T1: PUD

Question 1

What is a primary cause of Peptic Ulcer Disease?

Answer 1

Helicobacter pylori infection

This bacterium produces a cytotoxin that disrupts mucosal defenses and adheres to epithelial cells.

Question 2

How does Helicobacter pylori affect the gastric mucosa?

Answer 2

It produces urease, leading to ammonia accumulation which disrupts gastric mucosal integrity

Not everyone infected with H. pylori develops Peptic Ulcer Disease.

Question 3

What effect do NSAIDs have on the gastric epithelium?

Answer 3

They irritate the gastric epithelium directly due to acidic properties

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can exacerbate ulcer formation.

Question 4

What are some effects of cigarette smoking related to gastric health?

Answer 4

Stimulates gastric acid secretion, alters mucosal blood flow, reduces prostaglandin synthesis

These changes can lead to gastric mucosal damage.

Question 5

List common symptoms of Peptic Ulcer Disease.

Answer 5

• Anorexia
• Nausea and vomiting
• Flatulence
• Epigastric pain

Symptoms can vary based on ulcer type.

Question 6

When does epigastric pain typically occur in duodenal ulcers?

Answer 6

When the stomach is empty, such as at night or between meals

Pain is usually relieved by food intake or antacids.

Question 7

When does epigastric pain typically occur in gastric ulcers?

Answer 7

At any time during the day, often within 1-3 hours after eating

Pain tends to worsen with food.

Question 8

What are the treatment goals for Peptic Ulcer Disease?

Answer 8

• Control pain
• Eradicate Helicobacter pylori
• Reduce recurrence

Addressing these goals is essential for effective management.

Question 9

Name three types of pharmacological treatments for Peptic Ulcer Disease.

Answer 9

• Antacid
• Histamine-2 receptor antagonist
• Proton pump inhibitor

These medications help manage symptoms and promote healing.