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Pharm 3 test 4 > Targeted Therapies- Antineoplastic > Flashcards

Targeted Therapies- Antineoplastic Flashcards

1
Q

How do BCR-ABL inhibitors work?

A

Block TK, which blocks the downstream pathway that leads to cell proliferation

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2
Q

What does a Philadelphia Chromosome translocation lead to?

A

An expression of BCR and ABL, leading to unctrollable cell proliferation

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3
Q

What cancer is the Philadelphia chromosome closely related to?

A

Chronic myeloid leukemia

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4
Q

What are the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors?

A

Imatinib, Dasatinib, nilotinib

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5
Q

What it unique about dasatinibs ability compared to others in its class?

A

It can inhibit many TKs, but it can overcome Imatanib resistance

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6
Q

Which has higher binding affinity to Abl, Nilotinib or Imatinib?

A

Nilotinib

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7
Q

What are the Multi kinase RTKs Inhibitors?

A

Sunitinib, sorafenib, pazopanib

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8
Q

What do the Muli kinase RTKs inhibitors do?

A

Inhibit multiple receptor kinasases

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9
Q

What is the action of epidermal growth factor receptors?

A

Leads to cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis
This is overexpressed in several solid tumors

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10
Q

What is the murine percent of Mouse (omab)?
Chimeric (Ximab)?
Humanize (zumab)?
Human (umab)? Human

A

100%
33%
10%
100%

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11
Q

What is cetuximabs MOA?

A

chimeric mAb directed against extracellular EGFR domain

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12
Q

What can we know by looking at cetuximabs name?

A

xi, so highest murine content, so definitely hypersensitivity problems

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13
Q

What is critical to know about cetuximabs administration?

A

Should not be given with radiation of head/neck, can cause sudden death

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14
Q

What is panitumumabs MOA?

A

Fully humanized EGFR inhibitor

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15
Q

What is erlotinib and Lapatinibs MOA?

A

Inhibits INTRAcellular tyrosine kinase domain on EGFR

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16
Q

How is erlotinib and Lapatinib metabolized?

A

CYP3A4

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17
Q

What is an important note on Neratinib?

A

Its an irreversible HER2/EGFR inhibitor

18
Q

What type of receptor is HER 1 and 2?

A

EGFR- Epidermanl Growth Factor Receptor

19
Q

What are the HER 2 receptor inhibitors?

A

Trastuzumad and pertuzumab

20
Q

What is Trastuzumabs MOA?

A

Humanized mAb, binds to domain IV on HER2 receptor, inhibiting signal transduction, also flags for cytotoxicity

21
Q

What is the main ADE for trastuzumab and pertuzumab?

A

Cardiotoxicity

22
Q

What is pertuzumabs MOA?

A

Humanized mAb, binds to domain II on HER2 receptor, inhibiting signal transduction, also flags for cytotoxicity

23
Q

What are the two BRAF inhibitors?

A

Dabrafenib and Vemurafenib

24
Q

What are BRAF inhibitors MOA?

A

Inhibit BRAF, which can be a constitutively active kinase pathway/component

25
Q

What is the MEK inhibitor?

A

Trametinib, does what it sounds like

MEK is a downstream enzyme in the TK process

26
Q

What is the VEGF inhibitor?

A

Bevacizumab and Ziv-alfibercept

27
Q

What is VEGF?

A

Its one of the most important factors for angiogenic growth factors. Tumors secrete this to help growing.

28
Q

What is bevacizumabs MOA?

A

Prevents VEGF from binding to the receptor

29
Q

What is bevacizumabs ADE?

A

Hypertension

30
Q

What is Ziv-afilbercepts MOA?

A

Creates a decoy receptor

31
Q

What is Ziv-Afilbercepts ADEs?

A

Hypertension

32
Q

What is bortezomibs MOA?

A

Inhibits proteasomes leading to excess protein in the cell and apoptosis

33
Q

What are the mTOR inhibitors?

A

Everolimus, Temsirolimus

34
Q

What do mutations in mTOR pathway result in?

A

Exaggerate signaling and enhanced cancer cell survival

35
Q

What is everolimus active metabolite?

A

Sirolimus

36
Q

What is the MOA of Thalidomide?

A

Anti MM Activity (Multiple Myeloma)
Inhibition of MM cell adhesion to bone marrow cells
Decreased angiogenesis
Enhanced T cell production and NK cells

37
Q

What is Thalidomide NOT ok to use in?

A

Morning Sickness. Extremely teratogenic

38
Q

What class is Rituximab?

A

Anti-CD20, basically destroys b cells (in cancer where B cells are rogue)

39
Q

What is Rituximabs ADE?

A

Chimeric, “xi”, so reactions

40
Q

What is Ipilimumabs MOA?

A

Inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4, so it ensures T cell activity is regained

41
Q

What is Pembrolizumads MOA?

A

Inhibits PD-1 (which is something that cancer cells use to help avoid getting destroyed by the body), so ensures programmed cell death can occur

Pharm 3 test 4 (5 decks)

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