T1 Flashcards
4 categories for tissues
remember hand motions from class
epithelial (skin covering)
connective tissue (blood, bones)
Muscular ( cardiac, skeletal, and smooth
Nervous system (forms the nervous system
What is beta oxidation and name the reactant and product
Also known as fatty acid oxidation (breaks down fatty acid to acetyl CoA (catabolic process) used for citric acid cycle
what is a vestigial structure and give an example
Maintained its structure but lost its function
Ex. Appendix
what is adaptive radiation
process where multiple diverse species evolve quickly from one ancestral species.
When do adaptive radiation occur?
Which blood vessels in the body carry the largest pressure?
arteries
largest drop in blood pressure happens where
arterioles
lowest pressure of blood is where
veins
Characteristics of r selected species
small parental care
large offspring
most of the offspring die
Type 3
In which environment do R selected species thrive in?
unstable and unpredictable
order the stages in pre embryonic development
Zygote, cleavage, morula, blastocyst, implantation
What does xylem transport
water (xyletol produces water as you chew)
what two minerals make up the bone matrix?
calcium and phosphorus
When does calcium and phosphorus get released back into the blood stream?
during bone resorption (break down of bone) osteoclast
when is parathyroid hormones released>
when blood calcium levels ar low
Function of parathyroid hormones
stimulates osteoclasts to breakdown bone to release calcium and phosphorus.
what is released when blood calcium or phosphorus levels are high?
calcitonin (inhibit bone resorption
What is innate behaviors
any behavior that an organism performs without prior experience
what is habituation
when an organism gets used to a stimulus and being to stop reacting to the given stimuli. An example would when we begin ignoring background noise overtime whilst living in a loud environment (i.e. highway noise).
animal’s ability to develop from an unfertilized egg is called
Parthenogenesis
Who uses binary fission
unicellular organism
prokaryotes
mitochondria
chloroplasts
which muscle groups are multi nucleated?
cardiac
skeletal
Characteristics of skeletal muscle
striated
voluntary
Characteristics of smooth muscle
Are non-striated, involuntary,
characteristics of cardiac muscle
Are striated, involuntary
what prevents polyspermy?
fast and slow block
what is polyspermy
contains 3 or more copies of each chromosome
which part of the kidney is responsible for concentrated urine?
loops of henle
What happens in the descending loop of henle
water is freely absorbed
filtrate concentration increases and water is reabsorbed
What is gametogenesis?
production of eggs and sperm cells from precursor cells present in either the ovaries or the seminiferous tubules of the testes of females and males respectively.
function of oxytocin
hormone involved in labour an dlactation
function of aldoesterone
involved in water and ion retention
function of Thyroid stimulating hormone
produces T4 and T3, which influences metabolism
function of thyroid releasing hormone
produced and secreted by hypothalamus. this triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete thyroid stimulating hormone
acronym for the layers of the skin
Come lets grab some beer
What components make up the bloood?
plasma
buffy coat
granulocytes
red blood cells
product of light reaction in photosynthesis?
NADPH, ATP, O2
what do enzymes do?
lowers activation energy
does not change free energy, equilibrium state, enthalpy of fomration.
increases the rate constant of forward and reverse reactions.
what gases were present in the miller Urey experiment of the primitive earth’s atmosphere?
CH4, H2, H2O, NH3
Which of the following binds temporarily to an enzyme location that is NOT the active site?
Reversible non-competitive inhibitor
function of Irreversible competitive inhibitor
interact and bind to the enzyme via covalent bonds and prevent the enzyme from working permanently
function of Zymogen
precursor protein that is inactive until some sort of critical modification occurs.
FUNCTION OF Reversible competitive inhibitor
have similar substrate shapes and compete at the level of the active site. Both of which interact non-covalently with the enzyme.
Which of the following forces contribute to lipid bilayer formation?
Hydrophobic interactions and van der Waals forces
Which of the following is common between the formation of both glycosidic bonds and phosphodiester linkages?
Formation of a water molecul
What method is used to separate dna fragments
gel electrophoresis (separate charged molecules)
