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T Flashcards

1
Q

What are the requirements to descend below DA?

A

The aircraft is continuously in a position from which a descent to a landing on the intended runway’s touchdown zone can be made at a normal rate of descent using normal maneuvers.

Required flight visibility for the approach is met.

At least one of the following are distinctly visible:
* Threshold- M or L
* Touchdown zone- M or L
* Runway- M or L
- ALS w/ Red Terminating Bars
- REIL
- Visual Glid Slope Indicator

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2
Q

What are the 3 types of icing?

A
  • Rime (-10º and -20º) - Supercooled water droplets freeze rapidly on impact.
  • Clear (0 and -10º) - Supercooled large droplets freeze and runback on the surface.
  • Mixed (-8 and -15º) - both.
  • Frost
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3
Q

Which type of icing is the most dangerous?

A

Clear

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4
Q

How far out you can pick up a localizer?

A

The localizer is only guaranteed to be accurate up to 10 degrees on either side of the runway to 18NM.

At an angle of 35 degrees on either side of runway centerline, the useful volume is limited to 10NM

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5
Q

What is the speed limit below class B airspace?

A

200 kts

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6
Q

What does “9999” mean on an ATIS?

A

Visibility 10 Kilometers or greater

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7
Q

What are takeoff minimums?

A

Standard takeoff minima are one statute mile for aircraft having two engines or less

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8
Q

When do you need to file an alternate?

A

123 rule. 1 hour before and after ETA, wx must be 2000 foot ceilings and 3SM visibility. If not, then Alternate required. Alternate must have wx, 800/2 non precision approach, 600/2 precision approach.

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9
Q

When is a take-off alternate needed?

A

When conditions at departure airfield are below the IAP landing minimums for the airfield.

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10
Q

If you need a takeoff alternate, where must it be?

A

Aircraft having two engines. Not more than one hour from the departure airport at normal cruising speed in still air with one engine inoperative.

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11
Q

Lost Comm procedures

A

Route - (AVE F)
Altitude - Highest of (AME):

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12
Q

Definition of Mountainous Terrain

A

3,000 ft elevation change w/in 10 nm

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13
Q

How high does class G go?

A

Overlying E; 700’ AGL or 1200’AGL or 14,500’MSL

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14
Q

What color are runway edge lights?

A

Typically white. On a precision runway, they will be white until the last 2,000 feet at which time they turn Amber(yellow) to signify you only have 2,000 feet of runway left

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15
Q

What color are rwy centerline lights?

A

Runway centerline lights are white until the last 3,000 feet of the runway. Of that 3,000 feet, the first 2,000 feet alternate red and white and the last 1,000 feet of are red. This is to let you know how much runway is left before the end. Of course you will see the REL’s (Runway End Lights) at the end of the runway as well.

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16
Q

ALSF 2

A

high intensity Approach Light System with Sequenced Flashing lights and red side row lights the last 1,000 feet, system length 2,400 to 3,000 feet

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17
Q

How long is the touchdown zone?

A

First 3000 ft from the threshold

18
Q

What happens to TAS as alt increases?

A

For a given constant IAS, TAS increases with altitude

19
Q

What are the advantages of a swept wing?

A

Allows the aircraft to go faster by delaying the onset of the airfoil’s “critical mach” by allowing the relative airflow over its surface to move somewhat outward towards the wing tips so the air encounters less apparent camber and does not accelerate as quickly over the top of the wing. This allows the aircraft to reach a higher speed before critical mach is reached.

20
Q

What are the disadvantages of a swept wing?

A

a) Reduced lift requiring the need for high lift flaps and leading edge devices (slats).

b) At low airspeeds the wingtips tend to stall first, resulting in a loss of aileron effectiveness. These bad stalls characteristics make airspeed control during takeoff and landing extremely difficult.

c) Most swept wing jets have poor yaw tendencies (especially in turbulence) and will develop an advanced “Dutch Roll”

21
Q

What do we do to deal with tip-stall?

A

Vortex generators, stall fences, winglets.

22
Q

What affects your center of pressure?

A

AOA and Supersonic Shockwave

23
Q

What is a Yaw Dampener?

A

Provide immediate rudder input when necessary to aid in canceling out yaw tendencies such as those of Dutch roll. Basically an autopilot for the rudder.

24
Q

What is mach number?

