T Year Flashcards
Abdominal
Localised Tenderness
RLQ Appendicitis
RUQ Cholecystitis
LLQ Diverticulitis
Epi Gastric
Epi Pacreatitis
Abdominal
Diffuse Tenderness
Peritonitis
Gastroenteritis
Ischaemic Bowel
DKA
Abdominal
Guarding
Voluntary: Anxiety, mild pain
Involuntary: Peritonitis, Acute Abdominal
Abdominal
Rigidity
Perforated Peptic Ulcer
Peritonitits
Abdominal
Masses
Epi- Pancreatic Pseudocyst, Gastric Cancer
RUQ Hepatomegaly, Gallbladder, Hepatic tumour
LUQ: Splenomegaly, Left kidney mass
RLQ: Appendiceal abscess, Crohns Mass
LLQ: Diverticular abscess, colon cancer
Abdominal
Hepatomegaly
Cirrhosis
Hepatitis
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastatic Liver disease
Hemochromatosis
Abdominal
Splenomegaly
Portal hypertension
Haemolytic Anaemia
Infectious Mononucleosis
Lymphoma
Sickle Cell Disease
Abdominal
Ascites
Cirrhosis
Heart Failure
Nephrotic Syndrome
Malignancy (ovarian cancer)
Tuberculosis
Abdominal
Murphy’s
Cholecystitis
Pain on inspiration when palpating RUQ
Abdominal
Cullen’s
Pancreatitis
Ruptured ectopic pregnancy
Retroperitoneal haemorrhgae
superficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the umbilicus.
Abdominal
Grey Turner’s
Severe acute pancreatitis
Retroperitoneal haemorrhage
bruising of the flanks, the part of the body between the last rib and the top of the hip.
Abdominal
Shifting Dullness
Ascites
(cirrhosis, HF, malignancy)
Abdominal
Bowel Signs
Hyperative: Obstruction, Gastroenteritis
Absent: Ileus, Peritonitis
Abdominal
Bruis
Renal Artery stenosis
AAA
Abdominal
Caput Medusa
Portal Hypertension
Abdominal
Pulsatile Mass
AAA
Abdominal
Spider Nevi
Cirrhoss
Pregnancy
Hyperestrogenism
Abdominal
Jaundice
Hepatitis
Liver Cirrhosis
Pancreatic Cancer
Hemolytic anaemia
Abdominal
Pain Costovertebral Angle
Pyelonephritis
Renal Colic (radiates to groin)
Polycystic Kidneys
Perinepjrc Abcess
Abdominal
Referred Pain
Shoulder- Kehrs sign- Ectopic pregnancy, splenic injury, subphrenic abcess
Back Pancreatitis, AAA, Renal colic, duodenal ulcer
Groin Uteric colic, ovarian torsion, apendicitis (retrocecal)
Gastrointestinal Signs
Ascites
A person with massive ascites caused by portal hypertension due to cirrhosis
Gastrointestinal Signs
Clinical Signs of Ascites?
- Shifting Dullness
- Bulging Flanks
- Fluid wave/ fluid thrill
- Puddle sign
Gastrointestinal Signs
Absent bowel sounds
More common
Intestinal obstruction
Paralytic ileus of any cause
Less common
Mesenteric ischaemia
Pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie syndrome)
Gastrointestinal Signs
Hyperactive bowel sounds
More common
Bowel obstruction
Crohn’s disease/ulcerative colitis
Food hypersensitivity
Gastroenteritis
Normal
Less common
Gastrointestinal haemorrhage
Gastrointestinal Signs
Tinkling bowel sounds
Bowel obstruction
Gastrointestinal Signs
Caput Medusa
Ddx
* Cirrhosis of Liver
* Severe Heart Failure
* Inferior Vena Cava Obstruction
* Budd-Chiari malformation
Gastrointestinal Signs
Coffee ground vomiting/
bloody vomitus/
haematemesis
More common
* Peptic ulcer disease
* Gastritis
* Oesophagitis
* Oesophageal varices
Less common
* Mallory–Weiss tear
* Vascular
* Tumour
* Vasculitis
