T4:Judaism Practices Flashcards
1
Q
What is a synagogue?
A
building Jews meet for:
- worship
- study
- charity
- festivals
2
Q
What is the minyan?
A
- Where certain prayers are said
- Group of at least 10 adults
3
Q
What is the Ark (Aron Hakodesh)?
A
- Cabinet where Torah scrolls are kept
4
Q
Where is the holiest place in the synagogue?
A
Ark (Aron Hakodesh)
5
Q
What is ner tamid?
A
Ever-burning light
6
Q
What does ner tamid symbolise?
A
God’s presence
7
Q
What is the reading platform (bimah)?
A
Platform where Torah read
8
Q
What is the Jewish name for reading platform?
A
Bimah
9
Q
What are the principles of Orthodox Judaism?
A
- Emphasises Torah laws
- Believe men & women have different roles
- Follow dietary laws strictly
10
Q
What are the principles of Reform Judaism?
A
- Individual choice in deciding how to worship & practice the faith
- Men and women should be able to undertake the same roles
- Think dietary laws are outdated
11
Q
How often do Jews pray?
A
Three times a day
12
Q
What are Orthodox services like?
A
- Daily service
- In Hebrew
- Men & women sit separately
13
Q
What are reform services like?
A
- Synagogue doesn’t hold daily services
- Focus on celebrating Shabbat & festivals
- Men and women sit together
14
Q
What do Orthodox wear when praying?
A
- Tallit
- Tefillin
15
Q
What is a tallit?
A
Prayer shawl
16
Q
What is the significance of Tallit?
A
- Obeys God’s word
- Represent mitzvot
17
Q
What is Tefillin?
A
Small leather boxes containing extracts from the Torah
18
Q
What do Jewish services consist of?
A
- Opening prayer
- Shema
- Amidah (series of blessings)
- Final prayers
19
Q
What is Amidah?
A
Standing prayer
20
Q
What is the central prayer?
A
Amidah
21
Q
What is Shabbat?
A
- Rest day
- ‘Remember sabbath day and keep it holy’ Exodus 20:8
- a time to celebrate creation (Gen)
22
Q
What is the Jewish holy day?
A
Shabbat
23
Q
What do Shabbat services consist of?
A
- Friday evening service
- Saturday morning main service
24
Q
What does the congregation do during Shabbat service?
A
Stand when Ark is opened
25
What is the significance of standing when the Ark is opened?
Jews standing at Sinai when Moses returned with 10 commandments
26
What happens to the Torah during Shabbat service?
- Taken from Ark
- Dressed with cover
27
What is the significance of the Torah cover during Shabbat service?
Reminder of vestments worn by priests
28
Where is the Torah held during Shabbat service?
- In front of congregation
- Chanted
- Paraded
29
What is the significance of holding the Torah during Shabbat service?
- Represents Jews carrying Ark from Sinai to Jerusalem
30
How is Shabbat prepared beforehand as a rest day?
- Cleaning house
- Preparing food
- Candles on table
31
Why isn't work allowed during Shabbat?
Fourth commandment
32
What is the significance of the candles on the table during Shabbat?
Represents two commandments to 'remember' and 'observe' Shabbat
33
How is the start of Shabbat marked?
- Wife lights and waves around candles
- She says a prayer to bless family
34
How is the end of Shabbat marked?
Havdalah service
35
What is the main celebration of Shabbat?
Friday evening meal
36
What is the significance of the Friday evening meal?
- Allows family and relax and enjoy each other's company
37
What may Jews do instead of attending the Synagogue?
Pray at home
38
How are Jews reminded to focus on God at home?
Touching mezuzah
39
What is the mezuzah?
Small box containing Torah verses
40
What is the Tenakh?
- Main Jewish sacred text
- Contains written law
41
What is the Talmud?
Commentary which helps Jews to put Tenakh laws into practice
42
What are the three Jewish ceremonies associated with birth?
- Naming ceremony
- Brit Milah
- Redemption of firstborn Son
43
What is Brit Milah?
Circumcision
44
What is redemption of the firstborn son?
Firstborn son is 'reedemed' from Temple service
45
How do boys celebrate coming of age at 13?
- Bar Mitzvah
- Become a 'son of the commandment
46
How do girls celebrate coming of age at 12 in Reform Judaism?
- Bat Mitzvah
- Become a 'daughter of the commandment
47
How do Jewish boys celebrate a Bar Mitzvah?
- Reads from Torah
- Wears tallit
- Short speech
- Father thanks God
- Celebratory meal
48
How do Jewish girls celebrate a Bat Mitzvah?
- Short speech
- Celebratory meal
- Similar to Bar Mitzvah
49
What is betrothal?
- Lasts for a year
- Only broken by death/divorce
- Couple do not live together
50
How does a spiritual bond in marriage help couples?
Helps them to experience holiness in their everyday lives
51
What do the periods of mourning help Jewish family to do?
Grieve fully but help them get back to normal life
52
What happens when a death is announced?
- Small tear in clothes (Gen 37:54)
- Blessing to recognize God as judge
53
What happens in the first period of mourning?
- Buried within 24 hrs
- Jews comfort soul
- Because they believe it doesn't leave until buried
54
What happens in the second period of mourning (shiva)?
- Intense 7 day mourning
- Kaddish prayer - praises God
55
What happens in the third period of mourning?
- Normal life resumes
- Mourners do not listen to music/go to parties
- Kaddish daily
56
What happens in the final period of mourning?
- 11 months long
- Not allowed to attend parties
57
What happens after the first year of death?
Formal mourning ends
58
What does kosher mean?
Acceptable to eat
59
What does trefah mean?
Unacceptable to eat
60
Why do Jewish kitchens have separate food prep areas?
Milk and meat cannot be mixed
61
Where do dietary laws originate from?
Torah passages
62
Why do Orthodox Jews follow dietary laws?
Test from God for self-control and obedience
63
How are Kosher animals killed?
- Slaughtered with knife
- Animal conscious when killed
- Animal blood drained
64
Give a quote that backs up the belief of dietary laws
"You shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk"" Exodus 23:19"
65
What is Rosh Hashanah?
Festival that marks Jewish new year
66
What do Jews believe about God's role in Rosh Hashanah?
- God judges actions
- Decides fortune of coming year
67
What is Yom Kippur?
- Holiest & most important day of year
- When God's judgement from Rosh Hashanah is finalised
68
What do Jews do during the ten days between the start of Rosh Hashanah & Yom Kippur?
- Jews make up for wrongdoings over past year
- Seek forgiveness from God
69
How do Jews observe Rosh Hashanah?
- Take actions that will improve God's judgement
- Festive meal
- Synagogue service
70
How do Jews observe Yom Kippur?
- Attending synagogue
- Ask God to forgive sins
- Wear white for purity
- Fast for 25 hours
71
What is Pesach (Passover)?
- 7/8 day festival
- Celebrates Jews' escape from slavery in Egypt
72
What is Passover Seder?
- Meal with special foods that families share on first evening of Pesach
73
How do Jews prepare for Pesach?
Remove yeast from home
74
What does removing yeast from the home symbolise?
When the Jews did not have time to let their bread rise from when they escaped Egypt
75
What does red wine symbolise?
Lambs' blood Jews smeared on doorposts to save children from plague
76
What does unleavened bread symbolise?
God's command to celebrate Egypt escape from eating unleavened bread for 7 days each year (Exodus 12:15)
77
What does the egg and lamb bone on the Seder plate symbolise?
Sacrifices made in Jerusalem Temple
