Task List A Flashcards
Systematic observations that can be quantified & classified
-Simply describing what you see, objectively
Description
2 events vary consistently (ex: when 1 even occurs, we are likely to see the other, but one doesn’t necessarily cause the other)
A.K.A “correlations”
-Correlation does not mean causation
Prediction
(Functional Relation)
Experimental demonstration that manipulating one event results in another event
-Highest level of scientific understanding
Control
Erin tapped her pencil 27 times
Description
Erin is more likely to tap her pencil when she is wearing a black shirt
Prediction
Conducting an experiment to find out what makes Erin tap her pencil
Control
The belief that the universe is a lawful & orderly place & that all phenomena occur as a result of other events
-Things don’t just happen-they are caused by other factors
Determinism
The practice of objective observations
-Demands objective observation based on thorough description & precise quantification of the phenomena of interest
Empiricism
Strategy of controlling & manipulating variables while carefully observing events (ex: experimental analysis, manipulation of variables)
Experimentation
The repeating of experiments
- Primary method in which scientists determine the reliability & usefulness of their findings
- Can also help discover their mistakes
Replication
Requires that all simple, logical explanations for the phenomena under investigation be rules out experimentally before more complex or abstract explanations are considered
-Favors the simplest explanations with the fewest assumptions
Parsimony
Healthy skepticism, requires scientists to continually question the truthfulness of what is regarded as a face
-Scientists must constantly be willing to set aside their own beliefs & findings & replace them with knowledge derived from new discoveries
Philosophic Doubt
involves assessing the usefulness of an explanation/procedure in regards to outcomes & results
- As a BA, you should be implementing interventions & txs that actually work
- Just because something “should” work, does not necessarily mean that it will work for a specific population
Pragmaticism
Acknowledges the existence of private events, but do not consider them in the study of bx or BA
-Only focuses on what can be observed
Methodological Behaviorism
Includes & seeks to understand all human bx
- Conceptualized by Skinner
- Far-reaching & thoroughgoing
Radical Behaviorism
- Private events such as thoughts & feelings are bx
- bx that takes place within the skin is only different than observable bx by its inaccessibility
- Private bx is influenced by the same kinds of variables as all other observable bx
3 assumptions of radical behaviorism
Looks at the theoretical & conceptual issues of behaviorism
Conceptual Analysis of Bx
Philosophical & theoretical foundations of the science
-This is where our science started
Behaviorism
Basic research
-Involves lab settings with both human & non-human subjects
Experimental Analysis of bx
Science in which procedures derived fro the principles of bx are systematically applied to improve socially significant bx to a meaningful degree & to demonstrate experimentally that the procedures employed were responsible for the improvement in bx
-Still includes experiments, but this type of research focuses on socially significant bxs
ABA
When a BA designs, implements, evaluates bc in applied settings
- Taking the technology for tx/delivering tx
- Professional practice
Behavior Science Delivery
Social significance of the bx under investigation
-Meaningful outcomes to improve the quality of lives
Applied
(1) bx chosen for study must be the bx in need of improvement
(2) bx must be able to be measured- must be observable
(3) Necessary to ask whose bx has changed
Behavioral
Researcher demonstrates a functional relation between the manipulated events & the bx of interest
-There is a functional relation between the intervention & the bx change
Analytical
