Systems 2 Flashcards
When approaching to land what is being indicated when the AoA indexer displays amber lights?
AoA is lower than the ideal approach (too fast)
If airspeed and altitude indications on the PFD and the SFD disagree, this could be:
Possible Pitot tube and/or static port blockages
What sensor doesnt have de-icing heaters?
OAT sensor
Which instrument is the central point returned to when scanning flight instruments?
Attitude indicator
Which of the following is NOT a performance instrument?
ASI
VSI
AI
Alt
AI Attitude indicator
Strand by instruments are always standalone analogue instrument? T/F
False
Red V marks on the attitude indicator show:
The Angle of climb or dive
The rate of turn
The shortest direction to decrease the pitch angle
The shortest direction to decrease the pitch angle (shortest path to the closest horizon)
What is being indicated if the colour of the G meter pointer is amber?
G-load is within 1G +/- g-limits
What is the maximum range displayed by the PFD HSI in map mode?
640 NM
What does the Red Cross in data area indicate?
No valid data available
If the actual vert speed is 7000ft/min, VSI will display:
7000ft/min digital - 6000ft/min analogue
Which indication is available in HSI CDI mode?
Deviation dots
The airspeed displayed on SFD is in the range of:
40 to 950KIAS
45 to 900KIAS
45 to 999KIAS
40 to 950 KIAS
A green arrow under the heading ribbon indicates?
Direction to VOR beacon
The SFDR in the rear cockpit is a?
Repeater only that Rx all its data from the SFD
SFDR data input functions are controlled by?
Nothing, SFDR is a repeater of the SFD
The IBIT on the SFD is activated by?
Pressing both NAV and ALN keys twice within two seconds
What flight data is not displayed on the SFD?
G-Load
What Data does the EMD receive from the power management unit?
Prop RPM (NP)
Which of these is displayed on the EMD permanently?
Current software version, AC type, total run time
Flap indication
Oil pressure
Oil pressure
What TQ value is 75% in PMS manual mode? Red Amber or Green?
Amber
If the ADC fails, what data will you loose on the HUD?
Airspeed
Altitude
Mach
Power to the HUD and HUDR is controlled by?
HSG
The aircraft longitudinal acceleration along the flight path is indicated by?
Power chevrons
What is the function of the castle switch in NAV mode? (Control column)
Swap MFD displays
(Control Column) which switch disconnects the pitch and roll servos?
Tactile Control Steering (TCS) switch
In the event of RIOC 1 failure which HOTAS functions are affected?
Front and Rear cockpit
Front cockpit
Rear cockpit
Front Cockpit
The climb dive marker (CDM):
is fixed in HUD FOV
gives a true representation of aircraft flight path in pitch
Indicates drift angle
Gives a true representation of aircraft flight path in pitch
When is the manual mode of operation automatically selected?
When the normal and emergency system pressure falls below the master cylinder
On some AC, ……………… are used on the LE of the wings to augment lift.
Slats
What is the term used to describe a FCS that uses a flight computer to send and receive digital signals to control flight surfaces.
Fly By Wire
Which secondary flight control increases drag with only small effect on lift?
Air brake
Fly by wire is a term used to describe a flight control system where?
a flight control computer is used to send and receive digital signals to control flight services
The primary flight control surfaces are?
Ailerons, rudder and elevators
The air brake be used to increase drag without making significant change to lift? T/F
T
The TAD provides automatic trim for?
The rudder
The PC21 control column is used to operate which control surfaces?
Aileron and Elevator
The PC21 air brake is operated by?
The air brake switch on the PCL
What are the 3 Primary flight controls?
Rudder
Elevator
Aileron
*** A Fly by wire system involves digital signals from an air data computer which operate what?
Electro-Hydraulic servos to the control surfaces.
A mechanical flight control system uses what types of components to transfer inputs?
Cables, Pulleys (turnbuckles), levers, rods, bell-cranks
What are the flaps used for?
Increase the camber of the wings and provide greater lift and control at lower speed
Can shorten take-off and landing runs
Many large aircraft use Fowler flaps, why?
In the first stages of extension, there is a large increase in lift but little increase in drag
An air brake will slow you down with little change to lift while increasing what?
Increasing drag and approach angle
What are spoilers used for and what is a negative effect of spoilers?
Lift dumpers - by disrupting laminar air flow
Spoil the lift over the upper surface of the wing
Increase stall speed
What is the function of wing slats?
Are moveable aerofoil on the front of the LE and allow the high pressure air to flow to the low pressure and over the wing
Re-energises the boundary layer
Moves the separation point towards
Delays onset of stall
What are trim tabs used for?
Release pilot loads or reduces sensitivity
AIDS a pilot to overcome forces needed to move a control surface
The PC21 FCS uses a combination of what type of components?
Mechanical and Electro-hydraulic
The TAD automatically moves the rudder trim tab at the required angle to keep the aircraft in cord flight. What parameters are considered by the RIOCs to achieve the correct movement?
Airspeed
AoA
Engine TQ
*** At what angle of aileron deflection do the spoilers start operating and when are they fully deployed?
4 deg start
13 deg full deflection
What is common about the ailerons, air brake, flaps and roll spoiler system?
All use Hydraulic power
Which hydraulic power system controls the aileron hydraulic power, roll spoilers and air brake?
Main Hydraulic system (Emergency actuator)
What are the secondary flight controls on the PC21?
Flaps
Air brake
Tabs
What is affected if the TRIM/AIL switch on the PC21 is in the off position?
Wheel powered brakes Anti0skid system TAD Trim systems Hydraulics to ailerons and roll spoilers
*** What are the 2 indications the flaps are not in the up position above 183KIAS?
Aural over speed tone
Flap over speed caution (Amber on the MFD)
Under what circumstances would you switch the TRIM?AIL PWR off during normal operations?
Trim runaway - inhibits TAD
The autopilot and flight director system (AFDS) controls the aircraft around what two axis?
Longitudinal (Roll)
Lateral (Pitch)
What is affected if the TRIM/AIL switch on the PC21 is in the off position?
Powered brakes, anti skid system, TAD, trim systems, Hydraulics to ailerons and roll spoilers
The TAD provides automatic trim for what?
Automatic rudder trim
The left ad right elevators operate together. When one elevator becomes damaged, what component will allow the undamaged elevator to operate?
Elevator torque tube
If Electrical power from the BATT BUS, GEN 1 and GEN 2 busses fail, what will occur?
The flaps will automatically retract
The air brake can be used throughout the speed range of the AC including the landing? T/F
T
What is the most common voltage for electrical power systems for aircraft?
24 VDC
28 VDC
110 - 115 VAC
What are some sources of supplementary power systems for the aircraft?
Ram-air turbine (Fan at the bottom of the AC) APU (Aux) GPU (ground) Secondary Gen BATTs
What are the two types of cell batteries?
Primary (Dry Cell - irreversible)
Secondary (Wet cell - recharges)
What are the 3 types of electrical services on an aircraft from Split busbars?
Vital
Essential
Non-essential
Why do we use split busbars?
Manage the power supply to various services ( into 3 categories of importance)
In the busbar system what powers a vital busbar?
Emergency and Main Batteries
Secondary Cells are used on aircraft as primary power sources to do what?
Start engines
Provide limited emergency power
What is the purpose of the aircraft Generator during normal flight?
Maintain charge in the batteries
Provide primary power
What type of current does a 3-phase generator produce?
Single Phase AC
*** How do we complete the circuit in many aircraft electrical systems without having additional wiring?
Use the metal structure of The aircraft to complete the circuit
*** What 3 factors determine the value of induced voltage in a generator?
Speed of rotation of the conductor magnet, Strength of the electromagnets and the number of turns in conductor coil
What is the purpose of an inverter?
Convert DC to AC
A rectifier turns AC to DC
What is the purpose of a circuit breaker and reverse current cut-outs (RCCO)?
To protect the electrical circuit over voltage or reverse current
*** What is the purpose of a relay?
To remotely control electrical devices in one or more circuits
*** What is the purpose of switches in a circuit and is it manual or automatic?
To complete/interrupt the circuit, can be auto or manual
In a DC generator, which component ensures external current in the load only flows one way?
Generator Control Unit (GCU)
Which piece of electrical equipment is used to convert AC to DC power?
Transformer Rectifier Unit (TRU)
What is a busbar used for?
Used to organise electrical circuits into a simple system, centralise power output
How do we complete the circuit in many aircraft electrical systems without having additional wiring?
Earth to the AC structure/chassis/fuselage
A circuit breaker is used to?
Isolate faulty circuits by means of a mechanical trip
In an AC that only uses DC electrical systems, EMER PWR is generally supplied by main battery or specific EMER BATT to power the vital ELEC SYS for a short period of time? T/F
T
BATT 1 is located in the?
Engine compartment
EMER BATT will provide the power to the SFD and sensors for at least?
30 minutes
How many BUSBARS are on the PC21?
7
Where is the EMER BATT located?
Avionics bay
What Bus is supplied by battery when both generators fail?
If both Gens fail, Batt 1 and 2 take over, providing power to essential services for around 30 minutes
What is the voltage and amp rating of the PC-21 Generator?
28VDC at 300A
How many PRI PWR sources are there on the PC21?
Conflicting answers:
4 - 2 Gens 2 BATTS
2 - 2 Generators - Main Batt and Secondary Batt are not counted
What Bus does Gen 1 power?
Gen 1 Bus to Batt Bus, Non-essential bus
What is the purpose of the Generator Control Unit?
Maintain correct VOLTs and protect from reverse polarity
What buses does Gen 1 PWR?
GEN 1 Bus to BATT BUS, Non-Essential Bus
What would it mean if a red GENS warning on the MFD and DWP? What other notifications would you receive?
