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MYCOLOGY & VIROLOGY > Systemic Mycoses > Flashcards

Systemic Mycoses Flashcards

1
Q

What part/s of the body does systemic mycoses invade?

A

Deep organs

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2
Q

Two groups under systemic mycoses

A

Endemic, opportunistic

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3
Q

What does GAFFI mean?

A

Global Action Fund for Fungal Infections

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4
Q

Systemic mycoses is transmitted through ______

A

Inhalation

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5
Q

Fungi can be isolated from?

A

Acidic soil or soil mixed guano

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6
Q

Modified true or false:

Fungi can survive in the lungs thru evolving outside the host

A

False. Inside the host

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7
Q

What are the thermally dimorphic mycoses that falls under systemic mycoses

A

Blastomycosis
Coccidioidomycosis
Histoplasmosis
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Talaromycosis
Emergomycosis

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8
Q

What form do thermally dimorphic fungi take under 30°C?

A

Mold form

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9
Q

What form do thermally dimorphic fungi take at body temperature?

A

Yeast form

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10
Q

Causative agent of blastomycosis

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

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11
Q

Blastomycosis is endemic in?

A

USA
Canada
Manitoba
Africa
India

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12
Q

Causative agent of Coccidioidomycosis

A

Coccidioides immitis/posadasii

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13
Q

Causative agent of Histoplasmosis

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

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14
Q

Causative agent of Paracoccidioidomycosis

A

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

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15
Q

Paracoccidioidomycosis is endemic in?

A

South America

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16
Q

Causative agent of Talaromycosis

A

Talaromyces marneffei

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17
Q

Talaromycosis is endemic in?

A

South Asia
China

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18
Q

Causative agent of Emergomycosis

A

Emergomyces spp.

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19
Q

Blastomycosis can be characterized by:

A

Granulomatous and suppurative lesions

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20
Q

What does Blastomyces dermititidis prefer to infect:

A

Skin & bones

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21
Q

What does Blastomyces dermititidis look like under the microscope in a tissue biopsy

A

Large, spherical, thick-walled budding yeast

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22
Q

Antigens present in B. dermititidis

A

Blastomycin
Antigen A
BAD-1

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23
Q

What immunodominant motif does B. dermatitidis have?

A

Blastomyces Adhesin-1

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24
Q

Signs and symptoms of Blastomycosis

A

Fever
Malaise
Night sweats
Cough
Myalgias
Chronic Pneumonia

25
Q

In patients with Pneumonia in Blastomycosis, what can be found on histological exam?

A

Pyogranulomatous reaction w/ neutrophils
Noncaseating granulomas

26
Q

Other than the common etiologic agents, what are the other causes of Blastomycosis?

A

B. helicus
B. percursus
B. emzantsi

27
Q

Where can the mycelial forms of Blastomyces be found in the environment?

A

Wooded land w/ damp soil near water

28
Q

Colony appearance of Blastomyces in SDA, and in microscope

A

White or brownish colony

Branched hyphae w/ spherical conidia on lateral conidiophores

29
Q

Coccidioidomycosis is also known as

A

San Joaquin Valley fever

Valley fever

30
Q

What are the common agents of Coccidioidomycosis?

A

Coccidioides Immitis
C. Posadasiii

31
Q

How are the common agents of Coccidioidomycosis be differentiated? Why?

A

Genotyping and Phylogenetic analysis

They are phenotypically indistinguishable

32
Q

Colony appearance of Coccidioides, and appearance under the microscope

A

White to tan colony

Hyaline septate hyphae forming arthtroconidia

33
Q

Appearance of Coccidioides after inhalation

A

Large, thick-walled spherules with endospores - mature

Thick-walled spherules with clear center - young

34
Q

Antigenic structures present in Coccidioides

A

Coccidioidin
Spherulin

35
Q

An antigen produced from a filtrate of a broth culture of spherules in Coccdioidomycosis

A

Spherulin

36
Q

Test used to check for Coccidioidomycosis, and its result

A

Skin test
Delayed positive skin test using Coccidioidin & spherulin

37
Q

Coccidioidomycosis is common among:

A

Males
Pregnant women
Immunocompromised people

38
Q

Culture media used for Coccidioides immitis/posadasii

A

Inhibitory Mold Agar (IMA) slants
Or
Blood-Hear Infused Agar (BHIA) slants

W/ or w/o antibiotics & cyclohexamide

@30°C or 37°C

39
Q

Serological tests in identifying Coccidioidomycosis

A

Latex agglutination test
ID or CF test
Coccidioidin skin test
Spherulin skin test

40
Q

Treatment used for Coccidioidomycosis

A

Ampothericin B
Itraconazole

41
Q

Where can Coccidioides be isolated from?

A

Desert soils

42
Q

The most prevalent pulmonary intracellular mycosis worldwide

A

Histoplasmosis

43
Q

Histoplasmosis caused by Hc is also known as

A

Darling’s disease

44
Q

What animals can Histoplasmosis be associated with?

A

Birds and bats

45
Q

What variant in humans of H. capsulatum resembles TB

A

H. capsulatum var. capsulatum

46
Q

H. capsulatum variant that causes skin and bone lesions

A

H. capsulatum var. duboisii

47
Q

What variant of H. capsulatum causes lymphangitis in horses?

A

H. capsulatum var. Farciminosum

48
Q

What is the gold standard for testing Histoplasmosis

A

Culture

49
Q

Colony appearance of Histoplasma

A

White suede front
Pale yellow brown reverse

50
Q

Morphology of Histoplasma

A

Hyaline, septate hyphae produce microconidia & thick-walled macroconidia w/ peripheral projections

51
Q

Antigen found in Histoplasmosis

A

Histoplasmin

52
Q

Laboratory tests used for diagnosing Histoplasmosis

A

CF test
ID test
RA / EIA

53
Q

Modified true or false:

When Histoplasmosis have disseminated, there is a high chance of death if it’s left untreated with antifungal therapy

A

True

54
Q

How to confirm growth of Histoplasmosis?

A

In-vitro conversion to yeast form

55
Q

A mycoaes that presents as a chronic granulomatous disease that produces primary pulmonary infection

A

Paracoccidioidomycosis

56
Q

Mode of transmission for Talaromyces marneffei

A
  • Traumatic implantation
  • Eating of bamboo rats
  • Inhalation of spores near bamboo rat burrows
57
Q

Talaromycosis is associated with what animal?

A

Bamboo rats

58
Q

Colong appearance of Talaromyces

A

Green-yellow colony w/ diffusable reddish pigment

MYCOLOGY & VIROLOGY (7 decks)

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