Tables and Figures to Memorize Flashcards
The Charge of Lithium
1+
The Charge of Aluminum
3+
The Charge of Sodium
1+
The Charge of Magnesium
2+
The Charge of Potassium
1+
The Charge of Calcium
2+
The Charge of Scandium
3+
The Charge of Zinc
2+
The Charge of Rubidium
1+
The Charge of Strontium
2+
The Charge of Silver
1+
The Charge of Cesium
1+
The Charge of Barium
2+
Anion Name of Fluorine
Fluoride
Anion Name of Chlorine
Chloride
Anion Name of Bromine
Bromide
Anion Name of Iodine
Iodide
Anion Name of Oxygen
Oxide
Anion Name of Sulfur
Sulfide
Anion Name of Nitrogen
Nitride
Anion Name of Phosphorus
Phosphide
The charges of Chromium
2+ and 3+
The charges of Iron
2+ and 3+
The charges of Cobalt
2+ and 3+
The charges of Copper
1+ and 2+
The charges of Tin
2+ and 4+
The Charges of Mercury
1+ (across Hg_2) and 2+
The charges of Lead
2+ and 4+
C2H3O2 (1-)
Acetate
CO3 (2-)
Carbonate
HCO3 (1-)
Bicarbonate or Hydrogen Carbonate
OH (1-)
Hydroxide
NO2 (1-)
Nitrite
NO3 (1-)
Nitrate
CrO4 (2-)
Chromate
Cr2O7 (2-)
Dichromate
PO4 (3-)
Phosphate
HPO4 (2-)
Hydrogen Phosphate
H2PO4 (1-)
Dihydrogen Phosphate
NH4 (1+)
Ammonium
ClO (1-)
Hypochlorite
ClO2 (1-)
Chlorite
ClO3 (1-)
Chlorate
ClO4 (1-)
Perchlorate
MnO4 (1-)
Permanganate
SO3 (2-)
Sulfite
HSO3 (1-)
Bisulfite or Hydrogen Sulfite
SO4 (2-)
Sulfate
HSO4 (1-)
Bisulfate or Hydrogen Sulfate
CN (1-)
Cyanide
O2 (2-)
Peroxide
Hydrate Prefixes (half-8)
hemi, mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa
Elements that exist primarily as diatomic molecules
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine
HCl
Hydrochloric acid
HBr
Hydrobromic acid
HI
Hydroiodic acid
HNO3
Nitric acid
H2SO4
Sulfuric acid
HClO4
Perchloric acid
HC2H3O2 (weak acid)
Acetic acid
HF (weak acid)
Hydrofluoric acid
NaOH
Sodium Hydroxide
LiOH
Lithium Hydroxide
KOH
Potassium Hydroxide
Ca(OH)2
Calcium Hydroxide
Ba(OH)2
Barium Hydroxide
NH3 (weak base)
Ammonia
What defines an Alkane?
Having all single bonds
What defines an Alkene?
Having at least one double bond
What defines an Alkyne?
Having at least one triple bond
R-OH
Alcohols
R-O-R
Ethers
. O
||
R-C-H
Aldehydes
. O
||
R-C-R
Ketones
. O
||
R-C-OH
Carboxylic Acids
. O
||
R-C-OR
Esters
. R
|
R-N-R
Amines
2 Electron Groups, 0 Lone Pairs
Linear, Linear, 180 degrees
3 Electron Groups, 0 Lone Pairs
Trigonal Planar, Trigonal Planar, 120 degrees
3 Electron Groups, 1 Lone Pair
Trigonal Planar, Bent, <120 degrees
4 Electron Groups, 0 Lone Pairs
Tetrahedral, Tetrahedral, 109.5 degrees
4 Electron Groups, 1 Lone Pair
Tetrahedral, Trigonal Pyramidal, <109.5 degrees
4 Electron Groups, 2 Lone Pairs
Tetrahedral, Bent, <109.5 degrees
5 Electron Groups, 0 Lone Pairs
Trigonal Bipyramidal, Trigonal Bipyramidal, 120 degrees (equatorial) and 90 degrees (axial)
5 Electron Groups, 1 Lone Pair
Trigonal Bipyramidal, Seesaw, <120 degrees (equatorial) and <90 degrees (axial)
5 Electron Groups, 2 Lone Pairs
Trigonal Bipyramidal, T-shaped, <90 degrees
5 Electron Groups, 3 Lone Pairs
Trigonal Bipyramidal, Linear, 180 degrees
6 Electron Groups, 0 Lone Pairs
Octahedral, Octahedral, 90 degrees
6 Electron Groups, 1 Lone Pair
Octahedral, Square Pyramidal, <90 degrees
6 Electron Groups, 2 Lone Pairs
Octahedral, Square Planar, 90 degrees