Targerted Therapy Flashcards
WHAT are some examples of targeted therapy?
Small molecule inhibitors (tyrosine kinase inhibitors),
Monoclonal antibodies
Describe features of EGFR targeted agents
It is a molecule which activates many genetic mutations.
Side effects: Where EGFR is expressed eg, Skin, GI tract and kidneys
Describe features of HER2
Molecule overexpressed in breast cancer, can also be used in gastric cancer. Examples: Trastuzumab.
Side effects: Heart failure
What are VEGF targeted therapies?
These block VEGF which prevents angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
USes: Many uses
Side effects: Blood vessels (clotting), renal hypertension, heart, skin, delayed wound healing
Describe features of PARP inhibitors
Side effects: Myelosupression, nausea and fatigue
Name some examples of endocrine for breast cancer?
LHRH analogues,
Selective oestrogen receptor modulators - tamoxifen,
Aromatase inhibitors,
Selective oestrogen receptor degrader.
Name some examples of androgen therapy for prostate cancer
LHRH agonosts.
LHRH antagonists,
Androgen synthesis inhibitors from adrenals,
Androgen receptor antagonists
What are immune checkpoint inhibitors?
Monoclonal antibodies
Wat is the mechanism of action of PDL1 inhibitors?
Tissue expressed PDL1 which tells T cells to switch off and not kill it. Cancer cells also express this which prevents the immune system killing them. So give PDL1 inhibitors so immune system recognises cancer
What are the side effects of immunotherapy?
Similar to autoimmune diseases:
Dry mouth,
Rash/vitiligo,
Myocarditis,
Pancreatitis,
Colitis/enteritis,
Hepatitis,
Pneumonitis,
Thyroiditis,
Encephalitis
All these can occur two years following cessation of treatment
What is the treatment for immune mediated therapy diarrhoea
If severe - IV methylpred and monitor for steroids.
Do cultures,
Sigmoidoscopy
Request quantiferon
