T17 Gases

Question 1

Functional equation for gases

Answer 1

PV=nRT
Pressure (P) in atm (atmospheres). indicates the number of collisions (how fast and how hard particles hit walls of container)

Volume (V)=length (m) * width (m) * height (m), in m^3 (1 m^3=1 L). Indicates the space the gas occupies

n=moles (how much of a gas there is)

Temperature (T)=K=°C+273

R=0.082 L-atm/mol-K

Question 2

Kelvins (conversion)

Answer 2

K=°C+273
Kelvins are an absolute temperature scale, representing the average internal kinetic energy (temperature). Preferable to degrees Celsius when talking about internal kinetic energy because there is no negative value for kinetic energy.

Question 3

Pressure

Answer 3

Pressure=Force/Area
Mechanical variable. Physical force applied per unit area (the applied force of a particle in a particular area--the size of the area over which force is applied matters). Same force but larger area=lower pressure. Same area but larger force=higher pressure. 
Units:
1 Pascal (Pa)=1 Newton/m^2 (N/m^2)
1 atm=1 standard atmosphere=101,325 Pa or 101.325 kilopascals 
1 atm=760 mm Hg=760 Torr
psi=pounds per square inch

Question 4

*conversion unit for units of pressure

Answer 4

1 atm=760 mm Hg=760 Torr

mm of Hg is the height of mercury (or length) in a barometer.

Question 5

Gas constant*

Answer 5

For PV=nRT:

R=0.082 L-atm/mol-K

Question 6

Describe the relationships between the properties of a gas

Answer 6

Pressure (P) is directly proportional to Temperature (T), or P [}{ T

Number of gas molecules (moles (n)) is directly proportional to Pressure (P), or or P [}{ n

Pressure is inversely proportional to Volume (V) or P [}{ 1/V

Question 7

STP

Answer 7

Standard temp and pressure: 1 atm and 273 K. The molar volume of any elemental gas will be 22.4 L at STP.

Question 8

Unit of the gas constant (R)

Answer 8

Liters•atmospheres/moles•Kelvin

L-atm/mol-K

Because PV=nRT
So R=PV/nT
P->atm, V->L, n->moles, T->K