T3 AQ Flashcards
All of the following muscle elevate the mandible EXCEPT? Temporalis Masseter Lateral Pterygoid Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid
Which of the following represents the communication pathway between the infratemporal fossa and the orbit? Pterygomaxillary fissure Inferior orbital fissure Superior orbital fissure Pterygopalatine fossa
Pterygomaxillary fissure
The maxillary artery is divided into three parts with reference to its branching pattern. Which of the following structures is used to demarcate the three parts?
Lateral pterygoid muscle
Medial pterygoid muscle
Mandibular ramus and masseter muscle
Superior alveolar process and temporalis muscle
Lateral pterygoid muscle
Which of the following arteries branches from the third part of the maxillary artery? Posterior superior alveoli Buccal Inferior alveolar Middle meningeal
Posterior superior alveoli ***
The middle meningeal artery enters the cranial cavity via which of the following foramina? Ovale Rotundum Spinosum Lacerum
Spinosum ***
Which of the following hypaxial muscles is attached to the hyoid bone but is not part of the infrahyoid group? Sternothyroid Thyrohyoid Geniohyoid Omohyoid
Geniohyoid
Which of the following scalene muscles attaches to the second rib? Anterior Middle Posterior None of the above
Posterior
The anterior belly of the digastric muscle is derived from the first pharyngeal arch and is innervated by which nerve? Facial Trigeminal Glossopharyngeal Hypoglossal
Trigeminal
Which of the following muscles consists of two bellies, which originate from the body of the hyoid and the superior border of the scapula? Omohyoid Digastric Geniohyoid Cervicohyoid
Omohyoid
Branches off the external carotid artery are grouped into terminal, anterior, posterior, or medial depending on which direction they branch from the external carotid. Which of the following branches is a medial branch? Facial Maxillary Superior thyroid Ascending pharyngeal
Ascending pharyngeal
The nerve branch to the geniohyoid originates from C1 and runs partly with which of the following CN? Glossopharyngeal Hypoglossal Vagus Spinal Accessory
Hypoglossal
Ventral rami from which of the following levels make up the cervical plexus? C1-3 C1-4 C1-5 C2-4
C1-C4
Which of the following infrahyoid muscles is NOT supplied through the ansa cervicalis? Thyrohyoid Sternohyoid Sternothyroid Omohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Which of the following represents the spinal cord levels of the origin for the phrenic nerve? C1-4 C2-5 C3-5 C3-7
C3-5
Postganglionic fibers from which of the following region of the sympathetic trunk supply all the smooth muscles and glands of the head? Superior sympathetic ganglion Middle sympathetic ganglion Inferior sympathetic ganglion Stellate ganglion
Superior sympathetic ganglion
Which of the following muscle enters the pharynx by passing between the base of the cranium and the superior edge of the superior pharyngeal constrictor? Stylopharyngeus muscle Auditory tube Glossopharyngeal nerve Salpingopharyngeus muscle
Auditory tube
Which of the following BEST describes the location of the vallecular recesses?
Lateral to the medial glossoepiglottic fold
Lateral to the lateral glossoepiglottic fold
Inferior to lateral glossoepiglottic fold
Superior to median glossoepiglottic fold
Lateral to the medial glossoepiglottic fold
Which of the following represent the narrowest parts of the laryngeal cavity? Infra glottic cavity Rima glottidis Rima vestibuli Space between the vestibular folds
Rima glottidis
The chorda tympani carries branches of which of the following nerves inside the petrous portion of the temporal bone?
Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
Facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve
Facial nerve
Taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue is carried by which of the following cranial nerves?
Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
Facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Which of the following is the major parasympathetic nerve to thoracic and most of abdominal organs? Trigeminal nerve Spinal accessory nerve Vagus nerve Hypoglossal nerve
Vagus nerve
Parasympathetic supply to the lacrimal gland is via which of the following nerves? Trigeminal nerve Facial Glossopharyngeal Occulomotor
Facial
Cell bodies of the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to the ciliary ganglion (source of cell bodies of postganglionic fibers to the sphincter pupillae muscle) are located in which of the following? Semilunar ganglion Geniculate ganglion Edinger-Westphal nucleus Nucleus ambiguous
Edinger-Westphal nucleus
Which of the following extrinsic muscles of the eye abducts the eyeball? Superior oblique Medial rectus Lateral rectus Inferior oblique
Lateral rectus
Which cranial nerve supplies parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland? Vagus nerve Hypoglossal nerve Facial nerve Glossopharyngeal
Glossopharyngeal
The mandibular branch of the trigeminal exits the cranial cavity through which of the following foramina? Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum Foramen rotundum Foramen lacerum
Foramen ovale
Cell bodies of sensory neurons carrying general sensory information from the dura of the middle and anterior cranial fossae, the external surface of the ear drum, and the anterior two-thirds of the tongue are located in which of the following ganglia? Trigeminal (semilunar) Geniculate Superior salivatory nucleus Inferior salivatory nucleus
Trigeminal (semilunar)
Special visceral motor (SVM) modality supplies the stylopharyngeus muscle via which of the following cranial nerves? Cranial nerve IX Cranial nerve X Cranial nerve XI Cranial nerve XII
Cranial nerve IX
The inferior alveolar nerve passes through the mandibular canal and terminates as the mental nerve. The inferior alveolar nerve is a branch of which cranial nerve? Facial Trigeminal Hypoglossal Glossopharyngeal
Trigeminal
Proper chewing (mastication) requires that the mandible be moved from side to side and to be retracted and protracted. Which of the following muscles of mastication functions to retract the mandible? Temporalis Lateral pterygoid Medial pterygoid Lateral rectus
Temporalis
Which of the following ligaments extends from the base of the zygomatic process to the mandibular neck? Temporomandibular Stylomandibular Sphenomandibular Pterygopalatine
Temporomandibular
The anterior and middle superior alveolar arteries are direct branches of which of the following? Second part of the maxillary artery Mandibular artery Infraorbital artery Buccal artery
Infraorbital artery
Which of the following forms the anterior boundary of the infratemporal fossa? TMJ and styloid process sphenoid bone Maxilla Zygomatic arch
Maxilla
Which of the following branches from the internal carotid artery supplies areas of the face? Posterior auricular Supraorbital Occipital Superficial temporal
Supraorbital
The posterior belly of the digastric muscle is derived from the second pharyngeal arch, and is innervated by which of the following muscles? Facial Trigeminal Glossopharyngeal Hypoglossal
Facial
Almost all infrahyoid muscles are characterized by which of the following innervation patterns? Hypoglossal nerve Ansa cervicalis C2 C2-C3
Ansa cervicalis
Which of the following muscles serves as the posterior border of the anterior cervical triangle? Superior omohyoid Anterior digastric Sternocleidomastoid Trapezius
Sternocleidomastoid
The nerve branch to the geniohyoid originate from C1 and runs partly with which of the following cranial nerves? Glossopharyngeal Hypoglossal Vagus Spinal accessory
Hypoglossal
The cervical sympathetic trunk ascends on the anterior surfaces of which of the following muscles?
Longus colli and capitis muscles
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Anterior scalene
Rectus capitis superior and lateralis muscles
Longus colli and capitus muscles.
Which of the following descriptions best describes the location of the piriform fossae?
Lateral to the median gloosoepiglottic fold
Inferior to the lateral glossoepiglottic folds
Between the tonsillar pillars
Posterior to the uvula
Inferior to the lateral glossoepiglottic folds
Which of the following structures enters the pharynx by passing between the base of the cranium and the superior edge of the superior pharyngeal constrictor? Stylopharyngeus muscle Auditory tube Glossopharyngeal nerve Salpingopharyngeus muscle
Auditory tube
Between the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors there is a narrow gap. Which of the following structures passes through this gap? Auditory nerve Stylopharyngeus muscle Palatopharyngeus muscle Vagus nerve
Stylopharyngeus muscle
Almost all of the pharyngeal musculature is supplied by the vagus nerve. Which of the following muscles is supplied by the glossopharyngeal nerve? Superior pharyngeal constrictor Stylopharyngeus muscle Salpingopharyngeus muscle Palatopharyngeus muscle
Stylopharyngeus muscle
Two small cartilages possess two processes each, a muscular process and a vocal process. The vocal attachments of the two small cartilages are attached to the vocal ligaments. These cartilages are able to swivel by way of the ball-and-socket type of joint, allowing them to increase or decrease tension on the vocal ligaments. The ball and socket joints allow these cartilages to swivel on which of the following? Arytenoid cartilages Corniculate cartilages Cricoid cartilage Cuneiform cartilages
Cricoid cartilage
Blood supply tot he larynx is through superior and inferior laryngeal arteries. These are direct branches of which of the following?
