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T2 Practice Questions > T2 Prac 2 > Flashcards

T2 Prac 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

Disease-causing microorganism

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2
Q

What is the impact of algae to water quality?

A

Taste and odor problems

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3
Q

What is the concentration of chlorine gas?

A

100%

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4
Q

What is not used to mix coagulants?

A

Horizontal paddle wheel

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5
Q

What is considered to be a quick remedy to address a sudden increase in filtered turbidity?

A

Feed a filter-aid chemical to the filter influent

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6
Q

What is the likely cause of a pinging noise in a pump?

A

Cavitation

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7
Q

What controls the efficiency of removing suspended solids in the sedimentation process?

A

Flowrate

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8
Q

What is a sanitary survey?

A

An analysis to determine all potential water quality impacts to a proposed well

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9
Q

What category does bacteria belong to?

A

Colloidal

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10
Q

Under the Surface Water Treatment Rule, what must the reduction of viruses be through filtration and disinfection?

A

99.99%

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11
Q

What is not considered free residual chlorine?

A

Monochloramine

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12
Q

Why is coliform used as an indicator organism?

A

It reduces the complexity and cost of analysis

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13
Q

What is an example of a non-community, non-transient water system?

A

School

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14
Q

What is the purpose of a packing in a pump?

A

Control the leakage of water along the pump shaft and prevent air from entering along the shaft when the pump is in a suction lift condition.

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15
Q

What does the addition of carbon dioxide do to the pH of water?

A

Lowers it

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16
Q

What is an unconfined aquifer?

A

One in which groundwater possess a free surface open to the atmosphere

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17
Q

What is the static water level in a well?

A

Water level when pump is not running

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18
Q

What would least likely impact the formation of flocs during the coagulation and flocculation process?

A

Hardness

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19
Q

What is formed when free chlorine reacts with ammonia?

A

Chloramine

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20
Q

Which contaminant causes Blue Baby Syndrome?

A

Nitrate

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21
Q

What is free chlorine?

A

The concentration of residual chlorine in water which is present as dissolved gas (Cl²), hypochlorous acid (HOCl), and/or hypochlorite ion (OCI-)

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22
Q

What is a thermocline?

A

A thin but distinct layer in a reservoir in which temperature changes more rapidly with depth than it does in the layers above or below.

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23
Q

What agency protects the health and safety of industrial employees?

A

OHSA

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24
Q

What is the first priority in water treatment?

A

Production of safe drinking water

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25
Q

What is the health effect of consuming water with high levels of lead?

A

Cardiovascular effects, increased blood pressure and incidence of hypertension

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26
Q

What is an imaginary surface to which groundwater rises under hydrostatic pressure in wells or springs?

A

Piezomectric surface

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27
Q

What is used to evaluate new coagulants or polymers being considered for use at the plant?

A

Jar test

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28
Q

What are the 4 zones of a clarifier?

A

Inlet, outlet, settling, sludge

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29
Q

Which types of filtration process is approved by the Surface Water Treatment Rule?

A

Conventional water treatment

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30
Q

What impacts the color of source water?

A

Organics, such as soil and leaves

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31
Q

Coliform is most likely to be found in which water supply?

A

Lake

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32
Q

What is the amount of water that can be withdrawn from an aquifer without significant environmental impact?

A

Safe yield

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33
Q

pH will increase with what chemical added to water?

A

Ammonia

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34
Q

What is an unstable form of disinfection?

A

Ozonation

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35
Q

How many stages are in a breakpoint chlorination curve?

A

4

36
Q

Chlorine demand is best described as?

A

Chlorine dose - chlorine residual

37
Q

What is an example of a natural organic matter?

A

Fallen leaves

38
Q

What is a typical characteristic of colloidal particle in raw water?

A

Negative charge on the surface

39
Q

What is short circuiting in a clarifier?

A

Shorter settling time in basin

40
Q

What would cause a filter to begin backwashing?

A

Head loss

41
Q

What is the purpose of surface washing in a filtration unit?

A

Break-up mudballs

42
Q

Where would you most likely see high levels of nitrate in the groundwater supply?

