T6 waves in air, fluids and solids

Question 1

types of waves

Answer 1

transverse

longitudinal

Question 2

what is a transverse wave

Answer 2

wave for which the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

Question 3

what is a longitudinal wave

Answer 3

wave for which the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer

Question 4

2 examples of transverse waves

Answer 4

electromagnetic waves

seismic s-waves

Question 5

2 examples of longitudinal waves

Answer 5

sound waves

seismic p-waves

Question 6

2 parts of a longitudinal wave names

Answer 6

compressions and rarefactions

Question 7

what is a wave’s amplitude

Answer 7

maximum displacement of a point on a wave from its undisturbed position

Question 8

what is a wavelength

Answer 8

• distance from a point on a wave to the same position on the adjacent wave
• most commonly peak to peak or trough to trough

Question 9

what is the frequency of a wave

Answer 9

number of waves that pass a given point each second

Question 10

unit used for frequency

Answer 10

Hertz, Hz

Question 11

what is meant by a frequency of 200Hz

Answer 11

200 waves pass a given point each second

Question 12

what is wave speed

Answer 12

speed at which the wave moves or at which energy is transferred through a medium

Question 13

what does a wave transfer

Answer 13

energy

Question 14

equation used to calculate wave speed

Answer 14

wave speed = frequency x wavelength

speed (m/s), frequency (Hz), wavelength (m)

Question 15

word used to describe when a wave bounces off a surface

Answer 15

reflection

Question 16

how do sound waves travel through a solid

Answer 16

particles in the solid vibrate and transfer kinetic energy through the material

Question 17

frequency range of human hearing

Answer 17

20 Hz= 20kHz

1kHz = 1000 Hz

Question 18

what are ultrasound waves

Answer 18

waves which have a frequency higher than the upper limit of human hearing (20kHz)

Question 19

example use for ultrasound waves

Answer 19

medical or industrial imaging

Question 20

what natural event causes seismic waves to be produced

what types are produced

Answer 20

earthquakes

produce both P-waves and S-waves

Question 21

state a difference between the medium that P-waves and S-waves can travel through

Answer 21

• P-waves travel through both solids and liquids

- S-waves only travel through solids only

Question 22

technique used to detect objects in deep water and measure water depth

Answer 22

• echo sounding
• high frequency sound waves are emitted, reflected and detected
• time difference between emission and detection, alongside wave speed are used to calculate distances