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IB Physics SL > T2 - Mechanics definitions > Flashcards

T2 - Mechanics definitions Flashcards

definitions

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1
Q

Acceleration

A

Rate of change of velocity

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2
Q

Average speed

A

Speed over a period of time (total distance / total time)

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3
Q

Displacement

A

Distance travelled in a particular direction

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4
Q

Drag

A

Frictional force due to a fluid

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5
Q

Dynamic friction

A

Friction between two surfaces where there is relative motion

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6
Q

Efficiency

A

Ratio of work or energy or power output to input

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7
Q

Elastic collision

A

A collision where kinetic energy is conserved

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8
Q

Energy

A

The capacity to do work

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9
Q

Force

A

A push or a pull

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10
Q

Free body diagram

A

Diagram drawn to show all the forces acting on an object

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11
Q

Impulse

A

Change in momentum

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12
Q

Inelastic collision

A

A collision where kinetic energy is lost

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13
Q

Instantaneous speed

A

Rate of change of distance at one particular time

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14
Q

Law of conservation of momentum

A

The total linear momentum of a system remains constant provided no resultant external force acts

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15
Q

Linear momentum

A

Product of mass and velocity

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16
Q

Mass

A

The amount of matter in an object

17
Q

Newton’s 1st law

A

An object continues in uniform motion in a straight line or at rest unless a resultant external force acts

18
Q

Newton’s 2nd law

A

the resultant force on an object is proportional to the acceleration (assuming mass is constant)

19
Q

Newton’s 3rd law

A

for every action there is an equal but opposite action on another object

20
Q

Power

A

Rate at which work is done or energy is transferred

21
Q

projectile

A

an object moving through the air under the influence of only one force, gravity

22
Q

resultant force

A

the sum of all the forces acting on an object

23
Q

speed

A

rate of change of distance

24
Q

spring constant

A

a measure of the force required to stretch or compress an object

25
Q

static friction

A

the friction between two surfaces where there is no relative motion

26
Q

terminal velocity

A

maximum speed attained by falling object, occurs when the downwards weight force is balanced by the upwards air resistance force

27
Q

translational equilibrium

A

when the forces acting on an object are balanced

28
Q

velocity

A

rate of change of displacement

29
Q

weight

A

force of gravity acting on an object

30
Q

work

A

a transfer of energy due to a force moving an object through a displacement

IB Physics SL (5 decks)

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