A

Near agricultural land

43
Q

What is adsorption?

A

Constituents sticking to the surface of a substance

44
Q

In which part of the water treatment plant are 99% of the suspended solids removed?

A

Sedimentation and filtration

45
Q

What will most likely lead to the lowest concentration of THMs in treated water?

A

Chloramines

46
Q

What is not true about Total Coliform Rule?

A

Smaller systems that collect fewer than 40 samples can not have coliform positive results in more than 2 samples per month

47
Q

What is true about fusible plugs on a chlorine container?

A

Never remove it

48
Q

What is the most common water quality complaint from customers?

A

Taste and odor problems

49
Q

What information should be identified on the sampling container?

A

Sampling location, date, and time

50
Q

What is the standard requirement for conventional and direct filtration?

A

Filtered water must be less than or equal to .3 NTU in 95% of monthly measurements

51
Q

What is the main drawback of using sodium hypochlorite to disinfect water?

A

Formation of THMs

52
Q

What is one the causes of hardness in water?

A

Calcium

53
Q

Which chemical is used to raise the pH in water?

A

Soda ash

54
Q

What is the purpose of flocculation?

A

Slowly stir water to bring smaller flocs together to form larger ones

55
Q

What range of pH is considered to be acidic?

A

0-6

56
Q

What is the term used to describe the upper layer of a stratified reservoir?

A

Epilmnion

57
Q

What is another name for the Multiple Tube Fermentation Test?

A

MPN

58
Q

What impact does precipitated manganese have on water?

A

Blackish water

59
Q

What is not part of the Surface Water Treatment Rule?

A

All water systems are allowed to use disinfection only for surface water sources that meet criteria for water quality and watershed protection

60
Q

What is a typical characteristic of chlorine gas?

A

Greenish yellow color

61
Q

What is not true about the Total Coliform Rule?

A

Monthly sampling requirements are not based on population served

62
Q

What can be done to minimize the formation of THM?

A

Eliminate or reduce chlorination before the filters

63
Q

What is the source of fecal coliform bacteria?

A

Feces

64
Q

What is the drawback of using UV for disinfection?

A

High energy cost

65
Q

What are two types of aquifers?

A

Confined and unconfined

66
Q

What is a common problem associated with hardness in water?

A

Scaling

67
Q

What is the problem with very soft water?

A

Corrosion

68
Q

Why is it harmful to backwash at a high velocity?

A

Flushes some media into spent backwash water

69
Q

What occurs on the right side of the breakpoint chlorination curve?

A

Free available residual chlorine begin to form

70
Q

How does PAC remove contaminants from the water?

A

Adsorption

71
Q

Which entity is responsible for enforcing the drinking water standards?

A

State

72
Q

How is the rate of head loss affected by a more uniform filter media?

A

Slower

73
Q

What is true about soluble iron and manganese?

A

Colorless

74
Q

What is the reason for adding coagulants at the flash mixer?

A

Neutralize negative charge on colloids

75
Q

Why would a water purveyor switch from chlorine gas to sodium hypochlorite?

A

Safety

76
Q

Which pathogen is smallest in size?

A

Virus

77
Q

What is not an example of a suspended solid?

A

Soluble calcium

78
Q

What is not a type of a coliform test?

A

DPD

79
Q

Definition of a public water system

A

Publicly or privately owned water system that has at least 15 service connections, or regularly serves an average of at least 25 people daily at least 60 days per year

80
Q

When is Brilliant Green Bile used to test for coliform?

A

Multiple Tube Fermentation method

81
Q

What is the correct order of treatment for a conventional water treatment plant?

A

Intake, Coagulation, Flocculation, Sedimentation, Filtration, Disinfection

82
Q

What might happen if insufficient amount of coagulants were injected into the flash mixer?

A

Some colloids may repel each other

83
Q

What is a grab sample?

A

Sample taken on a one time basis without consideration of flow or time

84
Q

What happens over the course of a filter run time?

A

Headloss increases

85
Q

When is direct filtration used instead of conventional water treatment?

A

When source water is low in turbidity, color, and coliform

T2 Practice Questions (4 decks)

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