T and M: AO2 STUDIES

Question 1

outline Charkin et al 1975 teaching study

Answer 1

sample of 48 uni students each taught a ten year old boy

1/3 > high expectancy group > were told he was highly motivated and intelligent

1/3 > low expectancy group > were told he was poorly motivated and had low IQ

1/3 > were given no information

Charkin et al videotaped the lessons and found the high expectancy group made more eye contact and gave out more encouraging body language than low expectancy

Question 2

outline Brown and Gay 1985 actor test
(field experiment)

Answer 2

they sent a white actor and a black actor for interviews for the same job
the only difference was ethnicity as they were matched on key variables

Question 3

outline Wood et al 2010 correspondence test
(field experiment)

Answer 3

he sent closely matched job applications for almost 1000 vacancies from three applicants of different ethnicities

Question 4

outline Rosenthal and Jacobson 1966
Pygmalion in the classroom

Answer 4

aimed to investigate whether teacher’s expectations affect pupils’ educational performance
it associated labelling theory with SFP
pupils were given an IQ test at the beginning and end of the process
some pupils were labelled as having great academic potential and the control group were not labelled
the progress of the experimental and control group was compared

Question 5

outline Benfield 2007
Women graduates paid less

Answer 5

sample of 25,000 students
her study found that despite women often outperforming men academically, they were paid less

Question 6

outline Waddington et al 2004
In proportion: race and police and stop and search (official statistics)

Answer 6

used wide range of research methods like police statistics
a few years later tha Office for National statictics removed their ‘gold standard’
means police statistics were no longer reliable
there is evidence of stop and search data being manipulated

Question 7

outline Patrick 1973
a glasgow gang observed (observation)

Answer 7

covert participant observation shows problems of getting out of gangs
‘James Patrick’ was a pseudonym he used as he was so scared of the violent gang
he waited years after the observation before publishing the data
he wrote up his experience based on his memory of his 4 months with the gang

Question 8

outline Jacobs 1967
a phenomenological study of suicide notes
(documents)

Answer 8

he’s one of the few interpretivists to use qual data to study suicide notes