Inferior thyroid arteries
Middle branches of the maxillary arteries
Laryngeal branches of the external carotid artery
Pharyngeal branches of the external carotid artery
Inferior thyroid arteries
The aryepiglottic ligaments and the corniculate cartilages form the boundaries for which of the following? Rima glottidis Laryngeal inlet Esophagus Trachea
Laryngeal inlet
The gap above the middle pharyngeal constrictor is traversed by which of the following nerves? Trigeminal Facial Glossopharyngeal Hypoglossal
Glossopharyngeal
Which of the following cranial nerves supplies extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue? CN IX CN X CN XI CN XII
CN XII
The spinal accessory nerve exits the cranial cavity through which of the following foramina? Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum Foramen rotundum Jugular foramen
Jugular foramen
Cranial nerves characterized by the special visceral motor modality supply which of the following? Smooth muscles of the gut tract Skeletal muscles Muscles derived from pharyngeal arches Autonomic motor muscles
Muscles derived from pharyngeal arches
The superior oblique extrinsic muscle of the eye is innervated by which of the following cranial nerves? Oculomotor Trochlear Abducens Opthalamic branch of CN V
Trochlear
Special visceral motor (SVM) modality supplies the stylopharyngeus muscle via which of the following cranial nerves? CN IX CN X CN XI CN XII
CN IX
Which of the following extrinsic muscles of the eye is NOT supplied by the oculomotor nerve? Lateral rectus Inferior oblique Medial rectus Inferior rectus
Lateral rectus
The innervation of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles would be described by which of the following modalities? General visceral motor General somatic motor Special visceral motor Special somatic motor
Special visceral motor
Parasympathetic fibers that control the shape of the lend and pupil are carried by which of the following nerves? Opthalamic branch of CN V Oculomotor nerve Facial nerve Abducens nerve
Oculomotor nerve
Taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue is carried by which of the following CN? Mandibular branch of CN V Facial nerve Glossopharyngeal nerve Vagus nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Which of the following is the major parasympathetic nerve to the thoracic and most abdominal organs? Trigeminal nerve Spinal accessory nerve Vagus nerve Hypoglossal nerve
Vagus nerve
Parasympathetic supply to the lacrimal gland is via which of the following nerves? Trigeminal Facial Glossopharyngeal Oculomotor
Facial
Which cranial nerve supplies parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland? Vagus nerve Hypoglossal nerve Facial nerve Glossopharyngeal nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
The mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve exits the cranial cavity through which of the following foramina? Ovale Spinosum Rotundum Lacerum
Ovale
Which of the following cranial nerves does NOT exit the cranial cavity through the superior orbital fissure? Oculomotor nerve Abducens Maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve Trochlear nerve
Maxillary branch oft he trigeminal nerve
The infraorbital, anterior superior alveolar, zygomatic, palatine, nasal, and posterior superior alveolar nerves are all branches of which of the following?
Opthalamic branch of CN V
Facial nerve
Maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve
Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
Maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve
Olfactory fibers making up the olfactory nerves pass from the olfactory mucosa to the olfactory bulbs through which of the following? Sphenoethmoidal recess Cribriform plate Optic canals Lateral pterygoid foramina
Cribriform plate
The origin of the axons that make up the optic nerve originate from which of the following? Rod cells of the retina Amacrine cells of the retina Ganglion cells of the retina Cone cells of the retina
Ganglion cells of the retina
The medullary rhythmicity center is located in the same area of the brain as the cardiac center and the vasomotor center. The pneumotaxic and apneustic centers are located in which of the following parts of the brain? Pons Medulla Mesencephalon Thalamus
Pons
Extensive bilateral lesions involving the mid-pons and the midbrain reticular formation are associated with which of the following conditions?
