Systems and Structures Flashcards
Anatomy
The study of body structures
Physiology
The study of body functions.
Skeleton
The bones of the body.
Muscle
Tissue that can contract to allow movement of a body part.
Ligament
Tissue that connects bone to bone.
Tendon
Tissue that connects muscle to bone.
Musculoskeletal System
Structures: Bones, Joints, Muscles
Functions: Skeleton supports and protects the body, forms blood cells, and stores minerals. Muscles produce movement.
Respiratory System
Structures: Nasal cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchial tubes, Lungs
Functions: Obtains oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the body.
Cardiovascular System
Structures: Heart, Arteries, Veins
Functions: Pumps blood throughout the entire body to transport nutrients, oxygen, and wastes.
Blood System
Structures: Plasma, Red blood cells, White blood cells, Platelets
Functions: Transports oxygen, protects against pathogens, and promotes clotting to control bleeding.
Lymphatic System
Structures: Tonsils/adenoids, Thymus gland, Spleen, Lymph nodes, Lymphatic vessels
Functions: Helps to maintain the fluid balance of the body and contributes to the body’s immune system.
Nervous System
Structures: Brain, Spinal cord, Nerves
Functions: Receives sensory info and coordinates the body’s response.
Digestive System
Structures: Oral cavity, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small intestine, Large intestine (colon), Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas
Functions: Ingests, digests, and absorbs nutrients for the body.
Integumentary System
In-TEG-yuh-MENT-uh-ree
Structures: Skin, Hair, Nails, Sweat glands
Functions: Forms protective barrier and aids in temperature regulation.
Endocrine System
Structures: Pituitary gland, Pineal gland, Thyroid gland, Parathyroid glands, Thymus gland, Adrenal glands, Pancreas, Testes or Ovaries
Functions: Regulates metabolic/hormonal activities of the body.
