Systems of the Body Flashcards
What is the Skeletal system?
The Skeletal system consist of bones and the ligaments that attach the bones to joints.
What is the articular system?
The Articular system comprises both fixed and movable joints.
What is the Muscular system, and what are the types of muscles and their basic functions?
The Muscular system includes the skeletal muscles that move the body and give it shape.
Cardiac muscle, which pumps blood through the heart.
And Smooth muscle, which moves substances through organs, blood vessels, and glands; also controls hair and skin movement.
What is the Cardiovascular system, and what are the different components and their basic functions?
The Cardiovascular system consist of the heart, a four-chambered organ that pumps blood.
Arteries, which move blood to the tissues.
Capillaries, which move nutrients, gases, and material to and from tissues.
And Veins, which return blood from tissues to the heart.
What is the Lymphatic system, and what are its components and their basic functions?
The Lymphatic system is a system of vessels that assist the veins in returning fluids back to the heart.
And Lymph nodes, which filter lymph throughout the body.
What is the nervous system, and what are its different components and their basic functions?
The Nervous system controls and sends signals in the body.
Central nervous system(CNS) consist of the brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral nervous system(PNS) consist of nerves that connect the body to the CNS. Includes the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary actions like “fight or flight” and basic automatic functions.
What is the Endocrine system, and its basic functions?
The Endocrine system consist of glands that release hormones into the blood.
Hormones control functions in the body, including the brain, and help maintain balance in metabolic functions.
What is the Integumentary system, and what are some of its components?
The Integumentary system consist of the skin, which has glands, sensory receptors, blood vessels, immune cells, and antibodies.
Also contains layers of cells and keratins to protect against harmful environmental factors.
What is the Respiratory system?
The Respiratory system moves air and exchanges gases.
It consist of:
The upper tract: Nose to larynx(airway).
Lower tract: Trachea to lungs.
Alveoli and tiny bronchioles with lung capillaries, where gas exchange occurs.
What is the Digestive system?
The Digestive system breaks down food, assimilates nutrients, and removes waste.
It consist of:
Alimentary canal(digestive tract) and the following glands: Liver, pancreas, and biliary system(gallbladder and ducts)
What is the Urinary system?
The Urinary system manages water balance and keeps body fluids at the right pH.
Kidneys: Main organs that filter and balance fluids.
Urine is excess fluid and waste that is excreted through ureters to the bladder, then out through the urethra.
What is the Immune/Lymphoid system?
The Immune/Lymphoid system defends the body against harmful invaders.
Made up of various organs and immune cells spread throughout the body, which fight infections and remove damaged or abnormal cells.
What is the Female Reproductive system?
The Female Reproductive system produces hormones and manages reproduction.
it produces and transports eggs(ova), receives sperm for fertilization, supports embryo development, and sustains the fetus until birth.
What is the Male Reproductive system?
The Male Reproductive system produces hormones and sperm.
It forms and maintains sperm, and transports sperm to the female reproductive tract.
