Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroscience > Systems Neurophysiology Evidence > Flashcards

Systems Neurophysiology Evidence Flashcards

1
Q

Baroreceptors- ASIC2 involvement

Lu et al

A 
mRNA in NG/ Aortic Arch
Immunofluorescence
KOs
-increased hr, map
-reduced locomotor activity and brs
-atropine/ propanolol response

ADN stimulation no differences
-asic2 kos had higher starting bp

mRNA- cells with more ASIC2 showed greater APs in response to mechanical stim
Overexpression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Baroreceptors- TRPC5 involvement

Lau et al

A

Similar responses to ASIC2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Projection of Baroreceptive cells to NTS

A

WHBS prep
Anterograde tracing
NTS activity patch clamp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

NTS to NA

Deuchars, Mendelowitz

A

NA EPSCs generated with NTS stimulation
NMDA agonists/antagonists

CIH Rats (Yan et al)
- reduced response to NA stimulation
Nissl staining NA loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

NTS to DMNx

Cheng

A

Electrical Activity
Anterograde tracer- cardiac ganglion

EPSPs from different sources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sympathetic pathway blood pressure (IML and rVLM)

Deuchars and lall

A

Psuedorabies virus labelling

IML stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Role of rVLM

A

Glutamate injection
Optogenetics
- conscious vs. unconscious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

cVLM to rVLM

A

Kynurenate (Glu Antagonist) to NTS

Bicucculine (GABA antagonist to rVLM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Paraventricular Nucleus exercise control

A

Higa-Taniguchi:
Exercise trained mice induced noradrenergic fibres in PVN (immunoreactivity)

Koba 2017:
Optogenetics into PVN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Emotional regulation mPFC

Westerhaus and Loewry

A

PRV into adrenal, stellate, mesenteric ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Central Autonomic Area

Bacon and Smith

A

KCl and (PHA-L)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Function of the mPFC

Extra reading

A

fMRI of vmPFC and HR
MSNA and HR

Cortical BOLD and mPFC activity with MSNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CAA to IML (GABAergic neuron)

Deuchars

A

FISH- GAD67
Electrophysiological
Bicucculine vs Kynurenate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Innocuous Temperature Receptors

Bautista & Mogrich

A

Dual chamber assay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus (Morrison)

A

Anterograde/retrograde tracers
Temp-dependent AP changes correlated with BAT activity (SNA)

Muscimol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

MnPO and MPA

A

Bicucculine administration to MnPO

Muscimol administration to DMH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Afferent pathway of thermoregulation

Oldfield et al

A

PRV injection into BAT

T3 to T6
Stellate ganglion
Raphe Pallidus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Confirming raphe pallidus neurons

A

PRV double stained with Trytophan Hydroxylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Role of 5-HT Raphe neurons

A

5-HT injection
Muscimol

c-fos activity (Hale)
lmx1b KO mice (Hodges)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Respiratory pattern recordings

A

Pre-Inspiratory Hypoglossal Burst
Augmenting Phrenic Burst
Decrementing Post-inspiratory discharge (Vagus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

BotC role

A

Smith slices

Optogenetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

NK1R-expressing BotC cells

A

Antibody of NK1R cells applied

-Plethysomography- loss of appt. responses to hyperoxia and hypercapnia

23
Q

SST-expressing cells

A

Inhibitory Allostatin receptor
- cessation of breathing

CreRecombinase ChR2 expression rescue

24
Q

Inhibitory preBotC cells

A

Optogenetics-glycinergics

Swallowing, delayed onset/ prematurely terminated

25
Q

BotC and PiCo

Smith, Nino Ramirez

A

Ramirez: imaging showed PiCo activity

Optogenetics in model with pons

26
Q

Lateral Parafacial Nucleus/RTN role

A

Chemogenetic inhibition- rest vs. exercise

Lavezzi- hyperplasia unexplained death

27
Q

ccRTNs (Guyunet)

A

Electrical recording with increased CO2

Optogenetics- activation and connection to rVRG(ChR2-mcherry)

Acidification in vivo

28
Q

GPR4/TASK2 role

Kumar

A

FISH staining
c-fos on CO2 perfusion
KOs and rescue

29
Q

Raphe Obscurus role (Richerson)

A

CSF acidification w/ buffering
Lesioning of 5-HT
Hodges (Lmx1b KO)

Optogenetics- RR and dEMG
-hypercapnia differential results

30
Q

Combined theory (Nattie)

A

(Nattie and Li):
Orexin neurons PeF
OX1R/OX2R antagonists
Ventilatory response in wakefulness

