SYSTEMS TEST Flashcards
The primary function of the respiratory system is
Gas Exchange
Which structure is NOT part of the upper respiratory system
Trachea
What is the name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs
Alevoli
What muscle plays a major role in respiration
Diaphragm
What is the most common cause of emphysema
Smoking
What is the medical term for an elevated heart rate
Tachycardia
This vessel carries blood from the body into the heart
Vena Cava
These vessels carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Pulmonary Arteries
This is the natural pacemaker of the heart and starts the heartbeat
SA node
This test measures the electrical activity within the heart
EKG
The process of moving food through the gastrointestinal system is called
Peristalsis
Digestion first takes place where
Mouth
This organ releases insulin to break down sugars in the digestive system
Pancreas
Disease caused by liver failure and the inability to breakdown bilirubin
Jaundice
Celiac disease is an intolerance to which of the following
Gluten
The type of muscular contraction where the muscle length is shortening
Concentric Contraction
Strong, tough connective tissue that connects a muscle to a bone
Tendon
The group of muscles on the posterior thigh
Hamstrings
The type of muscle fibers found in the internal organs
Smooth
The point of attachment of a muscle that is stationary
Origin
What is the main function of the nervous system
To respond to changes in the bodies internal and external environment
Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons
Dendrite
Protective layers of tissue that surround the brain and spinal cord
Meninges
The largest part of the brain is the
Cerebrum
The section of the autonomic nervous system that is responsible for “flight or fight”
Sympathetic
What is the primary function of the urinary system
Remove waste products from the body
Which organ filters the blood to make urine
Kidney
What is the functional unit of the kidney called
Nephron
What structure carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder
Ureters
What is the medical term for blood in the urine
Hematuria
Which gland is referred to as the “master gland”
Pituitary gland
Lack of which chemical causes a goiter
Iodine
Which hormone helps control blood sugar levels
Insulin
Which gland produces melatonin which helps regulate sleep
Pineal
This disease is due to decreased secretion of the hormone cortisol
Addision’s Disease
What is the primary function of the integumentary system
To protect the body from environmental hazards
What is the outermost layer of the skin called
Epidermis
What is the primary purpose of melanin
Protect the skin from UV radiation
Which layer of skin contains blood vessels and nerves
Dermis
What is the leading cause of skin aging
UV rays from the sun
What is the name of the largest duct in the lymphatic system
Thoracic Duct
What is another name for a foreign substance in the body that activates the immune system
Antigen
Where is the spleen located in the abdomen
in the left upper quadrant
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system
To remove waste products and excess fluid from tissues
What structure prevents backflow of lymph as it moves towards the heart
Valves
What is the name of the shaft of a long bone
Diaphysis
These types of cells are responsible for bone growth
Osteoblasts
The name of the lone bone found in the thigh
Femur
This type of fracture breaks through the skin
Compound
Opening in the occipital bone where the spinal cord meets the brain
Foramen Magnum
