(T1) COUPLES

Question 1

Studies IN FAVOUR of patriarchal families existing:

Answer 1

• Parsons (1955)

Question 2

Studies AGAINST patriarchal families existing:

Answer 2

• Bott (1957)

- Young and Willmott (1973)

Question 3

[DoL] Parsons (1955) - Instrumental & expressive roles

Answer 3

• functionalist view
• roles of couples are segregated
• Instrumental role: husband geared towards achieving success at work to provide for family - breadwinner
• Expressive role: Wife geared towards primary socialisation of children and meeting the family’s emotional needs - full-time housewife

Question 4

[DoL] Bott (1957) - Joint & Segregated conjugal roles

Answer 4

Two types of conjugal (marriage) roles:

• Segregated conjugal roles: separate roles - male breadwinner and female homemaker
• Joint conjugal roles: where couples share tasks e.g. housework and childcare, and spend their leisure time together

Question 5

[DoL] Young and Willmott (1973) - Symmetrical family

Answer 5

• March of Progress view
• family becoming more equal and democratic

Roles of husbands and wives are now similar:

• women now go to work
• men help out with housework and childcare
• spend more leisure time together
• more prevalent with young or affluent couples
• rise in symmetrical nuclear families due to social changes: changes in women’s position, geographical mobility, new technology sonf higher standards of living

Question 6

[DoL] Oakley (1974)

Answer 6

• feminist view
• little has changed as women remain unequal, still doing most the housework
• see this inequality as stemming from the fact that the family and society are male-dominated or patriarchal
• although Y&M’s studies show husbands helping their wives at least once a week, this is hardly seen as ‘symmetrical’
• only 15% of husbands have a high level of participation in housework

Question 7

Boulton (1983)

Answer 7

• fewer than 20% of husbands had a major role in childcare

Question 8

Warde and Hetherington (1993)

Answer 8

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Question 9

Gurshuny (1994)

Answer 9

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Question 10

Sullivan (2000)

Answer 10

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Question 11

Ferri and Smith (1996)

Answer 11

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Question 12

Dex and Werd (2007)

Answer 12

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Question 13

Braun, Vincent and Ball (2011)

Answer 13

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Question 14

Hochschild (2013) / Duncombe and Marsden (1995)

Answer 14

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Question 15

Southerton (2011)

Answer 15

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Question 16

Crompton and Lyonette (2008)

Answer 16

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Question 17

Barrett and McIntosh (1991)

Answer 17

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Question 18

Kempson (1994)

Answer 18

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Question 19

Pahl and Vogler (1993)

Answer 19

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Question 20

Hardill (1997)

Answer 20

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Question 21

Finch (1983)

Answer 21

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Question 22

Edgell (1980)

Answer 22

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Question 23

Laurie and Gurshuny (2000)

Answer 23

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Question 24

Domestic Violence

Answer 24

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Question 25

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Answer 25

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