A

The ratio of TAS to the speed of sound

25
Q

What is critical mach

A

Critical Mach number is the Mach number at which the airflow over some point on the aircraft reaches Mach 1.0. Can occur well before the aircraft indicates Mach 1.0

26
Q

What is mach tuck?

A

When the center of pressure/center of lift moves too far rearward. Not enough elevator control exists to overcome forces and maintain level flight. Usually around mach 1.0

27
Q

What is a coffin corner?

A

Coffin corner is found in jet when flying at very high altitudes. You have low IAS and high TAS. go slower and you stall, go faster and you exceed Mmo or Mach Crit.

The edge of an aircraft’s high-altitude operating envelope. Marked by the speed margin between the “high speed buffet” (Mach Buffet) and “low speed buffet” (stall). At very high altitudes this difference may be just a few knots and might disappear altogether for certain aircraft. A small increase in bank angle or turbulence could induce a very exciting, adrenalin-producing stall that may not be recoverable.

28
Q

What to do if you find yourself getting closer to coffin corner?

A

Constant speed descend can be more safer

29
Q

What is VDP?

A

a defined point on the final approach coarse of a non-precision straight-in app. from which a normal descent from MDA to the touch down zone may commence

30
Q

How do you calculate VDP?

A

HAT/300=VDP distance from threshold

31
Q

Part 121. What do we do if we reach the VDP and we do not have the runway environment in sight?

A

Continue to stay at MDA altitude until the requirements of 91.1759 (C) are met or we reach MAP. Then we would go missed.

32
Q

What is an ILS critical area?

A

Defined by the ladder like markings on the field, the area that the ILS signals are sent out on the approach. Aircraft in the critical area could reflect these signals

33
Q

TOMATO FLAMES + FLAPS + GRABCARD

A

T achometer
O oil pressure gauge
M anifold pressure gauge for each atmosphere engine
A irspeed indicator
T emperature gauge for each liquid cooled engine
O il temperature gauge

F uel level gauge
L anding gear position indicator
A ltimeter
M agnetic heading indicator
E mergency locator transmitter (ELT)
S eat belts

And, of course, for night:

F uses
L anding lights
A nticollision lig
P position lights
S ource of power

GRABCARD
Generator or Alternator
Radio/Navigation Appropriate For Flight
Attitude Indicator
Ball (Inclinometer)
Clock
Altimeter (Pressure Sensitive)
Rate of Turn Indicator
Directional Gyro

34
Q

Diverse departure

A

Above 400 AGL, the diverse departure lets you continue the climb in whatever direction takes you on course, provided you continue to climb at least 200 feet per nautical mile.

35
Q

Take-Off Minimums

A

STD - RVR 50 or 1 SM (1 & 2 Engines)

Most all Part 121 companies are authorized to use lower than standard takeoff minimums

36
Q

What are alternate airport IFR weather minimums?

A

ii. The 600/2 and 800/2 rule does not apply to Part 121 or 135.

iii. For airports with at least 1 NAVAID, add 400 ft to MDA (H) or DA (H) and add 1 SM visibility.

iv. For airports with at least 2 NAVAIDS, add 200 ft to the higher DA (H) or MDA (H) and ½ SM visibility to the highest landing minimum of the two approaches

37
Q

V1

A

Decision speed. Below takeoff must be aborted. Above takeoff must be continued.

38
Q

V2

A

This is the best single engine angle of climb speed. Take off safety speed which must be attained at the 35 foot height at the end of the required runway distance.

39
Q

Bleed Air

A

Low-Pressure Bleed Air: Engine Starting and Air Conditioning.

High-Pressure Bleed Air: Thrust reversers, cowl and wing anti-ice.

40
Q

Stabilizer Trim Runaway

A

CONTROL WHEEL……ASSUME MANUAL CONTROL AND OVERRIDE RUNAWAY

BOTH STAB TRIM DISC…….PRESS, HOLD AND RELEASE

AIRPLANE CONTROL…… TRANSFER TO PILOT (LH) SIDE

STAB CH 1 and CH 2 HSTCU CIRCUIT BREAKERS (2F5 and 4A1)…………..OPEN

41
Q

Skywest Engine

A

General Electric CF34-3B1 or 3A1
N1 Fan Rotor
N2 Compressor Rotor (14 stages)
N2 Driven Accessory Gearbox
N1 Turbine Section (4 stage)
N2 Turbine Section (2 stage)
Normal Thrust Rating (8,729 lbs)
APR Thrust (9,220 lbs)

1 - A F (2 decks)

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