TASK 1

Question 1

Third-person data

Answer 1

A public, external and objective point of view on human behavior and experience

Question 2

First-person data

Answer 2

The point of view of the “I” as the way in which a human subject has access to herself/himself and the world to her/his experiences, emotions, thoughts and actions

Question 3

Fundamental theory of consciousness

Answer 3

A theory that contains principles of the relationship between first- and third-person data

Question 4

Neural Correlate of Consciousness (NCC)

Answer 4

The neural system or systems primarily associated with conscious experience

Question 5

Pre-experimental bridging principles

Answer 5

Criteria that we consider in systems to say a) whether or not they are conscious now and b) which information they are conscious of and which they are not
(Can not be experimentally tested)

Question 6

Principle of verbal report

Answer 6

Bridging principle;
If information is verbally reported, it is conscious

Question 7

Principle of reportability

Answer 7

When information is directly available for verbal report, it is conscious
(Extension of verbal report, we do not report everything that we are conscious of)

Question 8

Minimally conscious state

Answer 8

Patients who recover from a vegetative state, but not fully.
- show inconsistent, but reproducible signs of awareness, including following a command
- are still unable to communicate interactively

Question 9

Conscious in a medical state, if …

Answer 9

A) shows. Evidence of purposeful behavior in response to environment
B) is awake (Aroused) As evidenced by eg. eye opening

Question 10

Consciousness content

Answer 10

Qualitative aspect

Question 11

Consciousness level

Answer 11

Quantitative aspect (arousal)

Question 12

Clouded awareness

Answer 12

E.g. following alcohol consumption

Question 13

Narrowed awareness

Answer 13

In e.g. phobia

Question 14

Awareness shift

Answer 14

In e.g. psychosis

Question 15

Drowsiness

Answer 15

Normal sleepiness

Question 16

Somnolence

Answer 16

Abnormal sleepiness, but acoustically arousable

Question 17

Sopor

Answer 17

No spontaneous movements, reaction to pain stimuli is adequate

Question 18

Coma

Answer 18

No reaction to visual, acoustic, or pain stimuli
Absence of arousal and awareness

Question 19

Brain death

Answer 19

Final breakdown of all brain function
No spontaneous breathing and brainstem reflexes

Question 20

Locked-in syndrome

Answer 20

(Stephen Hawking)
Almost complete motor de-efferentiation leading to quadriparesis and anarthria

Question 21

Vegetative state

Answer 21

Brain functions are reduced to vegetative functions (loss of cognitive functions and perception with conserved wakefulness of environment or self (wakeful unawareness)

Question 22

Minimally conscious state (MCS)

Answer 22

Unresponsive patients that show periods of clear evidence of deliberate or cognitively mediated behavior