T2 Flashcards
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF STARCH GRANULES IN PLANTS?
To store food
What is the independent variable?
The variable that is altered by the person
What is the dependant variable?
The variable being tested or measured in a scientific experiment
What is the control variable?
a variable that is kept the same during a scientific experiment. Any change in a controlled variable would invalidate the results
What is translocation?
the transport of dissolved sugars around a plant in the phloem
What directions can the phloem transport sugars
All
What is transpiration?
the evaporation and movement of water away from the plant’s leaves from the inside of the plan
What is the transpiration stream?
Water moves through the xylem
What are xylem?
Hollow Tubes that transport water and mineral ions up the plant to the leaves
What factors can alter the rate of transpiration?
Tewind
mperature (more energy =more likely to evaporate out the stomata)
Light intensity (The stomata open wider to let in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis)
Airflow (The concentration between inside and outside of the leaf)
Humidity (The more water vapour, the lower the rate of transpiration because the concentration gradient is lower)
Why do phloem cells have pores in their walls?
To allow cell sap to pass along the phloem tube
What is the test for sugars?
Benedict’s test
What is the test for proteins?
Biuret test
What is the test for starch?
Iodine test
What is the test for lipids?
Sudan 3 or emulsion test
How do you do the Benedict’s test?
Solution+10 drops of Benedict’s
75 degrees
In a water bath for 5 mins
What colour does the solution turn if sugar is present?
BLUE———>GREEN,YELLOW OR RED
What colour does the solution turns if starch is present?
ORANGE——->BLUE/BLACK
How do you do the iodine test?
Solution + iodine
Shake
What colour does the solution turn if protein is present?
Blue——->pink/purple
How do you know if lipids(fats) are present?
Turns cloudy white with ethanol
What do arteries do?
Carry blood away from the heart
What is the pressure of blood carried in the arteries like?
High blood pressure
What are adaptations of the artery?
Muscle and elastic tissue on the outside
Narrow lumen
What do the capillaries do?
Exchange nutrients and oxygen with tissues
What do veins do?
Carry blood back to the heart
How are veins adapted?
Widest lumen because they carry blood at a lower pressure
Valves to prevent blood from flowing back
How are capillaries adapted?
One cell thick to allow a short diffusion pathway
Permeable
Take away waste products ( co2 and urea)
Where is amylase made?
Small intestine
Salivary glands
Pancreas
Where is protease produced?
Stomach
Pancreas
Small intestine
How does bile help with the digestion of lipids?
It emulsifies the lipids which increases the surface area for lipase enzymes to break them down
Where is lipase produced?
Small intestine
Pancreas
What does the circulatory system do?
Transports oxygen and nutrients
What separates the left and the right side of the heart?
A valve that prevents blood from slowing backwards
What do the coronary arteries do?
Supply the heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients
