Systems and Matter

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that occupies space and has mass

Question 2

Mass

Answer 2

A measurement of the amount of matter an object contains

Question 4

Element

Answer 4

A substance composed of atoms that cannot be broken down into smaller, simpler components

Question 5

Periodic table

Answer 5

A chart of all chemicals elements currently known, organized by their properties

Question 6

Molecule

Answer 6

A particle that contains more than one atom

Question 7

Compound

Answer 7

A molecule containing more than one element

Question 8

Atomic number

Answer 8

The number of protons in the nucleus of a particular element

Question 9

Mass Number

Answer 9

A measurement of the total number of protons and neutrons in an element

Question 10

Isotopes

Answer 10

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Question 11

Radioactive decay

Answer 11

The spontaneous releases of material from the nucleus of radioactive isotopes

Question 12

Half-life

Answer 12

The tie it takes for one-half of an original radioactive parent atom to decay

Question 13

Covalent bond

Answer 13

The bond formed when elements share electrons

Question 14

Ionic bond

Answer 14

A chemical bond between two ions of opposite charges

Question 15

Hydrogen bond

Answer 15

A weak chemical bond that forms when hydrogen atoms that are convalently bonded to one atom are attracted to another atom on another molecule

Question 16

Polar molecule

Answer 16

A molecule in which one side is more positive and he other side is more negative

Question 17

Surface tension

Answer 17

A property of water that results from the cohesion of water molecules at the surface of a body of water and creates a sort of skin on the water’s surface

Question 18

Capillary action

Answer 18

A property of water that occurs when adhesion of water molecules to a surface is stronger than cohesion between the molecules

Question 19

Acid

Answer 19

A substance that contributes hydrogen ions to a solution

Question 20

Base

Answer 20

A substance that contributes hydroxide ions to a solution

Question 21

pH

Answer 21

The number that indicates the relative strength of acids and bases in a substance

Question 22

Chemical Reaction

Answer 22

A reaction that occurs when atoms separate from molecules or recombine with other molecules

Question 23

Law of conservation of matter

Answer 23

A law of nature stating that matter cannot be created or destroyed it can only change for

Question 24

Inorganic Compound

Answer 24

A compound that does not contain the element carbon or contains carbon bound to elements other than hydrogen

Question 25

Organic Compound

Answer 25

A compound that contains carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen atoms

Question 26

Carbohydrate

Answer 26

A compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms

Question 27

Protein

Answer 27

A critical component of living organisms made up of a long chain of nitrogen- containing organic molecules known as amino acids

Question 28

Nucleic acid

Answer 28

Organic compounds found in all living cells

Question 29

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Answer 29

A nucleic acid, the genetic material that contains the code for reproducing the components of the next generation and which organisms pass on to their offspring

Question 30

RNA (ribonucleic acid)

Answer 30

A nucleic acid that translates the code stored in DNA which makes possible the synthesis of proteins

Question 31

Lipid

Answer 31

A smaller organic biological molecule that does not mix with water

Question 32

Cell

Answer 32

A highly organized living entity that consist of the four types of macro molecules and other substances in a watery solution surrounded by a membrane