PeF stimulation (Fortuna): Gabazine- c-fos, CO2 PND and MAP changes

31
Q

Glial Cells in Chemoreception

A

ATP administration to ventral brainstem

Antagonism of P2X receptors recording Phox2b action potentials

Optogenetic stimulation of astrocytes
-P2X antagonist abolishable

32
Q

Phox2B in Congential Central Hypoventilation Syndrome

A

Knock-in mouse model

  • absence of cells- lavezzi
  • respiratory function
  • hypoglossal activity
  • intracellular calcium reduced in RTN

No preBotC/ Raphe differences

33
Q

MYO1H in CCHS

A

Inappropriate response to hypercapnia

34
Q

Desogestrel as a treatment for CCHS - patient studies

Joubert

A

Patients on Desogestrel showed RR improvements, stopping treatment attenuated improvements

35
Q

Desogestrel as a treatment for CCHS - mouse studies

Joubert

A

Etonogestrel (ETO)
- similar responses in mice

Ex vivo:

  • RR in medullary prep
  • no c-fos changes in RTN
  • Bicucculine attentuated response
  • NMDA/5-HT enhanced response
36
Q

AgRP neurons action

A

Optogenetics (Aponte)
Chemogenetics
DREADD (excitatory and inhibitory) (Krashes)

Leptin and ghrelin action (firing rate)

37
Q

AgRP neurons inhibiting POMC

Atasoy

A

Optogenetics
AgRP-ChR2 with POMC-eGFP
POMC stimulation
Simultaneous

38
Q

POMC reducing food intake

A

Optogenetics

Leptin and ghrelin action (firing rate)

39
Q

AgRP neurons Paraventricular Hypothalamus (PVH)

A

ChR2 in PVH and PBN- stimulating PVH rise in food intake

40
Q

AgRP inhibiting SIM-1 PVH cells

A

GABA antagonist
Inhibitory DREADD in SIM-1 cells
Optogenetic activation of OXT-ChR2/ SIM-1-ChR2 cells

41
Q

SIM-1 Heterozygosity

Duplan 2009

A

Mice- Obesity and hyperphagia
Reduced AVP/OXT expressing PVH cells
Restored with ICV OXT

42
Q

Cholecystikinin (CCK) reducing food intake

A

Infusion

Attenuated by Vagal dissection/capsaicin

43
Q

Leptin reducing food intake

A

Leptin Receptor KO

-receptor levels decrease with feeding (produced by Ob gene)
-Vagal afferents contain STAT-3, part of the pathway which mediates leptin effects
(Buyse)

44
Q

Ghrelin stimulating food intake

A
  • cfos AgRP co-labelling after IV Ghreli
    Attenuated by dissection/capsaicin
    NG receptor accumulation
45
Q

Insulin reducing food intake

A

IRS2 mRNA and KO
Depolarisation at certain concentrations
Dil from pancreas

46
Q

VNS for food intake

A

Depressive patients

Minipigs (body weight, energy expenditure, BAT recruitment and carb consumption)

47
Q

V-BLOC

A

Weight decrease

Affects dietary constituency

48
Q

tVNS

A

Rats on high fat diet
Increased BAT
Increased UCP-1 B3AR expression

49
Q

Arcuate nucleus/Mediobasal Hypothalamus in glucose production via PI3K

A

Hypothalamic insulin infusion (PI3K, K+/ATP)
Vagotomy

Insulin receptor KD/ rescue in AgRP/POMC

50
Q

Dorsal Vagal complex in MAPK pathway

A 
Western blotting (ERK1/2 phosphorylation
Inhibiting ERK1/2 phosphorylation KATP channel activity
Pancreatic Euglycaemic clamp (increased GIR, decrease in glucose production)
51
Q

Food intake in and insulin

A

ICV insulin
-POMC activation (mRNA, AAV fluorescent PI3K reporter)
DVC activation (inhibition of ERK1/2)

52
Q

High fat diet/ Obesity

A

Zucker rats: insulin sensitivity, food intake, reduced insulin effectiveness

HFD: abolished MBH and DVC responses

53
Q

Overexpression of DEPTOR in the MBH

A

Whole body/MBH-specific O/E of DEPTOR

  • Increased glucose tolerance
  • Less weight gain with HFD
  • Increased AKT phosphorylation
54
Q

Role of Nucleus Accumbens shell (NAcSh)

O’connor

A

Optogenetic inhibition of Dopamine 1 r NAcSh neurons
- prolongs feeding
Activation of terminals reduces feeding
Projects to Lat Hypothalamus, inhibits GABA releasing VGAT cells

Neuroscience (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions