
41
Fill in the blank:
Gloves are _______ ____ items.
Single use
42
What must ALL gloves used for client care conform to?
Current EU legislation
43
What does a CE mark stand for?
Single use and been approved by EU legislation
44
On glove packs, What should the tattoo artist look for?
CE marked or EN 374 marks
45
What type of protective gloves can be used?
Latex (natural rubber), Nitrile, Vinyl
46
What is latex known for?
Skin and respiratory sensitizer causing a serious allergy
47
What are Latex allergies are becoming more common with?
Prolonged use
48
What must all bodily fluids be regarded as?
Potentially Infectious
49
How should hazardous waste and sharps be handled and disposed of?
With extreme care
50
What type of needle should be used for tattoos and piercings?
Single use
51
What is the purpose of an Autoclave?
Sterilization of equipment's
52
What are the transmission risks after a splash exposure to HIV
1 in 1000
53
What is the risk of infection following a sharps injury involving a hollow bore needle or device contaminated with HBV (Hepatitis B Virus)?
1 in 3 when a patient is infected and classed as being highly infectious at the time
54
What is the risk of infection following a sharps injury involving a hollow bore needle or device contaminated with HCV (Hepatitis C Virus)?
1 in 30
55
What is the risk of infection following a sharps injury involving a hollow bore needle or device contaminated with HIV (Hepatitis I Virus)?
1 in 300
56
In the event of an accident/incident, what is needed?
prompt first aid and immediate risk assessment as well as a test for a BBV
57
How must Blood and body fluid spills must be dealt with?
Quickly and effectively
58
What would a risk assessment include in a tattoo studio?
How to prevent exposure to biological agents
Steps needed to achieve adequate control of exposure
Steps needed to avoid accidental needlestick / sharps injury
59
What should those exposed too blood / body fluid through sharps or splashes have?
A full course of the Hepatitis B vaccine
60
Under the health and safety act 1974, what protective measures should employers pay for regarding BBV's?
Immunization such as Vaccination
61
If you do not want immunization against a BBV what must you do?
Sign a document stating you have been offered but refused
62
Whats classed as offensive / hygiene waste?
used gloves, aprons, swabs, small dressings and cotton wool
63
What should sharps be handled and disposed of as?
Hazardous waste
64
What should sharps be disposed in?
Standards compliant yellow sharps bin with orange lid
65
Define Decontamination.
A combination of processes that render a reusable item safe for reuse.
66
What are a good alternative for items that can be decontaminated and reused?
Pre - Sterilized single use items
67
When an item is marked with a 2 in a circle and a diagonal line running through it, what does this indicate?
Single use item, even if decontaminated
68
What is a Type B sterilizer?
Vaccuum or Porous load sterilizer are suitable for hollow, porous or wrapped (conforming to BS EN 868) items
69
What is a Type S steam sterilizer?
Similar to type B but can only process specific loads
70
What is a Type N steam sterilizer?
Sterilizers with no assisted air removal. Only suitable for NON porous, solid and unwrapped items.
71
Decontamination requirement for a Needle?
Single use -reason: pierces the skin
72
Decontamination requirement for a Tube, Tip and Grip?
Single use - reason: holds needle to pierce skin
73
Decontamination requirement for a Ink Caps?
Single use - reason: holds ink contaminated with blood
74
Decontamination requirement for an Elastic Band?
Single use - reason: contaminated with blood via artist hands
75
Decontamination requirement for a Tattoo machine?
Clean with 70% alcohol wipe
76
Decontamination requirement for Clipcords?
Reduce contamination by covering with impervious barrier. Remove barrier carefully and dispose of carefully.
77
Define a Pathogen.
An organism capable of invading the body and causing disease
78
Define an infectious disease.
An illness caused by a pathogen which invades the body and causes damage.
79
Define a communicable disease.
A disease that is contagious
80
Define Self infection (endogenous infection).
An infection from the persons own body flora
81
Define Cross infection (exogenous infection).
An infection from an external source
82
What are Bacteria?
Single celled organisms that can self replicate and produce spores that survive outside of the human body.
83
What are Viruses?
Viruses are smaller than bacteria and invade the hosts cells to grow and replicate. They cannot be treated with anti-biotics.
84
What is a Pathogenic Fungi?
Either a mold or yeast such as ringworm or thrush.
85
Define a Fomite.
An object that becomes contaminated with organisms which has the potential to transmit/infect another person.
86
What are BBV's?
Blood Borne Virus' are viral infections that can be spread through infected blood and bodily fluids
87
All blood donations are now screened for __________.
Hepatitis B
88
What does HIV stand for?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
89
What class of viruses belongs to HIV?
Retroviruses
90
What subclass of viruses belongs to HIV?
Lentiviruses
91
How does HIV replicate itself?
By infecting CD4 Cells
92
What are CD4 Cells?
White blood cells that respond to infections
93
If HIV is not controlled by treatment, what can this cause?
Loss of CD4 cells and increase in serious illnesses and opportunistic illnesses
94
What does AIDS stand for?
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
95
How do Retroviruses replicate?
They store genetic information using RNA instead of DNA meaning they need to make DNA when entering a cell
96
What is hepatitis sometimes shortened to?
Hep
97
HIV's RNA is made up of 9 genes, which genes produce proteins to make new virus particles?
GAG, POL and ENV
98
HIV's RNA is made up of 9 genes, which genes provide the code to make proteins?
TAT, REV, NEF, VIF, VPR and VPU
99
Which cells have a CD4 Receptor?
T-lymphocytes (AKA T-Cells), monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells
100
Which antiretroviral drugs have been developed to block different stages of HIV attachment to a CD4 Cell?
CCR5, attachment and fusion inhibitors.
101
What must the RNA from the HIV cell do when it enters the cell?
Be reverse transcribed
102
What 2 Antiretroviral drugs have been produced to stop the actions of reverse transcriptase and creation of proviral DNA within a cell?
Nucleoside and Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors
103
What do Nucleoside and Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors do?
Bind to the HIV directly to the reverse transcriptase enzyme
104
After the HIV proviral DNA is within a host cell, HIV remains dormant within the cellular DNA. What is this stage called?
Latency
105
What is a cell called when HIV proviral DNA is within a host cell and remains dormant?
Latently Infected
106
HIV proteins are cut into smaller chains by what?
HIV protease enzymes
107
Which Hepatitis can be fatal when left untreated?
C
