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ANATOMY CHAPTER 1-4 > Systems > Flashcards

Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What are the structural Organization Levels

A

Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, System, and Organismal

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2
Q

integumentary system functions

A

Functions: Protects body; helps regulate body temperature; eliminates some wastes; helps make vitamin D; detects sensations such as touch, pain, warmth, and cold; stores fat and provides insulation.

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3
Q

Skeletal System functions

A

Supports and protects body; provides surface area for muscle attachments; aids body movements; houses cells that produce blood cells; stores minerals and lipids (fats).

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4
Q

Muscular System Functions

A

Participates in body movements, such as walking; maintains posture; produces heat.

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5
Q

Nervous Systems Function

A

Generates action potentials (nerve impulses) to regulate body activities; detects changes in body’s internal and external environments, interprets changes, and responds by causing muscular contractions or glandular secretions.

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6
Q

Endocrine system functions

A

Regulates body activities by releasing hormones (chemical messengers transported in blood from endocrine gland or tissue to target organ).

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7
Q

Cardiovascular System Functions

A

Heart pumps blood through blood vessels; blood carries oxygen and nutrients to cells and carbon dioxide and wastes away from cells and helps regulate acid-base balance, temperature, and water content of body fluids; blood components help defend against disease and repair damaged blood vessels.

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8
Q

Lymphatic System and Immunity Function

A

Returns proteins and fluid to blood; carries lipids from gastrointestinal tract to blood; contains sites of maturation and proliferation of B cells and T cells that protect against disease-causing microbes.

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9
Q

Respiratory system function

A

Transfers oxygen from inhaled air to blood and carbon dioxide from blood to exhaled air; helps regulate acid-base balance of body fluids; air flowing out of lungs through vocal cords produces sounds.

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10
Q

Digestive System Function

A

Achieves physical and chemical breakdown of food; absorbs nutrients; eliminates solid wastes.

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11
Q

Urinary System Function

A

Produces, stores, and eliminates urine; eliminates wastes and regulates volume and chemical composition of blood; helps maintain the acid-base balance of body fluids; maintains body’s mineral balance; helps regulate production of red blood cells.

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12
Q

Reproductive Systems Function

A

Gonads produce gametes (sperm or oocytes) that unite to form a new organism; gonads also release hormones that regulate reproduction and other body processes; associated organs transport and store gametes; mammary glands produce milk.

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13
Q

Components of the Integumentary system?

A

Skin, and associated structures such as hair, fingernails and toenails, sweat glands and oil glands

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14
Q

Components of skeletal system

A

bones and joints of the body and their associated cartilages

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15
Q

Components of the Muscular system

A

skeletal muscle tissue- muscle attached to bones

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16
Q

Components of the nervous system

A

Brain, spinal cord, and special sense organs such as eyes and ears

17
Q

Components of the endocrine system

A

Hormone producing glands

18
Q

Components of cardiovascular system

A

Blood, heart, and blood vessles

19
Q

Components of the Lymphatic system and Immunity

A

Lymphatic fluid and vessels; spleen, thymus and lymph nodes, and tonsils

20
Q

Components of the respiratory system

A

Lungs and air passageways such as the pharynx (Throat), larynx (voice box), trachea, and bronchial tubes

21
Q

Components of the digestive system

A

Organs of gastrointestinal traction, mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines

22
Q

Components of the Urinary system

A

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra

23
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

Condition of equilibrium, or balance, in the body’s internal environment. Maintained by the regulatory system

24
Q

Superior

A

Toward the head, or the upper part of the structure

25
Q

Inferior

A

Away from the head, or the lower part of the structure

26
Q

Anterior

A

Nearer to or at the front of the body

27
Q

Posterior

A

Near to or at the back of the body

28
Q

Medial

A

Near to the midline that divides the body into two equal sections

29
Q

Lateral

A

farther from the midline

30
Q

intermediate

A

Between two structures

31
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side of the body as another structure

32
Q

Contralateral

A

On the opposite side of the body from another structure

33
Q

Proximal

A

near to the attachment of a limb to the trunk; nearer to the origination of a structure

34
Q

Distal

A

Farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk

35
Q

Superficial

A

towards the surface of the body

36
Q

Deep

A

away from the surface of the body

37
Q

What are the 3 body cavities

A

Cranial, Thoracic, Abdominopelvic

ANATOMY CHAPTER 1-4 (2 decks)

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