Consciousness but quadriplegic
Coma
Hypotonia
Unconscious regulation and coordination of motor activities
Coma
Which of the following is the newest addition to the telencephalon in mammals? Pallium Mid-ventricular ridge Neocortex Paleocortex
Neocortex
Which of the following areas of the brainstem is thought to be involved in the emotional and visceral responses to odors? Red nucleus Restiform bodies Pineal body Habenular nuclei
Pineal body
Which of the following areas of the brain stem is thought to be involved in pain suppression? Red nucleus Restiform bodies Periaquaductal gray Vagal lobes
Periaquaductal gray
Floccular lobes in the cerebellum of reptiles may correspond to restiform bodies in cartilaginous fishes. This function is most likely related to which of the following? Taste Sight Memory Equilibrium
Equilibrium
The magnocellular zone of the RAS is characterized by a specific type of neuron with long radiating dendrites spread out in a plane perpendicular to the long axis of the brain stem. It has been suggested that the function of this area of the brain stem may be associated with which of the following?
Carrying information from the pineal body to the RAS
Connecting the superior and inferior colliculi
Picking up the information from a variety of sources
Linking olfactory and taste sensations to the autonomic nervous system
Picking up the information from a variety of sources
CN nuclei V VI, and VII are found in which fo the following subdivisions of the brain? Medulla Pons Midbrain Diencephalon
Pons
The vestibular nuclear complex, associated with balance and equilibrium is located in which of the following subdivisions of the brain? Telencephalon Diencephalon Metencephalon Myelencephalon
Myelencephalon
Which of the following areas of the brain secretes melatonin and is involved in the regulating circadian rhythms? Thalamus Hypothalamus Pineal body Inferior colliculi
Pineal body
The thalamus is a paired complex of many nuclei, some of which are associated with relaying sensory information to the cerebral cortex. Others relay motor information from the cerebral cortex, and some serve to integrate the others. Which of the following relay information to the primary auditory cortex fo the cerebral cortex? Medial geniculate Lateral geniculate Ventral posterior Anterior
Medial geniculate
Which of the following may be considered to be the center for homeostasis? Epithalamus Hypothalamus Thalamus RAS
Hypothalamus
The cerebral hemispheres consist of large gray matter such as the cortices and the striatum. In addition, there are many myelinated tracts comprising the white matter of the cerebrum. Which group of tracts connect gyri to gyri within the same hemisphere? Commissural Arcuate Longitudinal Uncinate
Arcuate
Increase in sexual activity, compulsive tendency to place objects in mouth, decreased emotionality, changes in eating behavior and visual agnosia are characteristics of Kluver-Bucy syndrome. This results when which of the following is/are bilaterally destroyed? Substantia nigra Red nucleus Amygdala Thalamus
Amygdala
Melatonin-containing, dopaminergic neurons and iron-containing cells that secrete serotonin and GABA are major components of which of the following? Substantia nigra Thalamus RASS Superior colliculi
Substantia nigra
Lesions affecting the trigeminal nerve resulting in the loss of general sensation to the face on the same side and paralysis to muscles of mastication occur in which brain subdivision? Telencephalon Diencephalon Mesencephalon Metencephalon Myelencephalon
Metencephalon
The nucleus cuneatus and nucleus gracilis are found in which of the following brain subdivisions? Telencephalon Diencephalon Mesencephalon Metencephalon Myelencephalon
Myelencephalon
Vagal lobes are found in which of the following groups of organism? Fish Amphibians Reptiles Mammals
Fish
Which of the following represents the original cephalic boundary of the neural tube and separates the two lateral ventricles of the telencephalon? Papez circuit Corpus striatum Lamina terminalis Neocortex
Lamina terminalis
