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ABA > Task list C > Flashcards

Task list C Flashcards

1
Q

Operational definition of behavior

A

What the behavior consists of.
Everything observed and measured is what can be seen.

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2
Q

Topography

A

The physical form or shape of a behavior

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3
Q

Partial interval recording

A

A time sampling method for measuring behavior in which the observation period is divided into a series of brief intervals

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4
Q

Whole interval recording

A

A measurement method in which the presence or absence of a behavior is recorded at precisely specified time periods

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5
Q

DRO
(Differential reinforcement of other behavior)

A

A procedure for decreasing problem behavior in which reinforcement is contingent on the absence of the problem behavior during or at specific times

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6
Q

DRA
(differential reinforcement of alternative behavior)

A

A procedure for decreasing problem behavior in which reinforcement is delivered for a behavior that serves as a desirable alternative for the behavior targeted for reduction

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7
Q

DRI
(differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviors)

A

A procedure for decreasing problem behavior in which reinforcement is delivered for a behavior that is topographically incompatible with the behavior targeted for reduction and withheld following instances of the problem behavior

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8
Q

DRD

A

A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement is provided at the end of a predetermined interval contingent on the number of responses emitted during the interval being fewer than a gradually decreasing criterion based on the individual’s performance in previous intervals

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9
Q

DRH
(differential reinforcement of high rate of behavior)

A

A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement is provided at the end of a predetermined interval contingent on the number of responses emitted during the interval being greater than a gradually increasing criterion based on the individual’s performance in previous intervals

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10
Q

DRL
(differential reinforcement of low rates of behavior)

A

A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement (a) follows each occurrence of the target behavior that is separated from the previous response by a minimum interresponse time (IRT), or (b) is contingent on the number of responses within a period of time not exceeding a predetermined criterion

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11
Q

Magnitude
AKA: strength; force; intensity; severity

A

The force or intensity with which a response is emitted; provides important quantitative parameters used in defining and verifying the occurrence of some response classes

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12
Q

Description

A

1st level of understanding
facts from systematically observed events:
can be quantified & classified to test for relationships
help identify a hypothesis

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13
Q

Prediction
AKA: Correlation

A

2nd level of understanding
when repeated observations shows that there is a consistant relationship b/w two events

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14
Q

Control
AKA: Causation

A

3rd level of understanding
functional relation is established
experimental demonstration that manipulates one event (IV) results in the change of another event (DV)

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15
Q

Determinism

A

the world is an orderly, predictable, & lawful place
everything is cause & effect
everything happens b/c of other events

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16
Q

Empiricism

A

the act of objective observation & measurement
data-based approach
objective observation & detailed description of events

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17
Q

Parsimony

A

Reliance on simplest theory requiring the fewest assumptions
you must rule out the simple explanation first

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18
Q

Pragmatism

A

truth found out through verification
goes w/ behaviorism

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19
Q

Selectionism

A

Selection by consequences
anything that evolves does so b/c consequences of behavior
ones with positive consequences survive
evolution due to functional selection

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20
Q

Experimentation

A

controlled comparison of the DV under two or more conditions (IVs)
requires manipulating variables
assessment to see if one event caused another
Functional Analysis

21
Q

Replication

A

Repeating Experiments
Must have replication to determine reliability & usefulness of their findings

22
Q

Philosophical Doubt

A

Question the truth
Have healthy skepticism

23
Q

Behaviorism
AKA: conceptual analysis of behavior

A

examine the philosophical, theoretical, historical, & methodological issues w/in the science of behavior
today’s behaviorism = Skinner’s Radical Behaviorism

24
Q

Experimental Analysis of Behavior
(EAB)

A

research on basic processes & principals & conducted mainly in labs
controlled settings
human & nonhuman subjects

25
Q

Applied behavior analysis
(ABA)

A

analysts access, monitor, analyze, revise, & communicate the effects of their work
create behavior change tactics that can increase bx, teach, & maintain behavior, reduce challenging bx
creates technology for improving bx

26
Q

Professional Practice *****

A

implementing ABA procedures w/in their professions

27
Q

Darwinian Selectionism
AKA: selection by consequence

A

three term contingency
evolution as a result of selection w/ respect to function

28
Q

Ontogeny

A

selection by consequences operates during the lifetime of the individual
result in the best outcomes are selected & survive
more adaptive repertoires

29
Q

Phylogeny

A

Natural selection in the evolutionary history of a species

30
Q

Behavioral

A

target behavior that needs improving
must be measurable
ask whose behavior has changed

31
Q

Applied

A

improve individuals’ everyday lives
improves socially significant behavior
helps significant others

32
Q

Technological

A

Direct and precisely replicable procedures
everything is defined clearly & in detail so they’re replicable

33
Q

Conceptually Systematic

A

All ABA procedures used should be derived from the basic principles of behavior analysis

34
Q

Analytic

A

Functional relationship is shown
Manipulated events produce reliable change in any measurable dimension of the bx
experimenter can control the occurrence & nonoccurrence of the bx

35
Q

Generality

A

any behavior that persists across time, settings, behaviors, and other people

36
Q

Effective

A

Practical improvement
there should be a change on socially significant behavior

37
Q

Occurrence
AKA: repeatability and percentage measures

A

Percentage
Frequency
Rate

38
Q

Repeatability measures
AKA: countability; occurrence;
Event Recording
Acronym: CRC

A

Behavior is counted, # of times a behavior occurs
1. Count
2. Rate
3. Celeration

39
Q

Count
AKA: frequency

A

The number of occurrences

40
Q

Rate

A

The # of occurrences in a given period of time
Formula = count/time
only use for free operants (i.e. behaviors that have a discrete beginning and end and are free to occur at any time)

41
Q

Celeration
hint: CelebRATE good TIMES!

A

changes in rate overtime
formula: count per unit of time/time or rate/time
Use: examine how rates of response change over time; measuring fluency

42
Q

Derivative measures
2 types

A

A derivative measure of occurrence, derived from the dimensional qualities
1. percentage
2. Trials to criterion

43
Q

Percentage

A

Considered an occurrence measurement
proportion or ratio formed by combining the same dimensional quantities
(e.g. count divided by count)

44
Q

Trials to Criterion

A

Occurrence measurement
A measure of the # of response opportunities required to achieve a pre-specified level of performance criteria
May be measured as count, rate, duration, and latency

45
Q

Temporal dimensions of behavior
(e.g. duration, latency, inter response time)

A

Measures behavior using timing 1. Temporal extent:
Duration
2.Temporal Locus
Latency
IRT

46
Q

Duration
AKA: Temporal extent

A

Length of time the behavior occurs from onset to offset

47
Q

Latency
AKA: response latency

A

Duration of time between the onset of a stimulus and initiation of a behavior

48
Q

Definitional measures (2)

A

Topography
Magnitude

49
Q

Interresponse Time (IRT)

A

Duration of time that elapses between 2 consecutive instances of behavior

ABA (3 decks)

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