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HEALTH SCIENCE > SYSTEMS TEST > Flashcards

SYSTEMS TEST Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The primary function of the respiratory system is

A

Gas Exchange

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2
Q

Which structure is NOT part of the upper respiratory system

A

Trachea

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3
Q

What is the name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs

A

Alevoli

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4
Q

What muscle plays a major role in respiration

A

Diaphragm

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5
Q

What is the most common cause of emphysema

A

Smoking

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6
Q

What is the medical term for an elevated heart rate

A

Tachycardia

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7
Q

This vessel carries blood from the body into the heart

A

Vena Cava

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8
Q

These vessels carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs

A

Pulmonary Arteries

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9
Q

This is the natural pacemaker of the heart and starts the heartbeat

A

SA node

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10
Q

This test measures the electrical activity within the heart

A

EKG

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11
Q

The process of moving food through the gastrointestinal system is called

A

Peristalsis

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12
Q

Digestion first takes place where

A

Mouth

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13
Q

This organ releases insulin to break down sugars in the digestive system

A

Pancreas

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14
Q

Disease caused by liver failure and the inability to breakdown bilirubin

A

Jaundice

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15
Q

Celiac disease is an intolerance to which of the following

A

Gluten

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16
Q

The type of muscular contraction where the muscle length is shortening

A

Concentric Contraction

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17
Q

Strong, tough connective tissue that connects a muscle to a bone

A

Tendon

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18
Q

The group of muscles on the posterior thigh

A

Hamstrings

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19
Q

The type of muscle fibers found in the internal organs

A

Smooth

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20
Q

The point of attachment of a muscle that is stationary

A

Origin

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21
Q

What is the main function of the nervous system

A

To respond to changes in the bodies internal and external environment

22
Q

Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons

A

Dendrite

23
Q

Protective layers of tissue that surround the brain and spinal cord

A

Meninges

24
Q

The largest part of the brain is the

A

Cerebrum

25
Q

The section of the autonomic nervous system that is responsible for “flight or fight”

A

Sympathetic

26
Q

What is the primary function of the urinary system

A

Remove waste products from the body

27
Q

Which organ filters the blood to make urine

A

Kidney

28
Q

What is the functional unit of the kidney called

A

Nephron

29
Q

What structure carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder

A

Ureters

30
Q

What is the medical term for blood in the urine

A

Hematuria

31
Q

Which gland is referred to as the “master gland”

A

Pituitary gland

32
Q

Lack of which chemical causes a goiter

A

Iodine

33
Q

Which hormone helps control blood sugar levels

A

Insulin

34
Q

Which gland produces melatonin which helps regulate sleep

A

Pineal

35
Q

This disease is due to decreased secretion of the hormone cortisol

A

Addision’s Disease

36
Q

What is the primary function of the integumentary system

A

To protect the body from environmental hazards

37
Q

What is the outermost layer of the skin called

A

Epidermis

38
Q

What is the primary purpose of melanin

A

Protect the skin from UV radiation

39
Q

Which layer of skin contains blood vessels and nerves

A

Dermis

40
Q

What is the leading cause of skin aging

A

UV rays from the sun

41
Q

What is the name of the largest duct in the lymphatic system

A

Thoracic Duct

42
Q

What is another name for a foreign substance in the body that activates the immune system

A

Antigen

43
Q

Where is the spleen located in the abdomen

A

in the left upper quadrant

44
Q

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system

A

To remove waste products and excess fluid from tissues

45
Q

What structure prevents backflow of lymph as it moves towards the heart

A

Valves

46
Q

What is the name of the shaft of a long bone

A

Diaphysis

47
Q

These types of cells are responsible for bone growth

A

Osteoblasts

48
Q

The name of the lone bone found in the thigh

A

Femur

49
Q

This type of fracture breaks through the skin

A

Compound

50
Q

Opening in the occipital bone where the spinal cord meets the brain

A

Foramen Magnum

HEALTH SCIENCE (3 decks)

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