Both Gens Failed/offline - Aural Warning, Attention getters
What Bus is supplied by battery when both Generators fail?
BATT BUS
What Caution indicates that the landing or taxi light failed to switch off automatically?
Amber LANDING LIGHT caution on the MFD and Attention getters
What is the CLDU used to control?
The brightness of the displays and instruments and controls
The attention getters in both cockpits can be tested with?
FIRE test switch
Which of the external lights are not NVIS compatible?
Landing and Taxi
Recognition
What EXT lights are PWRD from the GEN 1 BUS?
RECOG, ANTI COL, Formation
What EXT lights are PWRD by BATT BUS?
Landing, Taxi and navigation lights
Are the recognition lights NVIS compatible and where are they?
No - Outer wing LE
When a warning occurs and the master warning light is pressed, what happens then?
The master warning light is reset
Any related Aural tone is stopped
How long will the warning light remain illuminated on the CWP?
Until the Malfunction has been resolved
When a warning occurs and the master warning light is pressed, what happens then?
The master warning light is rest
Any related aural tone is stopped
When and why are warning systems tested?
Prior to each flight
Confirm functionality
What panels displays warning captions to the pilot in the PC21?
Attention getters
MFDs
DWPs
*** Where does the engine indicating and crew alerting systems (EICAS) get information from and where does it display alerts?
Mission computer - Displays on MFD, LGCU and the PFD
The PC21 has a fire test switch in the front cockpit, what 5 alerts occur when you operate the switch?
Attention getters Warning gong tone Fire warning on MFD and DWP EICAS Fire 1 and 2 Alert advisories
What type of fire alerting system is in the engine bay of the PC21?
Continuous loop
What happens when you press a flashing attention getter?
Ack’s the warning/caution - Silences aural tone and cancels the light flashing
Does the DWP operate independently of the mission computer?
Yes
What is displayed on the PC21 MFD WARN page?
Active warning
Cautions
Advisory captions
Applicable checklists
In what situations are amber advisories displayed on the MFD?
They indicate a system or flight manoeuvre limit
DWP receives data from?
Directly from Aircraft systems
Avionics cooling is provided by the ECS or by an external source while the aircraft is?
parked
What methods are used to provide the Aircon process?
Vapour-cycle system and air cycle system
The rate of change in cabin pressure is normally measured using what unit of measurement?
Feet per minute
What is the primary purpose of a check valve in an aircraft air-cycle (open) conditioning system
Ensure that supply air travels in a single direction only
Why do pressurisation systems keep the cabin pressure below 10,000ft?
Minimise the requirements for additional oxygen
*** Is air heated or cooled when passed through the an air turbine?
Cooled ?
When the vapour is compressed is it heated or cooled?
Heated
Which control device for ECS is in the front cockpit only?
Cabin pressure switch, ACS shutoff lever, temp control selector, VCS guarded switch
What is the normal maximum cabin differential pressure?
3.76psi at 25,000ft (Cabin alt of 13,000)
Which ECS system provides heating, cooling and pressure in the 21?
ACS
Continuous flow OXY is generally used in which delivery system?
Emergency
What are the benefits of a LOX system?
Provides same supply of OXY is half the space and weight of a gas system
OBOGS produces a gas that is consistent of approx 95% OXY and 5% of what other gas?
Argon
The PC21 OBOGS uses what air supply?
HP (P3) Engine bleed air
How long does emergency oxygen last?
<5 minutes
In the Acronym PITHBLOT, what does the I stand for and what causes it?
Instrument - Restricted physical movement of mechanical parts
What are the types of gyroscopic wander?
Real, apparent, gimbal lock
What parts are transmitter, receive, duplex or, display part of?
RADAR
What performance instruments are on the PFD?
ASI VS Attitude G Meter Power AOA Turn indicator
What aircraft flight control SYS are indicated on the PFD?
Flaps and Airbrake
What flight data doe the APU provide to the SFD?
Airspeed and altitude
What is common between total internal fuel, fuel flow and oil pressure?
All are permanently on the EMD
What types of info does the HUD provide? (Screens)
Flight reference information, Simulated weapons information, NAV information
What is the relationship between the CDM and the CDL?
CDM stays centred and CDL moves relative to it to show AC flight path
Always displays true representation of the AC flight path
HOTAS interfaces with what computer via 1553 BUS?
Mission computer
How do you mute all incoming comms to both pilots?
Push centre of PTT button in.
Where is the HUD deco utter/weapon mode switch? How many declutter levels are there?
PCL below PTT switch, 3 levels
What are the control instruments?
Power indicator + Attitude indicator
What do the red crosses in a data area mean?
Data not available
What control regulates cockpit temp to that set by the temp selector on the front cockpit ECS panel?
The Integrated Environmental Control System (IECS)
On the PC21, which cockpit is interfaced directly into the mission computer via the 1553 BUS for HOTAS?
Both front and rear
What type of pressure altimeter error is caused when the true external static pressure is not accurately transmitted to the instrument?
Position error
